October 1st military parade in Nicosia to be held at 9am

?he military parade as part of the celebrations for the 65th anniversary of the declaration of independence of the Republic of Cyprus, is to take place at 9am on Wednesday, October 1, in Nicosia.

According to an announcement by the Ministry of Defence, President of the Republic, Nikos Christodoulides, will take the salute, in the presence of the Minister of Defence, Vassilis Palmas, Greece’s Deputy Minister of National Defence, Thanasis Davakis, and the Chief of the National Guard, Lieutenant General Georgios Tsitsikostas.

According to the announcement, the parade will be held on Iosif Hadjiosif Avenue, with the participation of various units and aircraft of the National Guard, the Cyprus Police, the Fire Service, the Civil Defence, the Department of Forests and the Public Health Services.

Ambassadors and Defence Attachés of foreign countries and other officials will also attend the military parade which is open to the public, it said.

The parade will begin with a 21-gun salute, it said.

FM travels to S. Arabia to attend “Munich Leaders Meeting”

Cyprus’ Foreign Minister. Constantinos Kombos, is travelling to Saudi Arabia on Tuesday, to participate in the “Munich Leaders Meeting”, which is co-organized with the Munich Security Conference from September 30 to October 2, in the city of AlUla.

A press release issued by the Foreign Ministry said that Kombos’ participation in the Conference is taking place at the invitation of Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al-Saud, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

The Conference takes place at a critical time with growing challenges for the international community, as well as the escalation of tensions, which undermine stability and threaten international peace and security, the MFA noted.

During the conference, the participants are expected to exchange views on the most important issues and threats to regional and international security and stability. Special emphasis will also be placed on highlighting prospects for joint cooperation in key areas, such as energy security and the stability of the global economy, the press release added.

On the sidelines of the conference, Cyprus Minister will have contacts with his counterparts, as well as with other officials, it concluded.

Agriculture Minister outlines challenges and support measures for halloumi producers

The Minister of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Maria Panayiotou, briefed the House Agriculture Committee on Tuesday about the challenges facing the production and trade of halloumi PDO, the checks carried out so far, and the government’s support measures for producers.

Panayiotou said that in 2025 to date, the Competent Authority has conducted nine inspections with nine samples, while the Control Body carried out 11 inspections with 22 samples. These checks identified two cases of non-compliance by the Control Body and one by the Competent Authority. As a result, batches were seized and relabelled to ensure they would not be sold as PDO halloumi.

On export checks, she said that up to 19 September, 250 administrative controls of halloumi PDO exports had been carried out, with six complaints submitted in four countries through the EU’s Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (iRasff).

The Minister highlighted the creation in autumn 2024 of an Interdepartmental Committee on halloumi, bringing together all relevant authorities for the first time to coordinate exports. This committee has drawn up a roadmap to address problems in marketing halloumi PDO and is already active at both European and international level. It has identified target markets such as Australia, the UAE and Japan, aiming to include halloumi PDO in trade agreements. Panayiotou added that she personally raised producers’ concerns with her UK counterpart regarding difficulties linked to Brexit.

She stressed that strict checks are applied at every stage, from dairies to retail and exports, with close cooperation between the Agriculture Ministry, the Ministry of Commerce, the Health Services and the State General Laboratory, as well as with European partners to combat imitation products. Since October 2024, dairies have been required to record milk quantities through software, ensuring transparency in sheep and goat milk use.

Panayiotou also outlined support measures for livestock farmers, acknowledging the pressures of rising production costs. These include a pound 30 million investment programme for goat and sheep farming, launched in June 2025, as well as more attractive headage subsidies linked to productivity, with a pound 4 million annual budget. For 2025, two subsidy categories apply based on milk yields, with a transition to a single scheme by 2026-27.

Additionally, she referred to a plan to allocate 26 state-owned plots for large-scale livestock units, offering investment subsidies of up to pound 600,000. Fifteen applications have been received so far, while 25 livestock plots have already been granted.

Cyprus reunification a national goal, Kaklamanis says at meeting with Demetriou

The national goal is the reunification of the island and the complete withdrawal of Turkish occupation troops from Cyprus, said Nikitas Kaklamanis, President of the Hellenic Parliament, on Tuesday, noting that parliamentary cooperation between Greece and Cyprus will be strengthened and that parliamentary diplomacy can be an aid to governments.

On his first visit abroad and to Cyprus, after assuming his duties as President of the Hellenic Parliament, Kaklamanis met in the morning with the President of the House of Representatives, Annita Demetriou, in Nicosia, who said in statements after the meeting that they discussed many issues, particularly complex ones, concerning relations between the two countries.

