As Kenya’s construction industry continues to grow to meet the rising demand for housing, a silent threat lurks behind the colourful walls of our homes, schools, and playgrounds-lead in paint.
Paint adds beauty and vibrancy to our surroundings, yet few consumers pause to consider what gives their favourite colours such brightness and durability. Many Kenyans remain unaware that some paints in the market still contain lead levels above the recommended safety limits, posing serious health risks, particularly to children and pregnant women.
While lead is a naturally occurring heavy metal in the environment, it has long been intentionally used in products such as paint, batteries, and gasoline due to its ability to resist corrosion and enhance colour. However, it is also one of the most toxic substances known to science, with no safe level of exposure.
Annually, the world marks International Lead Poisoning Prevention Week, with this year’s commemoration set to take place from October 19 to 25 under the theme ‘No Safe Level: Act Now to End Lead Exposure.’
The week underscores the urgent need to eliminate all sources of lead exposure, especially in products that come into contact with children.
The initiative builds on the global success of banning lead paint and the progress many countries have made in enacting laws and regulations that restrict lead in paints and coatings used in homes, schools, and playgrounds.
Once lead enters the body, it accumulates in bones and teeth, disrupting brain development, damaging the nervous system, and affecting vital organs. According to the World Health Organization, children absorb four to five times more lead than adults, making them vulnerable to its harmful effects.
Even low levels of lead exposure can reduce a child’s IQ, impair learning, and lead to behavioural problems that persist into adulthood. Children exposed to lead may experience hyperactivity, attention deficits, hearing loss, and in severe cases, convulsions or death.
In adults, exposure to lead can cause headaches, memory loss, high blood pressure, and muscle weakness. For pregnant women, lead stored in the bones can be released into the bloodstream, exposing the developing baby and increasing the risk of miscarriage, premature birth, and low birth weight.
To protect consumers from the lead threat, the Kenya Bureau of Standards (Kebs) introduced two key standards in 2017: KS 2661-1:2017 and KS 2661-2:2017, limiting the lead content in paints, varnishes, and related products to 90 parts per million (ppm), which aligns with WHO recommendations.
However, studies have revealed that some paints sold in Kenya still exceed the permissible lead limit, indicating gaps in enforcement and compliance monitoring.
As Kenya joins the global community in this year’s awareness campaign, the message is clear that there is no safe level of lead.
This continued exposure places countless people, particularly children at risk who are exposed to ingest lead paint chips, contaminated dust, or soil by playing in lead-contaminated areas or putting their hands or contaminated objects in their mouth.
As Kenya marks International Lead Poisoning Prevention Week, advocates are calling on regulators and manufacturers to take stronger action to eliminate lead from paints and other products.
There is need to ensure stricter market surveillance, consistent enforcement of Kebs standards, and enhanced public education and certification for lead safe paint to help consumers make informed choices
‘Consumers have the power to influence change. By choosing lead-safe paints, we can protect our children and our environment,’ says Griffins Ochieng, Executive Director of the Centre for Environment Justice and Development (CEJAD).