The recurring wave of xenophobic attacks against Nigerians and other African nationals in South Africa remains one of the greatest contradictions to the spirit of African unity and brotherhood. It’s disturbing that after decades of Africa’s unity to fight apartheid, citizens of fellow African countries are now being targeted, harassed and sometimes killed in South Africa simply because of their nationality.
Over years, several incidents of violence directed at Nigerians living in South Africa have been reported. Businesses owned by foreign nationals have been looted and destroyed, while innocent people have suffered physical attacks, intimidation and humiliation. Although South African authorities often condemn these attacks after they occur, the persistence of the problem raises serious concerns about whether enough is being done to stop it permanently.
The situation is particularly painful for Nigerians because of the historic relationship between both countries. Nigeria played a major role during the anti-apartheid struggle. From financial support to diplomatic pressure and scholarships for South African students, Nigeria stood firmly with the people of South Africa during their darkest years. Many Nigerians, therefore, find it difficult to understand why citizens of the same continent are now treated with hostility in a country their nation once supported so strongly.
Xenophobia is dangerous not only because of the violence it breeds, but because it threatens the larger vision of African integration. Africa cannot genuinely pursue continental unity, regional trade and free movement of people while hatred against fellow Africans continues to grow within member states. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and other integration initiatives can only succeed in an environment where Africans feel safe and respected across the continent.
To be fair, unemployment, poverty and inequality in South Africa are real challenges. Many South Africans are frustrated by rising living costs, job shortages, and social pressures. However, blaming foreign nationals for every economic difficulty is both unfair and misleading. Nigerians and other immigrants are not responsible for the structural economic problems facing South Africa. In fact, many migrants contribute positively to the economy through investments, entrepreneurship and taxes.
Sadly, politicians and populist groups sometimes exploit public frustrations by promoting anti-immigrant sentiments for political advantage. These only fuel tension and encourage mob attacks against innocent people. Leadership should calm tensions, not inflame them.
There is also the danger of stereotyping Nigerians based on the actions of a few individuals involved in criminal activities. Every society has criminals, but it becomes dangerous when crimes committed by individuals are used to stigmatise an entire nationality. Thousands of Nigerians living in South Africa are law-abiding citizens engaged in legitimate businesses, education and professional work. They deserve dignity, protection and equal treatment under the law.
The Nigerian government must also be more proactive in protecting its citizens abroad. Diplomatic engagement with South African authorities should go beyond routine condemnations after attacks occur. Stronger bilateral mechanisms are needed to ensure accountability for xenophobic violence and better protection for affected communities. Nigerians living abroad should feel confident that their country will defend their rights and safety wherever they reside.
At the same time, Nigerians abroad must continue to conduct themselves responsibly and obey the laws of their host countries. Respect for local laws and positive engagement with host communities help reduce tension and strengthen mutual trust.
The media and civil society organisations across Africa also have a role to play. Public education campaigns promoting tolerance, coexistence and African solidarity should be intensified. Young Africans must be taught that the true enemies of the continent are poverty, corruption, unemployment and poor leadership – not fellow Africans seeking better opportunities.
South Africa remains one of Africa’s most influential nations, and with such influence comes responsibility. The country must rise above violence and intolerance by promoting inclusion, justice and respect for human dignity.
Ultimately, xenophobia anywhere in Africa is a threat to Africans everywhere. Silence only normalises hatred. The time has come for African leaders, regional bodies and citizens to collectively reject xenophobia and defend the ideals of unity, peace and shared humanity upon which the continent’s future depends.