They emphasized, she continued, the need for Greece and Cyprus to remain islands of security and stability in the wider region. “At the same time, we reaffirmed our demand for the immediate release of the five Greek Cypriots who are being held illegally, under conditions of hostage-taking, by the occupying regime,” she added.

House President also said they exchanged views on developments last week in New York at the UN General Assembly, as well as on the next steps in the Cyprus issue. “I reiterated our deep gratitude for Greece’s support in the efforts to restart negotiations with the aim of resolving the Cyprus issue,” she said.

Demetriou also provided information on the preparations of the Parliament ahead of the EU Council Presidency, while they also analyzed issues of broader geopolitical developments and challenges, current affairs, and agreed that “under no circumstances and for no reason can relations between the two countries be disrupted.”

She pointed out that the President of the Hellenic Parliament will be attending tomorrow’s parade for the Independence Day of the Republic of Cyprus, which “is highly symbolic and sends a strong message.”

For his part, the President of the Hellenic Parliament thanked his counterpart for the warm welcome and the flattering words, stressing that at a time of political tension in Greece, “the Cyprus issue is one on which there is unanimous and unequivocal support from all political parties in the Hellenic Parliament. And it is precisely this unanimous and unequivocal support for common national goals that I want to convey to you.”

‘This support existed in the times of our predecessors, it exists in our times’, he continued, “and as you rightly hinted, the ties and cooperation between the two parliaments will become even closer on many levels. Not only in parliamentary diplomacy, as my friend the President said, but also in culture and education. In problems that concern both you and us and are well known’, he added.

Kaklamanis stated that sometimes parliamentary diplomacy comes to the rescue and solves problems “that governments may not be able to solve.”

The President of the Hellenic Parliament said he was “very moved and happy” to be present at the 65th anniversary of the independence of the Republic of Cyprus, which “symbolises the struggles of Cypriot Hellenism for its freedom. But for this freedom to have meaning and for the souls of the heroes who fell then, and later during the Attila invasion, to find justice, the national goal must be achieved, and the national goal is none other than the reunification of the island for all its inhabitants.”

For this to happen and be sustainable, he added, not a single Turkish soldier from the occupying forces can remain, and all hopes for the missing persons must be exhausted, Greeks and Greek Cypriots. He also said that he will raise in Greece the issue of the five Greek Cypriots who are being held captive in the occupied territories on “ridiculous charges.”

The statements were preceded by a meeting between Annita Demetriou and Nikitas Kaklamanis in the office of the House President, where she said that the fraternal relationship, understanding, and solidarity with Greece is Cyprus’s greatest diplomatic and political advantage.

Kaklamanis pointed out that the first trip of each newly elected President of the Hellenic Parliament is to Cyprus, not for formal reasons, but for very substantial ones. He noted that the national goal is the reunification of the island and the complete withdrawal of the occupying forces in accordance with the decisions of the UN Security Council.

Demetriou and Kaklamanis exchanged gifts as Presidents of the two parliaments, with Kaklamanis offering his ” friend Annita” a personal gift, a silk scarf from Soufli.

Cyprus has been divided since 1974, when Turkey invaded and occupied its northern third. Repeated rounds of UN-led peace talks have so far failed to yield results. The latest round of negotiations, in July 2017 at the Swiss resort of Crans-Montana ended inconclusively.

Cyprus Department of Meteorology – Forecast for the Sea Area of Cyprus (?)

CYPRUS DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY

FORECAST FOR THE SEA AREA OF CYPRUS (B)

FOR THE PERIOD FROM 1200 30/09/2025 UNTIL 1200 01/10/2025

Area covered is 8 kilometers seawards.

Winds are in BEAUFORT scale. Times are local times.

Atmospheric pressure at the time of issue: 1012hPa (hectopascal)

Seasonal low pressure is affecting the area. The weather will be mainly fine but locally increased cloud will be present.

Visibility: Good

Sea surface temperature: 27°C

Warnings: NIL

Rules for third-country participation in the Framework Programme demanded by Damianos

The critical importance of research and innovation in strengthening the EU’s strategy for startups and scaleups, was pointed out by the Deputy Minister of Research, Innovation and Digital Policy Nikodimos Damianos, at the EU Competitiveness Council for Research, on Tuesday in Brussels. “This strategy is not only about supporting new businesses, but also about retaining talent and innovative startups within Europe,” stressed Damianos, adding that “Cyprus is ready to actively contribute to its implementation, especially in view of the upcoming Cypriot Presidency of the EU Council in 2026.”

