Decoding the Moonstar88 DNA

If you were in high school or college in the 2000s, chances are there was at least one guitar-toting student in your class-and what are the odds that when lunch break came, the song they played to show they had finally mastered their first barre chord was ‘Torete’ by Moonstar88?

It’s infectious and forgiving to play, and the payoff is worth more than you would expect. Before you knew it, everyone was singing their hearts out about unrequited love at high noon, because why not?

It’s hard to put into words exactly what makes Moonstar88 sound like Moonstar88, guitarist Herbert Hernandez says. But hard-pressed to give a reason, guitar-driven simplicity has got to be one of them.

Nothing too complex

They’re ‘not the most technical of musicians,’ they concede, but they have a keen ear for lyrics that hit from the very first line. And when lead vocalist Maysh Baay breathes life into them-coupled with Hernandez’s guitar work and the distinct ‘klangklang’ of drummer Bon Sundiang’s snares-the sound they create is unmistakably theirs.

‘Alam mong jinam ng banda ‘yong kanta sa acoustic guitar. Isa na ring sigurong dahilan eh hindi complex ‘yong chords at arrangement,’ Hernandez tells Lifestyle Inquirer. ‘There are those who concentrate on the sound or the hook-and there’s nothing wrong with that-but we focus more on the lyrics and the story we want to tell.’

It may not have been the original intention, but their instinct not to overcomplicate things leaves room for another defining element of the ‘Moonstar88 DNA’: the vocals. While Baay has a fuller, sturdier sound, there’s still a sweetness in her tone that harks back to the band’s early days with Acel Bisa’s whispery and fragile singing-the better to convey the sense of longing the music often evokes.

And this is something that has remained constant throughout the band’s 27-year musical journey-from ‘Torete’ and ‘Sulat’ to ‘Migraine’ and ‘Gilid.’ Hernandez and Sundiang can veer ‘super far out’ from what fans would expect in terms of production, but Baay’s singing always brings it back to center.

‘Alam namin na, at the end of the day, kapag kumanta at nag-record na si Maysh, ‘yon na ‘yon,’ Sundiang says.

‘Alam namin na, at the end of the day, kapag kumanta at nag-record na si Maysh, ‘yon na ‘yon’

Organic interplay

Fair enough-sound is better heard than explained. At the group’s recent contract signing with EMI Records Philippines, a sublabel of Universal Music Group, they let their music do the talking-playing two new singles ahead of their respective releases as part of their upcoming 13-track, all-original album.

‘Goma,’ an upbeat pop-rock anthem with a driving rhythm, speaks of being stretched to the limit but inevitably bouncing back into form. As its title suggests, ‘Kape Tayo’ is a tender midtempo ballad that yearns for warmth and companionship, ‘sa tamis at sa pait.’ (The band members aren’t much of drinkers, they joke.)

And if these songs are a preview of their upcoming album-which will include four compositions by ‘Torete’ composer Darwin Hernandez, who’s marking his return to writing for the band after a long while-then ‘Moonstareros’ can expect something fresh but still close to home.

‘There’s something new because we’re now with EMI and we have new sounds or stories to tell. There’s something gifted kasi maraming regalong kanta sa ‘min si Darwin. But at the same time, the magic of our signature sound still comes out,’ Baay says of the new material, which will also feature collaborations with Jay Contreras of Kamikazee, Rye Sarmiento of 6Cyclemind, and Jazz Jorge of Gracenote.

Although the said tracks sound steadier than senti, with dashes of grit and urgency here and there, they still rely on the organic interplay of actual instruments and the band’s knack for melodies that spark LSS (last song syndrome). The topics may essentially be about love, but not from the same shade or perspective they have already explored before.

Happy and confident

There’s nothing drastic here that immediately suggests they’re trying to jump onto a trend-and that’s precisely the point. More than their music’s sincerity and unpretentiousness, it’s their disinterest in chasing whatever is in vogue that makes their work timeless and relatable across generations.

‘If you look at it, hindi siya ‘yong uso, pero nandiyan lang siya lagi,’ Hernandez points out.

