Metro Manila air quality ‘still not normal’ due to Navotas landfill fire – PhilSA

Nearly two weeks after a landfill fire started in Navotas City, the Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA) said air quality in Metro Manila ‘has not returned to normal levels.’

PhilSA cited Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) data showing ‘smoldering conditions’ as of April 23. It also said nitrogen dioxide concentrations over Metro Manila remain higher than on April 6, before the fire broke out.

Nitrogen dioxide is a pollutant produced by burning and is a component of smoke.

The US Environmental Protection Agency said breathing air with high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide can irritate airways in the respiratory system.

It said short-term exposure can aggravate respiratory diseases such as asthma, leading to symptoms including coughing, wheezing or difficulty breathing, as well as hospital admissions and emergency room visits.

Long-term exposure to elevated concentrations may contribute to the development of asthma and potentially increase susceptibility to respiratory infections. People with asthma, as well as children and older adults, are generally at greater risk for the health effects of nitrogen dioxide.

PhilSA said the estimated smoke extent covered Metro Manila and surrounding provinces at 8:45 a.m. on April 23.

Its map indicates nitrogen dioxide concentrations, with darker red colors indicating higher levels.

PhilSA, however, said nitrogen dioxide levels generally decrease throughout the day.

It said this pattern, called a diurnal cycle, may be attributed to atmospheric processes such as easterlies, sea breeze and land breeze, and the dissolution of the inversion layer.

Top of Form

Bottom of Form

This is why observations are limited to 8:45 a.m. for daily comparison.

MasterChef unveils 10 contestants for MasterChef Nigeria, to crown winner with N73 million prize

The kitchen is set, the stakes are high, and the journey to culinary greatness is about to begin for the ten diverse home cooks competing for a staggering ?73 million prize on MasterChef Nigeria.

Not only will this dynamic mix of contestants from across the country showcase their passion for food and exceptional talent on the life-changing cooking show, but they will also make television history as the first-ever group vying for the coveted MasterChef Nigeria title.

The much-anticipated inaugural season of MasterChef Nigeria, the local adaptation of the world’s most renowned television cooking competition format, will premiere exclusively on Africa Magic Showcase and Africa Magic Family on Sunday, 26 April at 7 p.m.

Although united by a shared ambition to shine on the country’s biggest new culinary stage, these ten home cooks bring a tapestry of backgrounds, perspectives, and lived experiences to the kitchen – each shaped by personal journeys that influence how they cook, create, and connect through food, while also showcasing Nigeria’s richness and gastronomic heritage.

The contestants are David Emmanuel, 24, from Magboro, a content creator whose humility and determination are shaping an extraordinary culinary journey; Demi Akingbe, from 30, Ikoyi, an entrepreneur and food content creator; Derry Nnonyelu, 29, from Ikeja, a finance admin coordinator whose passion for food is rooted in heritage and fuelled by ambition; and Fads Segun, 29, from Lagos, a renewable energy expert whose cooking style is modern and health-conscious.

Others include Favy Bessan, 26, from Shomolu, a content strategist whose cuisine reflects her fearless, imaginative, and deeply driven character; Isabella Adediji, 39, from Ikeja, a managing director and seasoned media personality; Loye Oyedotun, 31, from Abuja, a corporate lawyer who cooks with confidence, and Margaret Akpan, 42, Lagos, a domestic staff member grounded in tradition, driven by purpose, and inspired to uplift others through soulful food.

The rest are Pearl Agbajem, from 30, Lekki, a cloud kitchen manager cooking towards a brighter future with love and resilience; and Preye Fadase, 34, Lagos, an entrepreneur and food vendor whose vision, discipline, and deep respect for tradition turn everyday food into memorable experiences.

As these home cooks step into the iconic MasterChef kitchen, they will face high-pressure tasks designed to test not only their cooking skills but also their resilience, innovation, and ability to rise above the heat. Their creations will be evaluated by esteemed judges Chef Eros and Chef Stone.

With its unique blend of compelling storytelling, passionate participants, and culinary excellence, MasterChef Nigeria is poised to redefine food-focused television entertainment in the country.