A regards the Council’s main conclusions, Damianos stressed that “we must bridge the innovation gap between member states,” highlighting that “this strategy will enhance Europe’s competitiveness and technological sovereignty, ensuring that top talent and innovative companies remain within the EU.”

The research ministers of the 27 member states also approved conclusions on the EU’s Life Sciences Strategy, that underscores their critical role in boosting competitiveness, strategic autonomy, and social well-being. “Life sciences are one of the key pillars for Europe’s economic and technological independence,” noted Damianos, adding that “Cyprus, with its investments in areas such as biotechnology and biobanks, is ready to contribute to the implementation of this strategy.”

The most political part of the second day’s discussions focused on research and innovation for dual-use and defense applications. During the debate on the “Horizon Europe” Framework Programme (2028-2034), Damianos emphasized that “the new approach to dual-use and defense will strengthen the EU’s resilience and competitiveness.” However, he stressed the need for clear rules and criteria for third-country participation to avoid risks to the EU’s energy and technological security. “We must ensure that procedures are simplified and free of additional administrative burdens, especially for Member States with limited resources,” he added, referring to the need to support “widening” Member States in accessing critical technological infrastructures.

During a working lunch, ministers discussed the EU’s future ambitions regarding research and technological infrastructures. Damianos pointed out that “as a geographically small and isolated Member State, Cyprus considers EU support for access to world-class infrastructures vital.” However, “without this support, we risk falling behind in critical areas such as artificial intelligence and semiconductors,” he added.

On the sidelines of the Council in Brussels, Damianos held bilateral meetings with his counterparts from Estonia, Minister of Education and Research, Kristina Kallas, and Portugal, Minister of Education, Science and Innovation, Fernando Alexandre, aiming to coordinate and prepare for key issues ahead of Cyprus’s EU Council Presidency in 2026. “Cyprus will place particular emphasis on strengthening research, innovation, and digital transition, with the goal of a more competitive and sustainable Europe,” he concluded.

Cyprus 2026 budget raises spending, targets further debt reduction

Cyprus’ 2026 state budget foresees higher operating, development and social expenditures, while maintaining a strong focus on reducing public debt, with 21% of expenditure earmarked for debt servicing, Finance Minister Makis Keravnos said on Monday after presenting the draft budget to the Cabinet.

Keravnos described the 2026 budget as ‘balanced, growth-oriented, with a strong emphasis on social cohesion and social policy.’

Macroeconomic outlook

—————–

According to the baseline macroeconomic scenario, Cyprus’ medium-term economic prospects remain positive, though subject to considerable uncertainty. GDP growth is projected at 3.1% in both 2025 and 2026, followed by 3% in 2027 and 2.9% in 2028.

Inflation is estimated at just 0.2% in 2025, rising to 2.5% in 2026 before easing to 2% in 2027-2028. Unemployment is expected to remain stable at 4.6% in 2025-2027, edging down to 4.5% in 2028.

The fiscal balance is projected to remain in surplus at 3.7% of GDP in 2025, compared with 4.3% in 2024, while the primary surplus is estimated at 5% in 2025. For 2026-2028, the fiscal surplus is forecast at around 3.4% of GDP.

Public debt is set to continue its downward trend, falling below the EU’s 60% threshold in 2025 at 57.9%. It is expected to decline further to 52.9% in 2026, 48.7% in 2027, and 43.6% by the end of 2028.

Budget figures

———

The 2026 budget, excluding debt servicing, is projected at pound 10.7 billion. Total revenues are estimated at pound 12.68 billion, while expenditures amount to pound 10.78 billion. Debt repayments of pound 2.27 billion and interest payments of pound 665 million bring total spending to pound 13.72 billion.

Revenue includes pound 4.05 billion from direct taxation, pound 4.55 billion from indirect taxation, pound 683 million from sales of goods and services, pound 237 million from rents, royalties and other proceeds, and pound 100.4 million from transfers. Financial revenues are projected at pound 2.88 billion.

Expenditure priorities

————-

Debt servicing takes up the largest share, accounting for 21% of expenditures. This includes pound 2.1 billion in foreign debt repayments, pound 71 million in domestic debt repayments, and pound 665 million in interest.

Operating expenditure rises 11.8% compared with 2025, reaching pound 3.77 billion, or 11.5% of the budget. The increase reflects higher spending on water supply (pound 26.1 million), defence and policing (pound 31.1 million), preparations for Cyprus’ EU Presidency in 2026 (pound 6 million), and staff training (pound 16.1 million).