Case in point: when the VCR for ‘Fortunate Change’ played at Seventeen’s Philippine show last March, a predominantly young audience-maybe sensing similarities in the instrumentation-spontaneously sang ‘Torete.’ This seemingly reflects Moonstar88’s streaming demographics, which show that their Gen Z listeners have already overtaken Millennials.

‘It’s overwhelming na nasa isipan kami ng mga bata,’ Baay says.

Needless to say, Moonstar88 was amused and slightly bemused, but that moment only proves that good music is good music-whether played in a classroom in the 2000s or a K-pop stadium in 2026. ‘That makes us happy and confident to just continue what we love to do,’ Hernandez says.

Airfares to soar as fuel surcharge doubled in mid-April

Travelers flying within and out of the Philippines are facing significantly higher airfares for the rest of April after the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) approved a Level 19 fuel surcharge, pushing additional charges to as much as P15,397 per ticket.

This new rate brings jet fuel surcharges close to the maximum Level 20 and marks a sharp increase from Level 8 imposed from April 1 to April 15.

Before the Middle East conflict broke out, Level 4 surcharge had applied.

Under Level 19, fuel surcharges for domestic flights now range from P627 to P1,834, up from P253 to P787 earlier in April-equivalent to increases of 147.83 percent and 133.04 percent, respectively.

For international flights, the surcharge rises to at least P2,070.77 and as much as P15,397.15, from P835.05 to P6,208.98 previously, representing a 147.98-percent increase.

CAB issued the advisory on Wednesday, although the new rates had taken effect for tickets issued starting April 16.

‘This interim measure shall be in effect until the current situation stabilizes, or as may be revised or revoked accordingly,’ it said.

These new rates will be applied at a conversion rate of P59.95 per US dollar.

Up 436% from prewar levels

This adjustment comes as global jet fuel prices remain high, reaching $184.63 per barrel as of April 17, from $99.40 per barrel prior to the Iran conflict, based on data from the International Air Transport Association.

Compared with prewar levels, Philippine jet fuel surcharges have now increased by 436 percent.

In March, carriers were unable to immediately reflect the price surge, as surcharges had already been set at Level 4 before hostilities escalated. At that level, domestic charges ranged from P117 to P342, while international surcharges were between P385.70 and P2,867.82.

Level 20 remains the highest allowable tier under CAB rules, with domestic surcharges ranging from P661 to P1,993 and international charges from P2,183.11 to P16,232.44.

On top of base airfare

Under CAB Resolution No. 25, Series of 2022, fuel surcharges are optional and charged on top of the base airfare. These may be removed if the one-month average price of jet fuel falls below P21 per liter.

In a statement, AirAsia Philippines said the increase reflects mounting cost pressures on carriers amid the ongoing conflict.

‘With the ongoing geopolitical uncertainty, our operational cost base has significantly exceeded initial forecasts-global jet fuel prices have surged to more than double 2025 levels,’ the airline said.

Increased seismic activity recorded in Bulusan Volcano anew – Phivolcs

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs) on Wednesday said increased seismic activity has been recorded at Bulusan Volcano in Sorsogon.

Phivolcs issued the advisory after a total of 101 volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes were recorded in Bulusan since 4:50 a.m. on Wednesday.

According to Phivolcs, these VT events were generated by rock fracturing, which mostly originated within 2.5 kilometers beneath the northern edifice of Bulusan Volcano.

Meanwhile, Phivolcs noted that degassing activity from the summit crater and active vents has been ‘very weak to moderate,’ while volcanic sulfur dioxide emission has remained at low levels and averaged 75 tons/day as of April 9.

‘The increase in volcanic earthquake activity could indicate shallow hydrothermal processes beneath the volcano which could lead to steam-driven or phreatic eruptions at any of its summit vents,’ Phivolcs said.

With this, Phivolcs said Alert Level 1 or low-level unrest remains raised over Bulusan Volcano, with increased seismic activity signaling increased chances of phreatic eruptions from any of its summit vents.