This world-class production from the Primedia Group is backed by prominent Nigerian brands, including headline sponsor Power Oil, alongside Indomie, Dano Milk, Malta Guinness, Sonia Tomato, Kiara Rice, Golden Penny Flour, Golden Penny Sugar, Golden Penny Garri, Golden Penny Semolina, Golden Penny Chocolate Spread, and Golden Penny Wheat.

NCC orders airtime credits for poor network service

The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) says telecom operators will compensate subscribers for poor network quality through airtime credits under a strengthened regulatory enforcement framework nationwide.

According to the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN), the measure is part of renewed efforts to improve service delivery, protect consumers, and hold operators accountable for persistent lapses in network performance across the country.

The Executive Vice Chairman, Dr Aminu Maida, disclosed this during a media breakfast meeting on Thursday, outlining the commission’s latest compliance and enforcement strategies.

Maida said the compensation directive followed verified failures by operators to meet established minimum quality of service standards in several locations.

‘It is not a refund from the regulator but a compliance obligation placed on service providers,’ he said, stressing operators must bear full responsibility.

He explained that the framework relies on detailed monitoring at local government level, enabling the commission to pinpoint exact areas and periods of poor service.

This granular approach, he said, allows regulators to move beyond general complaints and focus on measurable, location-specific service deficiencies affecting subscribers.

According to him, the compensation specifically covers service failures recorded between November 2025 and January 2026 across multiple network providers.

‘Eligible subscribers will receive airtime credits with notifications explaining the cause and value of the compensation,’ he said.

He added that notifications would improve transparency and help users understand why compensation was applied to their accounts.

Maida noted the commission has significantly strengthened its monitoring systems to capture real-time, location-specific service performance data.

‘These systems ensure enforcement reflects actual user experience rather than generalised industry averages,’ he said, highlighting improved regulatory precision.

He added that operators are required to implement the compensation directly, while the NCC provides oversight to ensure compliance.

‘Independent checks will confirm that affected subscribers are properly credited,’ he said, noting sanctions for non-compliance may follow.

Maida said the initiative formed part of broader reforms aimed at improving accountability and service standards within the telecommunications sector.

‘Operators failing to meet obligations will face stricter enforcement measures,’ he warned, signalling tougher regulatory action ahead.

He stressed that improving service quality required both sustained infrastructure investment and stronger operational discipline by network providers.

‘Service providers must maintain performance standards consistently across all regions, including underserved and rural areas,’ he said.

Maida reiterated the NCC’s commitment to balancing consumer protection with industry sustainability and long-term sector growth.

‘Operators must take responsibility for the quality of experience delivered to subscribers,’ he said, urging greater corporate accountability.

He added that the commission remained committed to ensuring Nigerians received value for money spent on telecom services nationwide.

‘Persistent poor service quality is no longer acceptable under current regulatory direction,’ he said, emphasising zero tolerance for continued lapses.

Bataan, Gensan gain share of MPBL lead

Bataan and Gensan cruised to victories on Thursday and shared top spot in the SportsPlus MPBL (Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League) 2026 Season at the Orion Sports Complex in Bataan.

The Bataan Risers led throughout and trounced the Bulacan Kuyas, 102-68, in the nightcap to keep in step with the Gensan Warriors, who banked on a scoring binge to batter the Marikina Shoemasters, 81-64, in the opener.

The Risers and the Warriors posted their third straight win, matching the record of the Caloocan Batang Kankaloo in the round-robin elimination phase of the two-division, 28-team tournament.

Egged on by the hometown crowd, the Risers pulled away, 73-45, after three quarters and padded the lead as far as 102-64 in the homestretch.

Homegrown Yves Sazon posted 19 points and four rebounds; Mitchelle Maynes 11 points and four rebounds; Alex Ramos nine points and two rebounds; and Dante Paguio and Chris Javier eight points each. Dinalupihan Councilor Gary David, Alfred Roces and Edrian Ramirez joined the offensive onslaught with seven points each.

Bulacan tumbled to 1-2 despite Andrei Acop and Jeremy Cruz splitting 34 points, and Kent Montalvo notching 13 points and six rebounds.

Marikina surged ahead, 15-4, but Gensan countered with a crippling 26-2 run bridging the second and third quarters to take control, 30-17, and never let go.

Gensan’s Anton Eusebio pumped in seven of his 16 points in that breakaway, followed by Jeepy Faundo with five points and Marwin Dionisio with four points.