Personnel expenditure accounts for 27.5% of the budget. The number of public sector posts will be reduced by 14 for a second consecutive year, with 458 new posts created and 472 abolished. Employment in the public service is down by 1,963 since 2012, or 5,883 if seconded staff at state hospitals are included. In contrast, employment in education has risen by 3,752 since 2012.

Transfers increase by 5.2% year-on-year, making up 30.8% of the budget. Social benefits rise by 6.7% to pound 2.3 billion. Contributions to the Social Insurance Fund and the national health system (GeSY) total pound 1.6 billion, up pound 163.4 million. Other transfers include pound 294.1 million to the EU budget, pound 231.6 million in grants to public and private sector organisations including universities, and pound 147 million to local authorities.

Capital expenditure declines by 2.6% to pound 580 million.

The Finance Ministry also outlined major infrastructure projects budgeted for 2026-2028, with total costs of pound 1.1 billion. The most expensive include the new Cyprus Museum (pound 145.7 million), the ‘Ktizo’ housing scheme (pound 130 million), the Deneia-Akaki-Astromeritis road (pound 129.7 million), and the Nicosia Courthouse complex (pound 119 million).

Cyprus Department of Meteorology – Forecast for the Sea Area of Cyprus (?)

CYPRUS DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY

FORECAST FOR THE SEA AREA OF CYPRUS (A)

FOR THE PERIOD FROM 0600 30/09/2025 UNTIL 0600 01/10/2025

Area covered is 8 kilometers seawards.

Winds are in BEAUFORT scale. Times are local times.

Atmospheric pressure at the time of issue: 1012hPa (hectopascal)

Seasonal low pressure is affecting the area. The weather will be mainly fine but locally increased cloud will be present.

Visibility: Good

Sea surface temperature: 27°C

Warnings: NIL

PRESS RELEASE – EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Europe and the Community of Latin America and the Caribbean States strengthen partnership in research and innovation

Today, the European Union and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) have adopted a ministerial declaration and a new agenda for cooperation to strengthen their partnership in research and innovation.

Co-chaired by Commissioner for Startups, Research, and Innovation, Ekaterina Zaharieva, this was the first EU-CELAC ‘Research and Innovation’ ministerial meeting. The agreements reached today outlined shared priorities, concrete actions, and governance to guide bi-regional cooperation in the years ahead. Immediate actions include the launch of dedicated working groups focusing on health, climate change, environmental sustainability and energy transition, and artificial intelligence in science.

With these agreements, both regions commit to joint priorities in health, climate change, sustainability, energy transition, digital transformation, and advanced technologies, while also promoting open science and researcher mobility.

Commissioner Zaharieva said, ‘Both sides of the Atlantic are facing similar challenges in climate, health, and digital technologies. With the details and the clear roadmap agreed today, we will support our scientists and researchers and turn this partnership into concrete results for our people and economies.’

EU and CELAC ministers will meet every two years to review progress, agree on new priorities, and provide strategic direction for the bi-regional cooperation.

More information on the agreements is available online.

(For more information: Thomas Regnier – Tel.: +32 2 299 10 99; Nika Blazevic – Tel. + 32 2 299 27 17)

Commission clears acquisition of Versace by Prada

The European Commission has approved, under the EU Merger Regulation, the acquisition of sole control of Givi Holding S.r.l (‘Versace’) by Prada S.p.A., both of Italy.

The transaction relates primarily to the design, manufacturing and distribution of luxury goods.

The Commission concluded that the notified transaction would not raise competition concerns, given the companies’ limited market positions resulting from the proposed transaction. The notified transaction was examined under the simplified merger review procedure.

More information is available on the Commission’s competition website, in the public case register under the case number M.11995.

(For more information: Arianna Podestà – Tel.: +32 2 298 70 24; Sara Simonini – Tel.: +32 2 298 33 67)

Commission takes stock and looks ahead at Climate Action Conference in Brussels, ahead of COP30

Today, the Commission is organising a conference with the participation of representatives from several sectors such as industry, business leaders, civil society and academia. The event, titled ‘Climate action that works for you: An agenda for competitiveness, prosperity and resilience’, will take stock of the EU’s progress in this policy after ten years of the Paris Agreement, six years into the European Green Deal, and nearly one year into the new Commission mandate, and reflect on a vision for the future. The conference takes place in preparation of the COP30 United Nations Climate Change Conference in November.

This conference follows President von der Leyen’s speech last week at the UN High-level Climate Summit, where she reconfirmed the EU’s commitment to stay the course on our climate ambition and continued global climate leadership. She announced Member States’s agreement to have an EU Nationally Determined Contribution to the Paris Agreement to be submitted ahead of COP30, to range between 66% and 72%.