Under this alert level, entry into the 4-kilometer radius permanent danger zone is prohibited, while the public is urged to exercise vigilance in the 2-kilometer extended danger zone in the southeast sector due to the possible impacts of volcanic hazards such as pyroclastic density currents or PDCs, ballistic projectiles, rockfall, avalanches, ashfall and others on these danger areas.

‘Communities west and downwind of the volcano are also advised to prepare for ashfall in case a phreatic eruption occurs, paying special attention to vulnerable members of the community including the elderly, expecting mothers, infants, and those with medical conditions,’ Phivolcs added.

People living within valleys and along river stream channels especially on the western sectors of the edifice, on the other hand, were told to be vigilant against sediment-laden stream flows and lahars in the event of heavy and prolonged rainfall should phreatic eruption occur.

Furthermore, Phivolcs also called on civil aviation authorities to advise pilots to avoid flying close to the volcano’s summit as ash from any sudden phreatic eruption can be hazardous to aircraft.

Cebu Landmasters unveils P1.99-B Radisson RED

Cebu Landmasters Inc. (CLI) has expanded its hospitality footprint with the opening of Radisson RED Cebu Mandaue, marking the brand’s debut in the Philippines.

In a disclosure on Wednesday, CLI said the P1.99-billion development, operated through CLI Hotels and Resorts, introduces a lifestyle-focused hotel concept to Cebu while strengthening the company’s push to grow its recurring income base.

‘Bringing Radisson RED to Cebu marks the entry of a globally recognized brand into a market with strong and growing demand,’ said Mathias Bergundthal, first vice president for CLI Hotels and Resorts.

‘This reflects our focus on well located, thoughtfully designed developments that respond to evolving and diverse travel and lifestyle needs,’ Bergundthal said.

The 144-key hotel is located within Astra Centre, CLI’s mixed-use development along AS Fortuna Street in Mandaue City. It offers direct access to key business hubs such as Cebu IT Park and Cebu Business Park as well as Mactan-Cebu International Airport.

Cebuano-inspired

CLI said the project caters to both business and leisure travelers, with rooms featuring Cebuano-inspired contemporary design and practical amenities like high-speed connectivity and streaming-enabled TVs.

The hotel also features a range of lifestyle amenities, including OUIBAR+KTCHN, a Mediterranean-inspired restaurant, RED Deli for Asian takeaway and The RED Deck, a poolside bar.

Other facilities include a 24-hour fitness center, spa, swimming pool and flexible event spaces such as The Studio, The Loft and the RED Room.

Radisson RED Cebu Mandaue is CLI’s fifth operational hotel, joining Citadines Cebu City, lyf Cebu City, The Pad Co-Living and Citadines Bacolod City.

The launch supports CLI’s strategy to diversify beyond residential projects by expanding its hospitality portfolio.

The company currently has 10 hotel projects with 1,719 keys, of which 827 rooms are operational.

CLI said it continues to see opportunities in Visayas and Mindanao, with upcoming developments including Mercure Cebu Downtown and Citadines Paragon Davao.

Keeping the lights on: PCCI backs lifting of moratorium on new coal power plants

The Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCI) threw its support behind the possible lifting of the moratorium on new coal-fired power plants, which it said could be an ‘essential bridge’ to keep businesses running amid the energy crisis.

‘Our economy cannot run on uncertainty,’ PCCI president Ferdinand Ferrer said in a statement on Wednesday.

‘While the transition to renewable energy remains our long-term goal, our immediate priority must be the stability and affordability of our power grid.’

This comes after Energy Secretary Sharon Garin said the Department of Energy is open to revisiting the 2020 ban, particularly amid surging fuel prices amid tensions in the Middle East, which had prompted the Philippines to declare an energy emergency.

‘Pragmatic solution’

PCCI, the country’s largest business group, said the move could serve as a ‘temporary and pragmatic’ step to stabilize supply, even as the country continues to scale up renewable energy capacity.

Any policy shift, it added, should not derail long-term clean energy goals but instead act as a bridge to address immediate needs.

‘This is not about choosing between coal and renewables, it is about ensuring the lights stay on, businesses remain competitive and households are protected from rising costs,’ said David Chua, director for energy at PCCI.

