Chairman of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), Prof. Joash Amupitan, warned on Thursday that synthetic disinformation poses an existential threat to public trust and democratic stability ahead of the 2027 General Elections.
Speaking at the 22nd All Nigeria Editors Conference (ANEC) 2026, held in Enugu, the INEC Chairman urged newsroom leaders across the country to build an unyielding firewall of rigorous fact-checking and digital verification against artificial intelligence-driven deepfakes.
He also warned against media organisations rushing to publish unverified election results to be first to break the news, insisting that such publications or broadcasts can undermine public trust in the electoral process.
Represented by the Resident Electoral Commissioner for Enugu State, Dr Chukwuemeka Chukwu, the INEC Chairman also warned against media organisations publishing election results generated by political actors and posted on social media, saying such results can affect election outcomes.
Prof. Amupitan cautioned that generative AI, voice cloning, and deepfake video synthesis had democratised mass deception, enabling political saboteurs to produce photorealistic videos of election officials, cloned audio files, and doctored result sheets designed to incite public outrage and delegitimise democratic outcomes.
He stressed the need to institutionalise specialised fact-checking desks, deploy forensic image analysis software, and strictly adhere to statutory protocols requiring that official election results be verified exclusively through INEC before publication.
He said, ‘We have moved far beyond simple political bias, hyperbole, or unverified rumours into an era of synthetically manufactured reality. Generative artificial intelligence, voice cloning, deepfake video synthesis, and automated bot networks have democratised mass deception.
‘Malicious operatives no longer need a printing press or broadcast licence to deceive millions. With modest computing power, they can produce a photorealistic video of an electoral official purportedly declaring false results in a dark room; a cloned audio file of an INEC Resident Electoral Commissioner instructing staff to manipulate voting devices on election eve;
‘Manipulated result sheets engineered to mimic official security features, flooded onto social media minutes after polling closes to create an illusion of fraud before collation even begins.
‘The primary danger of synthetic disinformation is not merely that it tricks citizens into believing a specific falsehood, but that it causes the systemic destruction of public trust. When everything can be faked, citizens begin to doubt genuine, verified facts provided by constitutional authorities.
‘When deepfakes render lies believable, real truth is greeted with scepticism. Cynicism replaces civic engagement, leading voters to ask: Why stand in line for hours if the outcome is already manipulated on a screen? That mental retreat is where democracy begins to decay.
‘Disinformation attacks the electorate’s cognitive sovereignty, turning elections from a peaceful contest of ideas into a volatile battleground of manipulated emotions, ethnic tension, and pre-packaged outrage.’
‘For an election management body, administrative success on the ground can be instantly erased on a smartphone screen by a well-timed, algorithmically boosted deepfake.’
Responding to the threat environment, Amupitan said INEC has shifted from defensive anxiety to a proactive technological offensive, establishing a dedicated Artificial Intelligence Division within its ICT Department and beginning to deploy automated AI auditing tools in the Results Management process to detect discrepancies before final verification.
While emphasising that all automated checks remained strictly governed by a five-pillar AI Governance Framework and subject to mandatory human auditing, Amupitan cautioned media organisations against publishing or amplifying collated election results privately ahead of the 2027 General Elections.
He warned that such reports could create conflicting narratives and undermine confidence in officially declared results, asking Editors to ensure that their platforms did not become channels for unverified election figures.
He said, ‘Let’s resist premature result declarations. Under the Electoral Act, INEC has exclusive statutory authority to declare election results. Amplifying unverified, privately collated figures published by political actors on social media creates conflicting public narratives that undermine official outcomes. We should use our platforms to educate citizens on spotting synthetic content, fake letterheads, and algorithmically generated rage-bait.’
Apparently reacting to a recent statement credited to the NDC Presidential candidate that they will establish their own election viewing portal similar to the IREC, the INEC chairman warned that amplifying unverified, privately collated figures published by political actors on social media could create conflicting public narratives that undermine official election outcomes.
He said the media had a critical responsibility to protect the integrity of the electoral process, particularly as artificial intelligence and social media were making it increasingly difficult to distinguish authentic information from manipulated content.
Prof. Amupitan maintained that the pressure on newsrooms to be the first to publish should not override the obligation to verify information during elections, insisting that ‘the pressure on modern newsrooms to be first is immense. But in national elections, it is vastly more important to be right than to be first.
‘Rushing to publish unverified, sensational claims, whether a fake result sheet on social media, a doctored video, or an unconfirmed statement, grants institutional legitimacy to deliberate deception, causing damage to public peace that is almost impossible to reverse.
‘I appeal to the Nigerian Guild of Editors to view media gatekeeping as a critical component of national security and democratic defence. To effectively combat AI-driven disinformation before, during, and after elections, we must build a collaborative firewall.
The INEC chairman drew attention to the economic conditions of Nigerian journalists, arguing that media welfare was directly connected to the integrity of journalism and, by extension, democratic governance, adding that it would be difficult to expect journalists facing severe financial insecurity, unpaid salaries and inadequate welfare to consistently withstand political inducement and other pressures.
‘A poorly compensated journalist is vulnerable; a financially neglected newsroom is fertile ground for compromise,’ he said.
He stressed that journalists who receive decent remuneration and structured welfare are better positioned to resist financial inducement, interrogate false narratives, and report elections objectively, saying the commission has applied a similar principle to its own workforce by introducing measures to improve the welfare of election officials.
He disclosed that the Commission established the Consolidated Election Management Body Salary Structure (CEMBSS), separating its workforce from the regular Civil Service salary structure with effect from January 1, 2026.
In preparation for the 2027 elections, the INEC chairman said the Commission commenced a six-zone Interactive Meetings and Readiness Assessment tour in Lagos on September 7, aimed at assessing preparations across the country, adding that the media had a critical role to play in the process because elections were no longer contested only at polling units but also in the information space.