The conference started this morning with an opening video message from President von der Leyen and counts with the participation of Commissioner Hoekstra who will share later this afternoon first-hand perspectives on the future of EU and global climate policy. The event will be an opportunity to discuss the EU’s journey towards climate neutrality, a net-zero transition that ensures competitiveness and resilience for our economy and brings together all Europeans, industries and businesses towards that goal.

A series of panel discussions and workshops will allow participants to exchange insights on international climate cooperation, climate finance, climate reporting, innovation and the social aspects of the just transition. The event will also feature testimonials and stories from Climate Pact Ambassadors and other climate front-runners.

The agenda of the event is available online, including registration for online participation. You can follow the conference via livestream.

For more information: Anna-Kaisa Itkonen – Tel.: +32 2 295 75 01; Ana Crespo Parrondo – Tel.: +32 2 298 13 25)

Commission and Baltic States launch collaborative strategy for the Baltic Sea

Today, Commissioners Kadis and Roswall are hosting in Stockholm the third edition of ‘Our Baltic’ conference to address the interconnected pressures threatening the environmental and socio-economic welfare of the Baltic Sea. The high-level conference is gathering agriculture, environment and fisheries ministers from Sweden, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Estonia, Germany, Poland and Denmark, along with representatives from the European Parliament, regional and scientific stakeholders.

The environmental health of the Baltic Sea continues to face different pressures prompted by a diverse series of interconnected causes: climate change, eutrophication, overfishing, habitat destruction and pollution. These factors lead to a cycle of degradation that threatens marine life and, by extension, our coastal communities and industries, particularly fisheries.

In line with the ambition of both the European Ocean Pact and the Water Resilience Strategy, these challenges demand an urgent response – engaging in cross-sectorial and cross-border efforts. This includes the full implementation and enforcement of the Pact and Strategy, and, where needed, strengthening the legal frameworks that are crucial to a collective and effective solution. This conference will be an opportunity for a renewed commitment to the well-being, stability and prosperity of our coastal communities and the sustainable management of our fisheries resources in the region.

(For more information: Maciej Berestecki – Tel.: + 32 2 2996 64 83; Anna Wartberger – Tel: +32 2 28 20 54)

European Commission appoints a new Deputy Director-General for its Directorate-General for Translation

The European Commission has appointed today Ildikó Horváth as Deputy Director-General for the Directorate-General for Translation (DGT). This Directorate-General is instrumental for providing the European Commission with high-quality diverse language services, mainly translations of written texts, in the EU’s 24 official languages. The date of effect will be determined later.

With over 25 years of professional experience in language mediation and translation policy, Ildikó Horváth brings extensive expertise across a broad range of pertinent areas. She has a proven record of delivering innovative strategies, most recently leading the development of Ensuring Multilingualism in the Digital Age, a forward-looking strategy that will guide the Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union in the years ahead. Her background also includes engagement with high-level diplomatic contacts, demonstrating her capacity to lead in demanding and confidential environments. In addition, her leadership of the Translation Centre has provided her with direct management experience highly relevant to the functions of the Directorate-General, positioning her as a strong candidate for Deputy Director-General at DGT. These achievements demonstrate her readiness to take on a senior management role within the Commission.

Ildikó Horváth, a Hungarian national, is currently serving as Director of the Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union. Previously, she held diverse senior positions in academia, such as Vice-Dean for International affairs at the Faculty of Humanities at Eötvös Loránd University, in Budapest, Hungary.

(For more information: Balazs Ujvari – Tel.: +32 2 295 45 78; Isabel Otero Barderas – Tel.: +32 2 296 69 25)

European Commission appoints a new Deputy Director-General for its Directorate-General for Eurostat – European Statistics

The European Commission has appointed today Athanasios Thanopoulos as Deputy Director-General for the Directorate-General for Eurostat – European Statistic (DG ESTAT). This Directorate-General is instrumental for publishing high-quality Europe-wide statistics and indicators that enable comparisons between countries and regions. It develops harmonised definitions, classifications and methodologies for the production of European official statistics in cooperation with national statistical authorities. The date of effect will be determined later.

With a career spanning more than 25 years across diverse public sector institutions, Athanasios Thanopoulos offers substantial expertise in advising and researching in official statistics and economics. His former representation of the Greek government in the Economic and Financial Committee on Statistics and his work as delegate of the Ministry of Finance in the Council Working Party on Statistics gave him direct experience in shaping European statistical policy. He has extensive experience managing diverse teams, in charge of topics such as leading Greece’s first digital Population and Housing Census, implementing its first national statistical literacy strategy, and spearheading the modernization of Greece’s statistical office as well as achieving full compliance with the European Statistics Code of Practice. His in-depth knowledge of complex statistical systems and his record of achievements make him an especially strong candidate to contribute to the management of DG ESTAT.