Call for ‘policy flexibility’

PCCI cited three key pressures behind the need for policy flexibility: the need for steady baseload power as manufacturing expands; persistently high electricity rates that blunt competitiveness; and exposure to swings in global oil and gas prices.

As such, the group said any new coal capacity should use high-efficiency technologies and form part of a broader transition plan.

It also urged the government to expand natural gas and liquefied natural gas, while accelerating renewables, energy storage and grid modernization.

‘We must be flexible enough to adapt our policies to the realities of 2026,’ Ferrer said. ‘Lifting this moratorium provides the essential bridge we need to keep the lights on and the factories running while we continue to build our renewable capacity.’

Flood mess: Revilla could be freed on bail without Bernardo’s testimony

The testimony of the lead witness and former Public Works undersecretary Roberto Bernardo is needed to block the bid for temporary freedom of former Senator Ramon ‘Bong’ Revilla Jr.

Associate Justice Karl Miranda, the chairman of the anti-graft court’s Third Division, stressed the importance of Bernardo’s testimony during the bail hearing for Revilla’s malversation case and those of several co-accused.

Previous witness testimonies cited Bernardo as the one who informed them that Revilla allegedly received a 30-percent ‘commitment’ for the P92.8 million flood control project in this case, which was found to have no visible structures.

Bernardo was supposed to take the witness stand this Thursday, but he skipped today’s proceeding as prosecutors informed the court that he was hospitalized on Wednesday.

Revilla already posted P90,000 bail on the graft charge, but he remains in jail due to malversation, which is non-bailable. In such cases, the accused may be granted bail only if, after a hearing, the prosecution fails to prove that the evidence of guilt is strong.

Miranda said that without Bernardo’s testimony, ‘there will now be a question as to the strength of your evidence.’

‘If we are going to establish that the evidence of guilt is strong, we need to present Undersecretary Bernardo,’ Deputy Special Prosecutor Omar Sagadal told the court.

‘He will be presented to prove that the evidence of guilt is strong,’ Sagadal also said.

On Wednesday, the Third Division ordered Dr. Warlin Basuel, Medical Officer IV of the Sandiganbayan, to verify Bernardo’s condition.

The medical certificate states that Bernardo ‘is suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis, follicular pharyngitis, and acute bronchitis and is currently being treated at the Asian Hospital and Medical Center’ and that he would need bed rest for five days.

Reporting his findings in court, Basuel said Bernardo had a cough, while noting that he had sinus surgery in December last year.

‘You’re saying that he’s not malingering, he’s not feigning physical symptoms of illness?’ Miranda asked.

‘In my observation, he’s really suffering from a cough,’ Basuel said.

However, Basuel noted that Bernardo expressed willingness to testify on Friday.

Basuel was ordered by the court to issue a final recommendation regarding Bernardo’s condition by the end of the day.

This recommendation will be used as a basis for the court to determine whether it will allow Bernardo to skip Friday’s proceeding, which is the final hearing on the bail petition.

Ombudsman secures court order keeping Romualdez in PH

The Sandiganbayan on Wednesday issued a precautionary hold departure order (PHDO) against former Speaker Martin Romualdez, a travel restriction sought by the Ombudsman in connection with the case it is preparing against the lawmaker and several others being linked to the flood control corruption scandal.

The anti-graft court’s Seventh Division granted a petition filed earlier that day by the Office of the Ombudsman through a special panel of investigators, who said Romualdez ‘presents an exceptionally high probability of flight.’

The investigators, led by Deputy Special Prosecutor Omar Sagadal, said they had already made a preliminary finding of probable cause against Romualdez for plunder, direct and indirect bribery, and money laundering.

‘Evade arrest’

‘The complaint-affidavit involves the alleged kickback scheme tied to flood control projects, purportedly masterminded by the respondent (Romualdez), with the total amount of such kickbacks reaching approximately [P56 billion],’ they said in their petition dated April 20.

In the PHDO it issued, the Seventh Division said it found probable cause ‘to believe that respondent will depart from the Philippines to evade arrest and prosecution of crime/s being charged against him.’

The court ordered the Bureau of Immigration to include Romualdez in its hold-departure list.