The 6-foot-5 Eusebio, a Filipino-Canadian winger from the College of St. Benilde Blazers, added seven rebounds and two assists to clinch Best Player honors over Kris Porter, who finished with 17 points and two rebounds.

Other Warriors who delivered were Marwin Dionisio with nine points, nine rebounds and two assists; Nelo Santos with nine points and four rebounds; and Val Accuna with nine points – all from triples – and four rebounds.

Marikina Bigz Burger, which absorbed its first loss in three games, got 23 points from Deo Timajo; nine points, four rebounds and two assists from Vince Andrei Sarmiento; eight points, six rebounds and two steals from Jethro Escoto; and seven points, five rebounds and two assists from Louie Vigil.

Manila Batang Quiapo bested Bacolod Masskara, 73-67, in the second game to tie its victim at 1-2.

John Ashley Faa paced Manila with 20 points, seven rebounds, three assists and three steals, followed by Alfred Sedillo with 17 points, six rebounds and three blocks; and Decoy Lopez with 10 points, five rebounds and three assists.

Bacolod drew 16 points and 11 rebounds from Hance Lleva; 17 points, six assists and 3 rebounds from Ian Melencio; and 10 points plus 11 rebounds from Emman Galman.

The tournament visits the Paco Arena in Manila on Friday, featuring games between Valenzuela and Sarangani at 4 p.m.; Iloilo against Zamboanga at 6 p.m.; and Negros against Binan at 8 p.m

MMA makes national sports festival debut following breakthrough at police games

The Biennial Police Games (BIPOGA) has recorded a major milestone with Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) making its debut at the National Sports Festival (NSF), marking its first significant national sporting impact.

The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the development followed a strong showing at the 15th edition of the BIPOGA Games held in Asaba, Delta State, from February 14 to 21, 2026. The event is being viewed as a turning point in the recognition of MMA as a competitive sport in Nigeria.

CSP Kalu Chijioke Erem, a board member of the Nigeria Mixed Martial Arts Federation (NMMAF), attributed the progress to the efforts of the Nigeria Police Force and other security agencies in strengthening MMA governance across the country.

According to him, the sport’s rising profile reflects deliberate institutional backing and sustained commitment from the police.

‘The attention, visibility, and momentum MMA enjoys in Nigeria stem from the influence and credibility of the Nigerian Police Force,’ he said.

He explained that MMA, which featured as a demonstration sport during the 14th BIPOGA edition in Ibadan, Oyo State, was elevated to a fully recognized scoring sport for the first time at the 15th edition in Asaba in 2026.

‘The impact of the last Police Games on the development of the sport in Nigeria is significant.

‘Our goal was to transform MMA from a fringe activity into a structured, regulated, and globally competitive sport,’ he said.

NAN reports that the Nigeria Police Force boosted MMA growth by establishing its MMA Association, chaired by Chijioke, and sanctioning the sport after a demonstration in Ibadan, 14th BIPOGA.

Chijioke said that the Force also funded national championships, produced globally competitive athletes, and secured the Inspector-General of Police’s endorsement to legitimize MMA.

‘Institutional backing has been critical in building credibility, attracting talent, and positioning Nigeria on the global MMA stage.

‘The former Inspector-General of Police, Kayode Egbetokun, described the initiative as ‘visionary leadership in combat sports development.’

‘Police athletes Juliet Chukwu, Juliet Ukah, and Ewah Bernard have gained global visibility, bringing pride to the Nigeria Police Force and Nigeria.

‘These athletes embody our vision, demonstrating discipline, excellence, and national pride through MMA,’ he said.

Chijioke added that Nigerians should expect more exceptional outings from the Present NPF management team under the leadership of one of the most decorated Sports Inspector General of Police, IGP Olatunji Rilwan Disu.

Council holds stakeholders’ meeting on sanitation

The Chairman of Ejigbo Local Council Development Area (LCDA), Aare Taoheed Adebayo Taiwo (T.A.T), has convened a Stakeholders’ Engagement on the sensitisation and advocacy programme for the reintroduced Monthly Environmental Sanitation Exercise, alongside the presentation of official vehicles to political office holders, departments, and security agencies.