Athanasios Thanopoulos, a Greek national, is currently serving President of the Hellenic Statistical Authority. Previously, he was Chairman of the European Statistical System Partnership Group. Prior to these experiences, he held different advisory positions in the Greek public sector and in academia.

(For more information: Balazs Ujvari – Tel.: +32 2 295 45 78; Isabel Otero Barderas – Tel.: +32 2 296 69 25)

European Commission appoints a new Director for its Directorate-General for Eurostat – European Statistics

The European Commission has appointed today Paul Morrin as Director for the Directorate on Sectoral and Regional Statistics, within the Directorate-General for Eurostat – European Statistic (DG ESTAT). This Directorate-General is instrumental for publishing high-quality Europe-wide statistics and indicators that enable comparisons between countries and regions. It develops harmonised definitions, classifications and methodologies for the production of European official statistics in cooperation with national statistical authorities The date of effect will be determined later.

With over 30 years of professional experience, including more than 15 years in management roles in diverse public administrations in Ireland, Paul Morrin brings extensive expertise in statistics and policy analysis. His previous roles included overseeing complex statistical, social, and policy support during the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. Moreover, he led divisions responsible for Environment, Sustainability, and Ecosystems statistics, demonstrating his adaptability to a rapidly evolving field. He has consistently demonstrated strong leadership by managing large teams and fostering collaboration across various statistical departments – an asset that will serve him well in leading the Directorate for Sectoral and Regional Statistics, which encompasses many of his areas of expertise. Taken together, these qualities make him a particularly strong candidate to head one of the largest Directorates in DG ESTAT.

Paul Morrin, an Irish national, is currently serving as Assistant Director General for Statistical System Coordination, at the Irish Central Statistics Office. Previously, he held several middle-management positions, both in the Central Statistics Office and in other Irish public bodies.

(For more information: Balazs Ujvari – Tel.: +32 2 295 45 78; Isabel Otero Barderas – Tel.: +32 2 296 69 25)

From Arctic to tropics, Commission report sounds alarm on ocean health

Every part of the ocean is now under threat from climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution, according to the ninth report on the state of the ocean, published today by the Marine Environment Monitoring Service of Copernicus, the EU Earth observation system.

The findings show that ocean warming is accelerating, marine biodiversity hotspots are at increasing risk, and acidification is advancing fast. Plastic pollution now affects all ocean basins, while endangered species and coral reefs face critical threats.

Key findings from this year’s report include:

Unprecedented warming: In spring 2024, global sea reached a record temperature of 21°C, with major impacts on the Earth’s ecosystem.

Marine heatwaves: In 2023 and 2024, ocean temperatures exceeded previous records by over 0.25°C, affecting ecosystems, fisheries and coastal economies.

Rising seas: Sea levels rose 228 millimetres between 1901 and 2024, threatening 200 million Europeans living in coastal areas and putting UNESCO World Heritage Sites at risk.

Invasive species: During the 2023 Mediterranean heatwave, warmer waters increased invasive species such as Atlantic Blue Crabs and Bearded Fireworms, driving local fisheries to the brink of collapse.

Declining sea ice: Between December 2024 and March 2025, Arctic Sea ice recorded four consecutive all-time lows, losing an area nearly twice the size of Portugal.

The annual Copernicus report provides vital data on how changes in the ocean affect ecosystems, food security, economies, coastal communities and global climate regulation.

Through its Copernicus system, the EU is stepping up action by providing trusted data to monitor the ocean’s health and to support measures that protect biodiversity, cut pollution and strengthen resilience against climate change.

For More Information

Ocean State Reports | CMEMS

EU Space Programme

Quote(s)

As an owner of Copernicus, the most unique Earth observation system, the Union is able to monitor the state of the Earth’s environment and its subsystems. The Copernicus infrastructure and services constitute a world class capacity allowing the Union to have a leading role in observing and forecasting different ocean state parameters. The Commission is committed to the continuity and evolution of Copernicus as well as ensuring that Europe’s Earth observing capacity is all encompassing, bringing together public and private actors and capacities alike. The space economy is all about unleashing the power of space systems and services to offer solutions in different policies and market sectors.

