Paolo may make landfall in Isabela or Aurora on Friday

Tropical Depression (TD) Paolo is forecast to make landfall over Isabela or Northern Aurora on Friday, Oct. 3.

In its 11 a.m. tropical cyclone bulletin, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (Pagasa) reported the weather system’s position at 760 kilometers east of Virac, Catanduanes.

It was carrying maximum sustained winds of 45 kilometers per hour (km/h) near the center and gusts of up to 55 km/h, moving westward at 25 km/h.

Paolo is expected to intensify over the Philippine Sea and may reach severe tropical storm or typhoon category by Friday. It is less likely to affect weather conditions in the next 24 hours, although heavy rains are expected to begin on Friday.

According to Pagasa, no wind signal is currently hoisted, but Signal No. 1 may be raised over the eastern portions of Northern and Central Luzon in the afternoon or evening. Signal No. 3 is likely to be raised upon its passage.

Meanwhile, Pagasa also reported that at least nine tropical cyclones are expected to enter or develop within the PAR in the remaining months of 2025, with another 12 also projected between October 2025 and March 2026.

The forecast was released during Pagasa’s 188th Climate Outlook Forum. The 189th forum is set on October 29, where updated projections and climate advisories will be discussed

Filipiniana in Australia

After my recent lectures in Canberra and Sydney, some remarked in jest, that I would be at a loss because Jose Rizal did not visit Australia. Rizal is not the end-all of my research, and I find Filipiniana everywhere. At the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, dedicated to casualties from World War I to more recent wars where Australians acted as peacekeeping forces, I found, etched in stone in one of the cloisters, the name ‘Philippines.’ Aussies died in the Philippines in World War II. In a Salvation Army store in Sydney, in search of a lost Amorsolo, I found a 1950s doll in Filipiniana attire. A female figure in a floral terno made me presume that it originally came as a pair, but the man in the barong tagalog was missing.

Before I left Manila, I went over the online catalog of the National Library of Australia (NLA). I looked up the papers of the pioneering prehistorian of the Philippines, H. Otley Beyer, who gave generations of Filipinos the now-outdated ‘Waves of Migration Theory.’ Beyer dated the Banaue Rice Terraces at over 2,000 years old, later corrected by Dr. Stephen Acabado, whose research gives an approximate date of about four centuries, or within the early Spanish period. Even though outdated, Beyer remains of interest to me because of the mountain of research he collected. He left 195 volumes of typescripts (mostly term papers of his UP students), mainly ethnographies from various parts of the Philippines, which provide a window into life in the early 20th century, and the changes brought into Philippine society by the American occupation. I have read and written columns using these papers on the balut industry in Pateros and the shoe industry in Marikina.

Acquired by the Australian National University in 1972, the collection also contains maps, photographs, and various publications now rare. While the Beyer ethnographic series is available in microfilm from the National Library of the Philippines and the UP Main Library, there is no substitute for actually handling the original materials. This is a personal sacrifice on my part, not just for time and effort, but because I am allergic to book dust. Can you imagine a historian allergic to the very source of his livelihood?

On my first day in the library, I asked to consult the microfilm, but the librarian suggested it was better and faster for me to consult the original documents. The boxes I requested took longer than usual to be retrieved from storage, and when the librarians checked on the online database, they gasped, ‘This is a rather large collection.’ I told them a lot of the material had been lost during the war, and during the various times the collection was moved from one place to another. Part of Beyer’s collection of prehistoric stone implements and tektites was dispersed, and I saw some in antique stores in the 1980s. I had to return the next day to see the boxes.

While waiting for my Beyer material to be retrieved from storage, I searched the online catalog and looked up the papers of Alexander Dalrymple, who was in Manila during the British occupation from 1762 to 1764. From his letters, there was nothing on Manila or the Philippines, so I requested the auction catalog of Dalrymple’s ‘extensive and valuable library of books.’ These were sold piece by piece in London from May 29, 1809, in a sale that ran for almost a month. On the first day alone, manuscript dictionaries of Tagalog and Kapampangan were sold. Two copies of the printed 1732 edition of the Augustinian Diego de Bergaño’s ‘Bocabulario de Pampango en Romace’ were sold on the first and second days of the auction. On the fifth day, a ‘Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaia’ from 1637 went on the block. The NLA had three copies of the auction catalog, and I made the mistake of asking for the copy with penciled notes that turned out to be incomplete.