The Leyte congressman, who is also a cousin of President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., earlier sought clearance from the House leadership to be in Singapore from April 20 to May 4 ‘for a long overdue follow-up on my angioplasty surgery.’

Speaker Faustino ‘Bojie’ Dy III granted his predecessor’s request for a travel clearance on Tuesday.

‘Other people’s corruption’

On the same day, however, Ombudsman Jesus Crispin Remulla held a press conference to say he was blocking Romualdez’s overseas trip.

Remulla also disclosed that his office had taken initial steps to secure a freeze order on the former Speaker’s assets, and that a plunder complaint may be filed against him in May.

Later in the day, Romualdez released a video defending himself against allegations implicating him in the public works mess and in the controversial insertions made in the 2025 national budget.

‘I will not be the fall guy for other people’s corruption,’ said Romualdez, who stepped down two months into his second term as speaker in the current 20th Congress, after he was dragged into the corruption scandal.

He stressed that he was not part of the bicameral conference committee or the ‘small committee’ that introduced changes to the budget bill.

The insertions, he said, were decided by Sen. Francis ‘Chiz’ Escudero, then Senate President, and former Ako Bicol Rep. Elizaldy ‘Zaldy’ Co, then House appropriations chair.

Also on Wednesday, Sen. Panfilo Lacson said Romualdez should have appeared before the Senate during its inquiry into the flood control projects.

Lacson, who heads the Senate blue ribbon committee, said the former House leader should have ‘heeded [our] invitations’ to attend the panel’s hearings, especially after Co, in a series of video recordings in November last year, claimed that Romualdez took part in ‘mangling’ the 2025 budget.

No ‘modus’ in Senate

Sen. JV Ejercito also on Wednesday noted that the ‘modus of selling [infrastructure] projects’ was prevalent among ‘contractors’ – a portmanteau of congressmen and contractors.

There is no way the Senate could ‘gain’ from this scheme, Ejercito said. ‘It’s not that I’m defending the Senate, but you’ll never hear about that here [in this chamber].’

‘I hope those involved will be held accountable,’ the senator said.

A former member of the chamber, Ramon ‘Bong’ Revilla Jr., is currently detained over graft and malversation charges in connection with the flood works mess. The former senator and two others had also been implicated in the 2013 pork barrel scandal.

‘Might doesn’t make right’

The United States and Israel’s attacks on Iran have now embroiled the entire Middle East in a war characterized by the use of large quantities of missiles and drones.

Like Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, the United States and Israel are using naked force to push ahead with their own political agendas. The law-of-the-jungle aphorism of ‘might makes right’ seems to be sweeping across the world. Does this mean that the world has entered an era in which military power alone holds sway?

I don’t think so. When observing the two wars, doubts arise about whether military power is actually helping to achieve the goals. Both wars were launched to attain political objectives in a short period of time, but things are not going as desired by those countries.

The US and Israel seem to have established air superiority over Iran just a few days into their offensive. Nonetheless, Iran has not surrendered and is instead continuously staging counterattacks on other Middle Eastern countries that host US military bases.

Moreover, Iran has declared a closure of the Strait of Hormuz, taking bold steps to choke off supplies from the Gulf area to the rest of the world, and the United States has been unable to take any effective countermeasures against this.

In other words, these two wars show that no matter how overwhelming the difference in military power between the two sides is, it is not so easy to force an opposing country that resolutely resists to accept political demands in a short period of time, let alone force it to ‘unconditionally surrender.’

There are several factors that make it difficult to accomplish political objectives through destructive physical force or threats.

The first factor is the opposing country’s firm resolve not to yield. Ukraine, for instance, has maintained its resolute stance not to capitulate to Russia’s unjustifiable demands, in spite of the US’ calls for a ceasefire. In Iran, the Israeli intelligence agency apparently expected to see moves to topple its leadership from within emerge right after the beginning of the US-Israeli attacks, but no such thing has happened, even after the killing of many leaders.

Second, international norms regarding military action during conflicts are still in effect to a certain degree, although they have been weakened. Nevertheless, no countries have publicly declared their intention to kill civilians in large numbers, and situations like the indiscriminate air raids in World War II have been avoided so far.