Andrius Kubilius, Commissioner for Defence and Space

The conclusions of the Ocean State Report reveal a difficult but essential diagnosis of our ocean. It confirms the triple planetary crisis is not a future threat, but a present reality in our basins. This also means that we have taken the first necessary steps, as data is at the foundation of effective action. In line with the Ocean Pact’s Ocean Observation Initiative, we are leveraging the power of the European Digital Twin of the Ocean, built on marine knowledge assets like Copernicus Marine and EMODnet, to transform data into predictability, allowing us to move from observation to solution. Now, we can simulate the spread of invasive species, forecast the impact of heatwaves on fish stocks and test the effectiveness of MPAs before implementing them. These tools are crucial for a resilient and sustainable blue economy. The ocean is sending us a clear signal; we are now better equipped to answer it.

Costas Kadis, Commissioner for Fisheries and Oceans

EU to boost financial literacy and investment opportunities for citizens

The European Commission today announced two major initiatives to advance the Savings and Investments Union and deliver tangible benefits for all EU citizens. The comprehensive package focuses on improving financial literacy for all and at all life stages and introduces a blueprint for Savings and Investment Accounts (SIAs) – a tool aimed at making investing simpler and more accessible for everyone.

The Financial Literacy Strategy aims to help citizens make sound financial decisions, ultimately improving their well-being, financial security and independence. With the right combination of financial knowledge and skills, citizens can budget better, avoid scams and fraud, save more efficiently and feel better equipped to invest for their future. Financial literacy levels remain low in the EU – less than one fifth of EU citizens have a high level of financial literacy (Eurobarometer 2023), with significant differences across Member States. The Strategy therefore includes measures to enhance financial awareness for all citizens and support Member States’ efforts to improve financial literacy.

The Commission’s Financial Literacy Strategy is based on four mutually reinforcing pillars:

Coordination and best practices: The Commission will gather stakeholders to facilitate mutual learning of successful national and international financial literacy initiatives and encourage the adoption of best practices by Member States, including actions targeting the needs of specific groups.

Communication and awareness-raising: The Commission will launch an EU-wide financial literacy campaign that complements and amplifies national efforts to raise citizens’ financial awareness.

Funding for financial literacy initiatives, including research: The Commission will encourage Member States to use existing EU funding instruments to support financial literacy initiatives and research.

Monitoring progress and assessing impacts: The Commission will conduct regular Eurobarometer surveys and encourage Member States to develop evaluation tools to track progress of financial literacy levels.

A crucial component of securing financial independence is the possibility for citizens to manage savings better and build wealth over time, including by investing in capital markets. EU citizens have one of the highest savings rates in the world, yet they often do not get the most out of their savings. The Financial Literacy Strategy will raise citizens’ awareness about how to better plan and use their savings, and how to understand investment risks and opportunities.

Beyond knowledge, citizens also need simple and accessible investment opportunities. To address this, today’s package also includes a blueprint for Savings and Investment Accounts (SIAs), in the form of a Commission Recommendation to Member States.

SIAs are accounts provided by authorised financial services providers, even online, which enable retail investors to invest in capital markets instruments. These accounts often come with tax incentives and simplified tax procedures, making them an attractive option for citizens. SIAs will foster a stronger investment culture among EU citizens and transform how they engage with capital markets. SIAs can enable citizens to achieve higher returns on their savings, compared to keeping them in bank deposits, all while maintaining full control over which financial products or economic sectors they choose to invest in. While investing carries risks, these can be managed through diversification and a long-term investment approach.

By moving some of their savings into more productive investments, citizens can also facilitate the financing of businesses, driving economic growth and job creation across Europe, in line with the Savings and Investments Union objectives. Investing in the European economy allows them to contribute to and benefit from the EU’s competitiveness agenda.

In some EU countries, SIAs have already been put in place, although the specific features of these initiatives can vary quite significantly. Today, the Commission is recommending that Member States introduce SIAs where they do not yet exist and enhance existing frameworks by incorporating best practices from across Europe and worldwide. Drawing on these successful experiences, the Commission considers that SIA should include several key features, notably:

A wide array of providers: A wide range of authorised financial services providers (such as banks, investment firms, neobrokers), including cross-border ones, should be able to offer SIAs, boosting competition and innovation.

Simplicity: Providers should offer a simple, reliable and easily accessible user experience for retail investors, both online and offline, that makes the buying and selling of assets within an SIA seamless.

Flexibility: Retail investors should be allowed to open multiple accounts, including with different providers, and should not be faced with excessive fees or cumbersome processes when transferring their portfolios.

Broad investment opportunities: SIAs should offer investments in various products such as shares, bonds and investment funds, allowing citizens to diversify their portfolios across asset classes, issuers, manufacturers geographies and risk profiles, while excluding highly risky or complex products. SIA providers are encouraged to provide citizens with investment options that allow them to channel their investments into the EU economy to contribute to strategic EU priorities.