I hope to return another time to request the complete set because on the 27th day of the auction, ‘Unpublished Manuscripts’ were sold. One section of these was devoted to items ‘Brought from Manilla’ or rather part of the British pillage of Manila. From this list alone, I would want to see: ‘Various Letters,’ the ‘Bucabula Rio (sic) Visaya,’ a dictionary of Visaya; the ‘Iventarium Generale Libros Conventio Manilensis Philippinarum,’ or the inventory of San Agustin Church in Intramuros; the ‘Libro de Gouverno,’ or papers on the term of Hurtado (de Corcuera), governor general of the Philippines from 1635 to 1644; ‘Vocabulario Tagalo Español,’ a dictionary compiled by a certain ‘Hortez’ in 1726; ‘Papeles de Taagolos (sic)’ or Papers on Tagalogs in three volumes; and 20 bundles simply marked ‘Varios,’ or various papers. Finally, a bundle of various manuscripts that are described as, ‘from Manilla, very curious.’

These materials have been lying in plain sight, scattered in libraries throughout the world. Many have been located, digitized, and made available on the 1762 Archive website. Old materials that will provide new histories from younger historians.

Death toll from Cebu quake climbs to 19

The confirmed death toll in Cebu has risen to 19 following the magnitude 6.9 earthquake that struck late Tuesday night.

According to the Cebu Provincial Information Office, nine adults and four minors died in Bogo City. Based on an initial report from the Capitol, most of the victims were crushed when their homes collapsed. Bogo City was the epicenter of the quake.

In San Remigio, five deaths were confirmed, including a 10-year-old child.

Raymond Frasco of the San Remigio Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office said three of the fatalities were personnel from the Philippine Coast Guard, while one was a member of the Bureau of Fire Protection.

They were reportedly trapped and crushed by concrete inside a gym where a basketball league between the two agencies was being held during the earthquake.

The local government has placed the entire San Remigio under a state of calamity due to damages caused by the quake.

Meanwhile, through his official Facebook account, Mayor Rex Gerona confirmed that a senior citizen in Tabuelan also died during the strong earthquake.

Cebu Governor Pamela Baricuatro said the Office of the President has reached out to ensure aid from President Ferdinand Marcos Jr.’s office will be extended.

After an emergency meeting at the Capitol, the governor will proceed to Danao City, where an Emergency Operations Center will be established to respond to the quake’s impact in northern Cebu.

Dump trucks and boom trucks from her office will also be deployed to assist with clearing and rescue efforts./mcm

Thunderstorm warning up in Metro Manila, nearby provinces

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (Pagasa) warned of moderate to heavy rain showers over Metro Manila and nearby provinces within the next two hours.

In a thunderstorm advisory, Pagasa said Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, Cavite, Batangas and Nueva Ecija may also be affected.

Thunderstorms were already observed in Cabangan and San Felipe, Zambales, as well as in Tagkawayan, Quezon, and may persist while spreading to nearby areas.

In its earlier forecast, Pagasa said Tropical Depression Paolo, now inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility, is not yet affecting the country. The rain showers and thunderstorms are caused by the easterlies, or winds blowing from the east, which will soon signal the transition from the southwest monsoon (habagat) to the northeast monsoon (amihan).

But by Friday, Paolo is forecast to bring heavy rains and make its landfall over Isabela and Aurora. It is likely to develop into a severe tropical storm, according to the weather bureau.

Anomie

I didn’t know how often I lay in my room, alone and cold, in the middle of the summer, ruminating about how isolated I was with no safe place to go. The fan blew hot air over me, circling the tiny space I had seemingly memorized. The window remained closed, blocking me from the overwhelming light that threatened to spill over the hollow lines, as if reaching to fill the cave inside of me. Despite the heat that should’ve engulfed me as the sun rose, as its silent presence then loomed over me, I could not feel the warmth, and I simply sat on my bed unmoving.

Mechanical, rational, and agonizing thoughts clawed at my chest-overwhelming me, until loneliness gave way to emptiness. I struggled to breathe, but I memorized how to calm myself down: inhale, exhale, repeat. When I managed to calm down, the desire to be normal slowly settled painfully, and with that, the unexplainable self-pity kicked in-it was hard to accept that these were the closest access I had to my feelings, to the real me, yet it was still as vague as an unnamed thing. Perhaps this was exactly one of the reasons why I wanted to learn more about the social sciences-the discipline for so long looked at me like a mystery waiting to be unraveled. And maybe not so much of a plot-twist it was when, somehow, I landed in the sociology program at PUP Sta. Mesa.

The word ‘anomie’ introduced itself to me in my freshman year. To Merton, anomie is the disjunction between goals and means due to structural inequality; to Durkheim, it is, at its simplest form, the breakdown of norms due to rapid social change and lack of moral regulation. The varying definitions spoke to me, that more than just a simple alienation-that word bearing the weight as if the excruciating grief of being different was my fault-I am the product of the construct of the world that I knew was quite wrong, I just didn’t have the knowledge to name it. So I held onto these six letters.