The event, held at the Council Secretariat, witnessed an impressive turnout of stakeholders including All Progressives Congress (APC) chieftains, religious and community leaders, and market representatives among others.

The chairman gave an account of his stewardship, affirming that his administration remains firmly anchored on the S.H.I.E.E.L.D Governance Agenda, in alignment with the Renewed Hope Agenda of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu.

He noted that the visible achievements recorded since inception into duty are largely driven by improved federal allocation to local governments, which has further enabled impactful grassroots development and the delivery of meaningful dividends of democracy.

Speaking on the significance of the procured vehicles, Aare Taiwo described the distribution as a deliberate step toward strengthening governance and improving service delivery within the council, in line with the S.H.I.E.E.L.D Governance Agenda.

He explained that the vehicles allocated to the Vice Chairman and members of the Legislative Council will enhance their capacity to serve the people more effectively.

He added that the fleet of revenue buses provided to revenue officers is expected to boost operational efficiency and improve revenue generation, thereby reinforcing the Local Economy component of the agenda.

The Chairman stated that the patrol van presented to the Divisional Police Officer of Ejigbo is aimed at strengthening the security architecture of the LCDA, ensuring rapid response and sustained safety, in line with the Security pillar of the S.H.I.E.E.L.D framework.

Also, the Environmental Services Department delivered a comprehensive sensitization lecture on the reintroduced Monthly Environmental Sanitation Exercise. The department emphasised the critical role of environmental sanitation in promoting public health and sustainable living, noting that the exercise scheduled for the last Saturday of every month is designed to tackle challenges such as indiscriminate waste disposal, blocked drainage systems, flooding, and disease outbreaks.

The Council Manager, Mr. Olusegun Ajagunna, presented essential tools to support the sanitation exercise. The items distributed included shovels, brooms, grass cutters, baskets, and a blower, among others.

Ajagunna announced that the Chairman has approved the recruitment of an additional 40 sweepers to complement the 60 earlier engaged upon his assumption of office, a strategic move to strengthen sanitation operations and ensure effective environmental maintenance across the LCDA.

Plateau Killings: Trial Stalled As Suspects Fail To Produce Counsel

The trial of five suspected attackers of the Angwan Rukuba community of Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State on Palm Sunday was stalled on Thursday due to the failure of the suspects to produce a counsel.

As a result, the case has been adjourned to 30th April, 2026, to enable the suspects to produce a counsel and so that they can also take their plea.

The attack killed over 20 people, and thereafter, investigations commenced, thereby leading to the arrest of the suspects.

At the court, Solicitor General of Plateau State, Joel Tagven, requested that the defendants should be remanded in the Department of State Security (DSS) custody for them to continue their investigation.

‘The proceedings for today ought to have been the taking of the plea of the defendants, but could not hold due to the fact that they were not represented by counsel,’ he said.

Arrested suspects are innocent – Families, traders

Relatives and business associates of four suspects arrested by the Department of State Services over the March 28 killings in Angwan Rukuba have denied their involvement, describing the allegations as false and damaging.

The suspects-Isa Umar Ibrahim, Auwalu Abubakar, Musa Abubakar Ibrahim, and Adamu Isa Alhassan-were arrested between April 3 and 10, 2026, and charged with criminal conspiracy to commit terrorism under the Plateau State Penal Code.

However, at a press conference in Jos, relatives maintained that the accused are traders who conduct their daily business at Farin Gada Market and have no links to the attack.

Mika’ilu Muhammad, speaking on behalf of Musa Abubakar Ibrahim, said DSS operatives searched his brother’s home thoroughly but found no weapons or incriminating evidence.

Similarly, Abubakar Umar Ibrahim, younger brother of Adamu Isa Alhassan, said his sibling was arrested at the market and later taken home, where property was damaged during a search that yielded nothing.

Jamilu Musa, a relative of Auwalu Abubakar, also said security operatives found no evidence during a search of his house and denied the family access to him after his arrest.

Adding weight to the claims, Ibrahim Baffa, Deputy Chairman of the cabbage section at Farin Gada Market, described the suspects as long-standing members known for peaceful conduct.

He further claimed that one of the suspects helped rescue eight Christian women during the crisis and handed them over to soldiers.