Tax incentives: They are key in encouraging the SIAs and achieving broader retail investor participation. Tax incentives should be well targeted and simple for retail investors, SIA providers and tax administrations to understand and apply.

Simplified taxation process: Streamlined tax procedures, including relying on SIA providers for tax declarations, can greatly benefit retail investors.

The European Commission will work closely with Member States and stakeholders to implement the Strategy on financial literacy and monitor the take-up of its Recommendation on a Savings and Investment Account to ensure that Europe’s citizens feel confident managing their money and savings, have better access to investment opportunities and thrive financially.

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Communication and Recommendation

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Financial literacy is key to wellbeing and independence. Through our Strategy on financial literacy, we will work closely with Member States to equip everyone with the financial skills required to budget better, save more and invest for their future. But knowledge alone is not enough. To prepare for their big goals in life, citizens also need opportunities to put their savings to work. That is why we are creating a European blueprint for savings and investment accounts, designed to make investment options more accessible. With SIAs, Europeans could get better returns on their savings, while supporting the financing of EU businesses, economic growth and job creation.

Maria Luís Albuquerque, Commissioner for Financial Services and the Savings and Investments Union

The Savings and Investments Union (SIU) is an important step for EU’s economy. This is good for our capital markets, for people’s financial future, for sustainable growth and innovation. With interesting tax incentives, people are more encouraged to invest in higher-return investments, which in turn will help us find growth capital and be more competitive.

Wopke Hoekstra, Commissioner for Climate, Net Zero and Clean Growth

Statement by President von der Leyen with NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte

Dear Mark,

It is a pleasure to welcome you to our 5th Security College. We have called this meeting to discuss the security situation in Europe and to hear your views. Preserving peace has always been a core task of the European Union, and while the instruments have differed over time, the aim stayed the same. It has been now 3 years and 7 months since Russia invaded Ukraine. Ukraine continues to resist on the battleground ceding virtually no territory this year. In the last 1000 days, Russia only captured 1% of the occupied territory of Ukraine. This despite more than a quarter of million Russians losing their lives on the battlefield this year. And Russia is increasingly under pressure economically. Interest rates are at 17% and inflation well above 10%. I believe firmly that we are at a moment where decisive action on our side can lead to a turning point in this conflict.

In the past months, we have already taken unprecedented steps. Our ‘White Paper’ has outlined the strategic direction and priorities. And we proposed new ways to fund defence. Our ad hoc instrument SAFE is up and running in record time. Tomorrow at the informal European Council we will discuss the way forward.

On European defence, I see three relevant topics. First, on capabilities. We have a single set of forces, assigned to different missions – NATO, EU, UN or Coalitions of the Willing. Therefore, in close cooperation with NATO, we need capabilities that are interoperable. To achieve this, we need more joint procurement. Second, we need Defence Flagships. On the flagship-project Eastern Flank Watch for example we need to act now. Europe must deliver a strong and united response to Russia’s drone incursions at our borders. That is why we will propose immediate actions to create the drone wall as part of Eastern Flank Watch. We must move fast forward – together with Ukraine and in close coordination with NATO. And third, we need Defence Industrial Readiness a ramped-up, resilient and innovative European Defence Industry is key to our Defence Readiness. The industry needs to deliver at speed and at scale – as well as producing state-of-the-art military equipment. This is in a nutshell our preview on some of the key elements from the scoping paper. In two weeks, we will present the full version of our ‘Readiness Roadmap 2030’.

Finally on Ukraine. We are advancing on several work strands. First, we are increasing economic pressure on Russia. Our sanctions are working. Russia’s GDP is projected to slow down, from 4.3% in 2024 to 0.9% in 2025. We need to increase the pressure. To this end we proposed a new sanctions package with robust measures on the energy, financial services and trade. One of its key elements is the prohibition of LNG imports from Russia. Second, we need to provide military assistance to Ukraine. If we continue to believe that Ukraine is our first line of defence, we need to step up our military assistance to Ukraine. Concretely, we have agreed with Ukraine that a total of EUR 2 billion will be spent on drones. This allows Ukraine to scale up its drone production capacity and will allow the EU to benefit from this technology. However, a more structural solution for military support is necessary. This is why I have put forward the idea of a Reparations Loan based on immobilised Russian sovereign assets. The Loan would not be disbursed in one go. But in tranches, and with conditions attached. And we will strengthen our own defence industry by ensuring that part of the loan is used for procurements in Europe and with Europe. Importantly, there is no seizing of the assets. Ukraine has to repay the loan, if Russia is paying reparations. The perpetrator must be held responsible.