China’s imports from Nigeria surged by 80 per cent to $2.3 billion in the first half of 2026 following Beijing’s implementation of a zero-tariff regime for goods from 53 African countries, prompting the Federal Government to push for a shift from raw commodity exports to value-added agricultural, mineral and manufactured products.
The government said the tariff concession presented a significant opportunity to diversify Nigeria’s export base, expand non-oil earnings and accelerate industrialisation, but cautioned that preferential market access alone would not translate into economic transformation without improvements in production capacity, processing, infrastructure and product quality.
Aliyu Abdullahi, Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Security, , stated this on Friday in Abuja at a seminar on China’s zero-tariff measures and their implications for Africa’s economic structural transformation.
Abdullahi said Nigeria should approach the new trade opportunity by focusing not merely on increasing the volume of exports but on improving the quality and value of goods sold to the Chinese market.
‘The question before us, therefore, is not, can Nigeria export more? The question should be, can Nigeria export better?’ he said.
According to him, Nigeria has the capacity to use the expanded access to the Chinese market to promote processed cassava derivatives, premium rice, spices, hibiscus, cashew blends, soybean products, fruits and vegetables, provided they meet internationally accepted quality and safety standards.
He said the policy could help Nigeria move beyond its traditional dependence on crude oil exports and support the development of agro-industrial value chains capable of generating jobs, foreign exchange and wider economic opportunities.
The minister, however, warned that the removal of tariffs would not automatically make Nigerian products competitive in the Chinese market.
‘Zero tariffs alone do not guarantee success. Ladies and gentlemen, while the removal of tariffs creates opportunity, opportunities alone do not create prosperity,’ he said.
Abdullahi identified agricultural productivity, modern processing facilities, efficient logistics, quality assurance, traceability, affordable and competitive financing, storage infrastructure and export certification as critical requirements for Nigerian businesses seeking to penetrate the Chinese market.
He also stressed the importance of compliance with sanitary and phytosanitary standards, noting that Nigerian producers would need to meet the technical and regulatory requirements of the Chinese market to sustain access.
The minister said the Federal Government was expanding agricultural processing capacity through the Special Agro-Processing Zones Project, designed to support investments that would convert agricultural commodities into higher-value products for both domestic and international markets.
He added that Nigeria’s abundant natural resources could only become a sustainable competitive advantage through technology transfer, skills development, investment partnerships, research collaboration, modern logistics, digital agribusiness and efficient value chains.
Yu Dunhai, Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria, said China’s zero-tariff policy had already produced measurable results for African countries, including Nigeria, since its implementation on May 1, 2026.
Yu said China-Africa trade reached a record $207 billion in the first half of 2026, while Chinese imports from Africa between May and June rose to $29 billion, representing a 24 per cent year-on-year increase.
He said the policy had contributed to an approximately six per cent increase in overall African exports to China, with Nigeria recording particularly strong growth.
‘Total bilateral trade reached $18 billion in the first half of the year, up 35 per cent year-on-year, while Chinese imports from Nigeria surged 80 per cent to $2.3 billion, with monthly growth exceeding 40 per cent in both May and June,’ the ambassador said.
Yu said the increase demonstrated that lower trading costs and improved market access could generate significant benefits for African exporters, provided countries were able to maintain consistent supply and meet market requirements.
He gave examples of the financial savings recorded by Nigerian exporters under the tariff arrangement.
According to him, every 100 tonnes of sesame exported from Nigeria to China now saves about $11,000 in costs, while the annual export of 7,000 tonnes of cattle bone granules saves nearly $450,000.
He added that a single shipment of 23,000 tonnes of Nigerian liquefied propane saved about $300,000 in taxes on the first day the zero-tariff policy took effect.
The envoy said the policy had reduced trading costs, increased trade volumes and created opportunities for Nigeria to deepen industrial transformation.
He urged Nigeria to improve product quality, strengthen supply-chain reliability, expand domestic processing and promote industrial differentiation.