N33bn ‘Fraud’: Ex-Power Minister, Mamman, Knows Fate June 9

A Federal High Court sitting in Maitama, Abuja, has fixed June 9, 2026, for ruling in the trial of the former Minister of Power, Saleh Mamman, over alleged fraud.

Mamman, who declared his governorship bid for Taraba State a few days ago, is being prosecuted by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) on a 12-count charge before Justice James Omotosho.

Daily Trust reports that the charges border on conspiracy to commit money laundering to the tune of N33,804,830,503.73.

During the court proceedings on Thursday, Mamman’s counsel, Femi Atteh, explained that he filed his final written address on behalf of the defendant on April 1, 2026, and urged the court to discharge and acquit Mamman.

But in his response, the prosecution counsel, Rotimi Oyedepo, urged the court to convict the defendant on all 12-count charges.

‘Your lordship, what is important is the fact that funds left a particular government account and went to a BDC (Bureau de Change) account.

‘The BDC came before my lord to say that it received this money. The BDC went ahead to tell your lordship how he was carrying money to the defendant’s house.

‘The boy, who was working with the defendant, also came to testify how he was receiving some of these monies on the instruction of the defendant.

‘How else is the prosecution supposed to prove this matter? The evidence before your lordship is clear,’ he said.

The prosecution counsel, therefore, urged the court to discountenance the submission of the defence and convict the defendant accordingly.

After the duo’s argument, Justice Omotosho adjourned the matter till June 9, 2026, for judgment.

Dear pilgrim to Makkah!’

Are you going on Hajj? Do you plan to put on the Ihram in one of the designated places, otherwise known as Miqaat? Are you looking forward to entering the Sacred Mosque (Al-Haram) in Makkah and performing the Tawaf (circumambulation) round the Ka’aba? Do you plan to go out of your abode in Makkah on the 7th and 8th of the month of Dhul Hajj in order to camp in Mina? Do you plan to camp on Mount Arafah on the 9th of Dhul Hijjah in order to relive the day on which the Prophet delivered that memorable speech? Do you plan to experience, ahead of time, the day of resurrection when humanity, ‘white’, ‘black’, ‘yellow’, ‘red’, rich and poor would stand in front of Allah, in nudity, to account for their actions, inactions, deeds and misdeeds while on earth?

If your response to the above is yes, then it would be useful for both you and me to prepare as follows for the journey to Saudi Arabia. In the first instance, the Prophet (upon him be peace and blessings of Allah) admonishes us that before we embark on journeys the like of which you now intend, we should pause and consider the possibility that the journey could be the last one on earth for us and, by implication, the beginning of the eternal one to the Almighty. Thus, an intending pilgrim should repent of all sins she has committed before stepping inside the aircraft. If the sin is an infraction against the injunction of Allah, a sin you committed and about which only Allah is a witness (and Allah is enough a witness over His creatures), you seek His forgiveness, regret deeply for the error and enter a covenant with your Creator on your resolve, should He preserve your life till you return from Hajj, that you would not travel that same heinous path again.

Now, if the sin you committed is against a fellow human being, perhaps it is a sin against your parents, your co-worker, your neighbour, then you have two pathways to follow. First, if the sin has to do with the honour (‘ird) of the person in question, you should seek the latter’s forgiveness in person before you begin to seek the forgiveness of your Creator. Now, if the sin has to do with something physical, perhaps it’s money you unjustly appropriated or something that you know does not belong to you, you have to return the thing to its owner, seek his forgiveness and thereafter, seek the redemption of your Creator. You should do all these because your Hajj would likely be invalid while somebody’s property is unjustly under your care. You should not embark on a spiritual journey to Makkah while your soul is enshackled by the iniquitous acquisition of worldly properties and gains.

Having said the above, it needs no emphasis to state that the hajj rites that would be accepted by Almighty from His servants are the ones that are performed with lawful means. In other words, a governor who diverts public funds into providing Hajj seats to some Muslims with the intention to maintain their political patronage would suffer double jeopardy. He would be held to account for bad governance of the state under his watch; he would equally be held to account for transacting in spiritual corruption.

Once you are done with this, the next thing for you to do is to write your will. The Prophet says: ‘It is the duty of a Muslim who has anything to bequeath not to let two nights pass without writing a Will about it.