Third, the asymmetry of the weapons and tactics used in modern warfare is also significant. Even if a country cannot defeat an attacker using the same types of weapons or tactics, it may still be able to counter them by employing different types of weapons or tactics. If Iran says it will lay inexpensive mines to block the Strait of Hormuz, ship operators will inevitably hesitate to travel through the waterway even if there are not a large number of mines.

Fourth, global economic interdependence reduces the use of destructive force and mitigates the impact of intimidation. The interdependence of the global economy is complex. Even if there are no deep economic ties with a hostile nation, a country that takes military action will face various economic repercussions.

The US itself is hardly dependent on Middle Eastern crude oil, but Iran’s counterattacks on other Gulf nations and the Islamic Republic’s closure of the Strait of Hormuz have sent Middle Eastern crude oil prices soaring.

A spike in energy prices leads to spiraling prices for other products and supply constraints. Stock markets react to concerns about these situations, fluctuating wildly as people get excited or discouraged regarding the course of the war. If the closure of the Strait of Hormuz is prolonged, the situation could bring about a crisis far more serious for the global economy than the oil crises of the 1970s.

The outbreak of the war in Ukraine and that in the Middle East has worsened the circumstances of all the countries involved. In short, military power doesn’t help achieve political objectives.

Needless to say, it isn’t easy to end a war once it starts, since nations, too, don’t always act rationally. However, the continuation of the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East will bring nothing but harm to not only the countries directly involved but also the entire world.

The most rational choice in both wars is first and foremost to achieve a ceasefire. It is crucial to persuade the countries directly involved of this. The Japan News/Asia News Network

Akihiko Tanaka is president of the Japan International Cooperation Agency, a post he took up in April 2022 for the second time after his first stint from 2012 to 2015. He also served as vice president of the University of Tokyo from 2009 to 2012. He was president of the Tokyo-based National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies from 2017 to March 2022.

The Philippine Daily Inquirer is a member of the Asia News Network, an alliance of 22 media titles in the region.

Oriental Mindoro youth set up community pantry to aid PUV drivers

Amid rising fuel costs and mounting economic pressure, youth volunteers in this province have launched a relief drive for public utility vehicle (PUV) drivers while pushing for long-term agricultural reforms.

On April 22, the Kilos Ko Youth (KY)-Oriental Mindoro chapter led a ‘TODA Rescue’ initiative in Barangay Camilmil here, setting up a community pantry that distributed fresh vegetables and food packs to local drivers.

Organizers said the activity was meant to support a sector heavily affected by fuel price hikes and declining income, while promoting a spirit of community solidarity.

The Calapan effort formed part of a broader nationwide campaign, with similar ‘TODA Rescue’ drives held by KY chapters in cities such as Baguio, Quezon City, and Pasig.

The local initiative drew support from residents through donations, as well as assistance from the national KY network and the office of Sen. Francis ‘Kiko’ Pangilinan. Volunteers from the Boy Scouts of the Philippines-Oriental Mindoro and students from Divine Word College of Calapan also joined the activity.

Beyond relief operations, the group is advocating for the localized implementation of the Sagip Saka Act, particularly in municipalities like Bansud, to strengthen support for farmers.

The law aims to link farmers directly with government and private buyers, helping improve their income and market access.

KY-Oriental Mindoro said its efforts seek to bridge urban and rural sectors by addressing both immediate needs and long-term development, highlighting the role of youth in community-driven solutions.

Globe buys back $426M perpetual securities

Globe Telecom Inc. bought back $426.42 million worth of its dollar-denominated perpetual capital securities following its tender offer, which formed part of its liability management program.

In a disclosure on Thursday, the Ayala-backed telco said the accepted tenders represented majority of the $600 million senior perpetual capital securities issued in 2021.

After the offer expired on April 22, about $173.58 million in principal amount of the securities would remain outstanding, Globe said.

Settlement of the accepted securities is expected by April 24.

This buyback comes as the company moves closer to redeeming the remaining balance of equity instruments, which carry an initial distribution rate of 4.2 percent.