It was the closest word that could possibly explain the undesirable void that occasionally visits me without any warning. I wanted to chew it, recite it, and use it to reason out myself like a comfort, molding its form into something that I can grasp. With this knowledge, I could almost move on from everything that did me wrong in my past.

Yet as I once again drown in the darkness, the familiarity of the abyss pulling me in, it simply looks at me fall from above with indifference. I realized that I could simply not just discard and leave what made me different. I could almost visualize its face-the same face of people I knew who would repeatedly choose comfort over disturbance with or without a second thought.

For so long, interacting feels like performing, and if you ask me at the end of the day, relationships-a concept that values harmony-feel as if I am inside a bubble.

Yet inside those same fragile spaces I once occupied were a number of people who chose to be disturbed by me, reaching, like an attempt to touch, something akin to love. Those bubbles held an expectation that was meant to be shattered by my inability to be contained, and I couldn’t quite swallow the profound experience of feeling something as close to love and recognition that holds the power to define me incorrectly.

It is quite safer to mentally remain in the chamber of change, and what I made home of darkness that makes it easy to leave. Therefore, when they let me break through the bubble, when it got so uncomfortable already, they have proven that it was meant to be simply just a bubble, and to me, this feels like their noiseless abandonment of me, a slip of betrayal.

I go about my day pretending that I do not carry an invisible weight of accountability like a responsibility, but I occasionally spiral down with the same emptiness that perhaps may have only masked the piled up hatred over everything. I long to be normal, to dream so big that reality would not be able to discourage me. I want relationships and life to feel more than just a duty. I long to be the person who has no inkling of difference that takes me away from the light or makes people I want to love leave me like a pattern. I hope to be preconditioned in my system, so that no amount of unkind people who do me dirty can bring out the worst of me.

Tonight, greeting the ‘ber’ months, as I lay in the same old room of mine, I realized I did it again. I let relationships die like they were nothing. Except this time, the light was blinding white and the room was cold, and I did not mourn nor blame myself for being too much or too little. I swallowed the consequences, and little by little, I am learning to embrace, unapologetically, who I became as a result of anomie.

Cebu quake sparks panic in Leyte, cuts power in Biliran

A 6.9-magnitude earthquake that struck off Bogo City, Cebu, late Tuesday night was felt across Eastern Visayas, sending thousands of residents into the streets and causing structural damage in several provinces.

The quake, which occurred at 9:59 p.m., lasted several seconds and triggered panic among residents in Tacloban City and surrounding areas.

‘I thought I was just dreaming,’ recalled Sharon Gatmaitan, a Tacloban resident who was visibly shaken after the tremor.

In Naval, Biliran, power was cut after the Biliran Electric Cooperative shut down its substation as a precaution. The cooperative said electricity will be restored once facilities are declared safe and stable.

The quake also disrupted a basketball game at the Naval gym, where hundreds of spectators rushed outside in panic. Mayor Gretchen Espina confirmed that a portion of the gym’s ceiling was damaged. The local engineering office has been tasked with assessing the facility’s structural integrity.

In Leyte town, a landslide occurred in Sitio Tabengue, Barangay Wague, rendering the area impassable. The municipal disaster risk reduction and management office also reported cracks in a bridge in Barangay Consuegra, raising safety concerns.

In Ormoc City, Leyte, patients at Ormoc Doctors Hospital were evacuated as a precaution. Students attending a school program at the city’s superdome also rushed out when parts of the structure reportedly collapsed.

The National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) reported that the earthquake caused the Leyte, Samar, and part of the Bohol grid to separate from the Cebu-Negros-Panay grid. NGCP confirmed damage at its Daanbantayan Substation in northern Cebu, near the epicenter, and said four 230-kilovolt transmission lines in the Visayas tripped.

‘Aerial and foot inspections, as well as restoration work, will be in full swing as soon as the situation allows, as there are still aftershocks in the area,’ NGCP said in a statement shortly after the quake.

Authorities are continuing to assess the extent of the damage while monitoring for possible aftershocks. /mcm

Cebu in state of calamity as quake death toll rises to 36

The entire province of Cebu has been placed under a state of calamity following the strong earthquake that struck the island late Tuesday night, which caused widespread destruction and a death toll now confirmed to be at 36.

The Cebu Provincial Information Office said that 36 fatalities have been recorded as of 7 a.m. Wednesday, of whom 27 were reported in Bogo City, the epicenter of the 6.9 magnitude quake that struck at 10 p.m. on Tuesday.