Brethren, going to Hajj presupposes that you are prepared to be tested by Allah. In other words, even though Hajj means the embarkation on the best spiritual journey for the Muslims, it is equally, and quite ironically, the greatest platform upon which our claims as Muslims, our posturing as servants of the Almighty, can come under the greatest test and scrutiny. Thus, while packing your luggage, do not forget to include patience and perseverance; as you are stepping on the airplane, do not forget your coat of piety and sacrifice. Brethren, was it not in paradise that Prophet Adam and Hawa (Upon them be peace) were tested? If you are given to quarrel, if you are the type who always wants people to say sorry to him when he is stepped upon, if you are highly irascible and very temperamental, then you have to re-read your resolve to embark on the journey to Makkah and Madinah. Hajj is the only journey on earth that provides humans with the greatest opportunity to be successful here and in the hereafter. Thus, much care is necessary so that the opportunity may be maximised.

Dear pilgrim, constantly keep in mind that the Hajj exercise is first and foremost a spiritual assignment; it is not for tourism. Avoid the temptation, therefore, to turn your tawaf, sa’y between Safa and Marwa, and the standing on Arafah into tourist exercises. Avoid the temptation to engage in frivolities. Bear this the importance of these rites so that you may have the full measure of their treasures. Again, bear this in mind that this may be the last time you will have the chance to visit the Ka’aba. Remember to pray for your country, Nigeria. May your supplications and ours be accepted.

Gombe Varsity Unveils Book On Ex-VC Pate’s Leadership, Institutional Reforms

The Federal University Kashere (FUK), Gombe State, has unveiled a book documenting the leadership journey, academic contributions and institutional reforms of its immediate past Vice-Chancellor, Prof. Umaru Pate.

The publication, titled ‘Umaru Pate: An Icon of Visionary Leadership, Knowledge, Transformation and Impactful Change,’ was presented in Abuja yesterday, drawing academics, policymakers and stakeholders from Nigeria’s education and media sectors.

Speaking at the event, the book’s editor and Pro-Chancellor of FUK, Prof. Williams Olu-Aderounmu, said the work was designed to preserve institutional memory and highlight models of effective leadership within the Nigerian university system.

Olu-Aderounmu described Pate as a transformational academic leader whose tenure significantly strengthened governance structures and institutional development at the university.

According to him, the 11-chapter book explores Pate’s early life, academic progression, leadership philosophy, public engagement and reform initiatives that shaped the university’s growth.

‘This book is not merely a compilation of essays. It is a carefully curated scholarly testament.

‘It is an enduring intellectual monument that captures the light, the philosophy, leadership trajectory, and transformative impact of an extraordinary academic, administrator, reformer, and nation-builder.

‘Today’s event transcends ceremonial celebration. It is fundamentally an exercise in academic documentation, institutional memory preservation, and the elevation of exemplary leadership as a subject of scholarly interrogation,’ he said.

He added that Pate’s administration recorded notable improvements in infrastructure, strengthened academic programmes, enhanced research culture and improved staff morale across the institution.

Also speaking, the Executive Secretary of the National Universities Commission (NUC), Prof. Abdullahi Ribadu, said the publication offers an opportunity to reflect on the values that defined Pate’s leadership style and professional contributions.

Ribadu noted that Pate’s influence extended beyond academia into media practice, public policy and journalism ethics, particularly in promoting responsible reporting during elections and security challenges.

He said Pate’s research contributions in media and governance helped advance peacebuilding efforts by reducing misinformation and promoting balanced reporting in sensitive national contexts.

According to him, the former vice-chancellor also played a key role in strengthening mass communication education in Nigeria through sustained engagement with regulatory frameworks, helping institutions adapt to the evolving media landscape.

Ribadu described the book as a valuable reference for scholars, administrators and emerging leaders seeking practical models of ethical and service-driven leadership in higher education.

In his remarks, Prof. Pate expressed gratitude to colleagues, mentors and collaborators, describing the recognition as a collective acknowledgement of shared efforts toward advancing scholarship and national development.

He emphasised that leadership must be anchored on transparency, credibility and service to society, while thanking the Federal Government for the opportunity to serve as vice-chancellor.

Pate also urged the university community to consolidate on existing gains and sustain the progress achieved during his tenure.