Yu also called for stronger links between trade and long-term investment, as well as increased policy outreach to Nigerian businesses to ensure that more local producers understand and utilise the opportunities available in the Chinese market.
‘China is ready to provide technical support for standardised production to help Nigerian products earn recognition and market share,’ he said.
The ambassador further advocated the establishment of an Agreement on Economic Partnership for Shared Development between Nigeria and China, arguing that such an arrangement could transform temporary tariff preferences into more durable institutional guarantees.
He disclosed that 38 African countries had signed framework agreements with China to advance early-harvest negotiations.
Representing Bianca Odumegwu-Ojukwu, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Dunoma Ahmed, Permanent Secretary in the ministry, said Nigeria must use the preferential access to the Chinese market to fundamentally change its export structure.
Ahmed said the benefits of preferential market access would remain limited if African countries continued to export predominantly raw materials while importing finished products.
He said Nigeria welcomed foreign investment but increasingly expected investors to establish manufacturing capacity, develop industrial value chains and create employment instead of simply extracting and exporting raw materials.
‘Our natural resources must become the starting point, not the end point, of economic activity,’ Ahmed said.
He said crude oil should serve as feedstock for petrochemical and downstream industries, while agricultural commodities should provide inputs for agro-processing and manufacturing.
Similarly, he said Nigeria’s solid mineral resources should support mineral processing and industrial production rather than being exported largely in raw form.
‘In other words, we must transition from exporting resources to exporting value,’ the permanent secretary said.
Ahmed urged Chinese and other international investors to establish factories, processing plants, technology centres and logistics networks in Nigeria.
He said Nigeria’s large domestic market, natural resources and strategic position gave it the potential to become a major manufacturing and investment hub for Africa.
Ja’afaru Yakubu, Chairman of the House Committee on Nigeria-China Relations, , said the zero-tariff arrangement could help Nigeria diversify exports, expand agricultural and resource-based value addition, strengthen manufacturing and increase participation in global value chains.
He, however, identified inadequate infrastructure, weak logistics, limited access to finance, skills shortages, insufficient productive technology and regulatory requirements as major obstacles that must be addressed.
Yakubu also appealed to the Chinese Embassy to tackle visa bottlenecks affecting Nigerian traders, particularly businesspeople from Kano and other parts of northern Nigeria.
He said easier movement of traders between both countries would strengthen commercial relations and enable Nigerian businesses to take greater advantage of the expanding Chinese market.
Representing Abubakar Bagudu, Minister of Budget and Economic Planning, Samson Ebimaro, a director in the ministry, said Nigeria must strengthen its domestic productive capacity and competitiveness if it was to maximise the benefits of China’s trade concession.
Ebimaro said the initiative had the potential to improve access for African products, stimulate export diversification and create new opportunities for Nigerian businesses.
He identified agriculture, agro-processing, solid minerals, manufacturing, leather and the creative industries as sectors where Nigeria had considerable export potential.
‘However, the benefits of preferential market access will depend on our ability to strengthen domestic production capacity and competitiveness,’ he said.
He called for greater investment in infrastructure, logistics, financing, technology transfer and exporters’ capacity to comply with international quality and regulatory standards.
According to him, the initiative is consistent with Nigeria’s broader efforts to diversify the economy, increase non-oil exports and strengthen domestic value chains.
Charles Onunaiju, Director of the Centre for China Studies, said Africa should view China’s zero-tariff policy as a starting point rather than an end in its pursuit of structural economic transformation.
Onunaiju urged African countries to address domestic production constraints and leverage the African Continental Free Trade Area to build stronger regional value chains.
He said harmonising standards, increasing productive capacity and improving intra-African trade would enable African producers to supply larger volumes of competitive products to China while simultaneously strengthening the continent’s own industrial base.
The seminar was organised by the Centre for China Studies in collaboration with the Chinese Embassy in Nigeria to examine the implications of China’s zero-tariff treatment for African countries and explore practical measures for maximising the opportunities created by the policy.