In an emergency online session early Wednesday presided over by Cebu Vice Governor Glenn Soco, the 17th Sangguniang Panlalawigan unanimously approved the state of calamity declaration to enable a faster and more efficient response to the growing needs on the ground.

‘This declaration is necessary to give our provincial government the ability to respond quickly and effectively. It allows us to mobilize resources, extend immediate assistance to affected families, and implement rehabilitation measures as we begin our recovery,’ Soco said in an official statement.

The Provincial Board members attended the session on Wednesday morning remotely, as many are stationed in their respective districts to monitor the situation and assist constituents

PNP to activate disaster management task group after Cebu quake

The Philippine National Police (PNP) tasked the Police Regional Office Central Visayas (PRO 7) to activate its Disaster Incident Management Task Group.

‘[Acting PNP Chief Lt. Gen. Jose Melencio Nartatez Jr.] further instructed PRO7 to provide real-time updates to the National Headquarters, particularly on the extent of damage, affected communities, and the operational response being undertaken on the ground,’ the law enforcement agency said in a statement on Wednesday morning.

‘Additional resources from the National Headquarters and nearby regions are on standby to reinforce PRO 7 in safeguarding communities and restoring normalcy at the soonest possible time,’ the PNP added.

This came after a magnitude 6.9 earthquake struck Cebu on Tuesday night.

At least 26 people were reported killed and 147 were reported injured as of 8 a.m. on Wednesday, according to the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council.

Iloilo suspends work, classes after strong Cebu quake

Classes and work at the Iloilo Provincial Capitol have been suspended following a strong Cebu earthquake that also jolted the city on Tuesday night.

Iloilo City Mayor Raisa Treñas ordered the suspension of classes at all levels, both public and private, effective Wednesday, October 1, 2025, to allow for safety inspections of schools and other structures.

In a statement, the mayor said the City Engineer’s Office, Office of the Building Official, and the City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office will conduct thorough assessments of school facilities and public buildings.

‘Safety remains our top priority, and we urge everyone to remain vigilant and cooperative as we continue to monitor the situation,’ she said.

Work at the Iloilo Provincial Capitol is also suspended on Wednesday to allow the Provincial Engineers Office and the Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office to carry out a full structural integrity assessment of the Capitol building in Iloilo City.

Authorities urged employees and the public to prioritize safety and remain alert for possible aftershocks

’Flood control version’ of DOH? 400 out of 600 HFEP centers idle

It seems even the Department of Health (DOH) has its own ‘flood control version’ after the agency revealed that most of the health centers built under its health facilities enhancement program (HFEP) remained idle due to lack of personnel.

During the House plenary debates on the DOH’s proposed P253-billion budget for 2026, Akbayan Representative Chel Diokno questioned why only 200 out of the 600 health centers built under the HFEP were functional as of 2025 despite the allocation of over P170 billion for its infrastructure and equipment in the past decade.

‘Is the reason why the Secretary of Health described the HFEP as the flood control version of the DOH, was because only a few, according to him, of the health centers are actually functioning?’ he asked.

Diokno was referring to Health Secretary Teodoro Herbosa’s comment at the committee-level briefings for the DOH budget where he called the HFEP-which aims to improve delivery of basic, essential and specialized health services-as the ‘flood control version’ of the DOH.

Budget sponsor and Bataan Rep. Albert Garcia clarified, however, that the HFEP had no ‘ghost health facilities’: ‘They exist, but because of the lack of personnel and health care professionals who could run them, they are not functioning.’

He also explained that the department had entered into memoranda of agreement with local governments ‘in good faith,’ expecting them to provide personnel for the facilities they requested.

‘Probably some of our LGUs lacked the funds to hire doctors and midwives, which is beyond the jurisdiction of the secretary,’ Garcia said, adding that the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) may need to step in since it oversees LGUs.

‘But they are there waiting to be activated and hopefully we can assign personnel to them so they could provide services to our countrymen,’ Garcia added.

Launched in 2008, the HFEP is a banner program under the DOH that aims to ensure that the poor and marginalized sectors of society have access to appropriate health facilities.

Specifically, it provides funding assistance for infrastructure and equipment of government health facilities nationwide, including barangay health stations, rural health units, district and provincial hospitals, and specialty centers.

In a 2017 performance audit, the Commission on Audit (COA) had already flagged deficiencies in HFEP implementation, including problems with procurement of equipment not aligned with the actual needs; undistributed equipment at DOH regional offices, and the construction of health stations on ineligible and nonworkable project sites.

Diokno noted it had been seven years since the findings but only now was the DOH enforcing stricter controls.

The Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS), in a 2025 study, likewise found inequities in HFEP’s grant distribution, with some LGUs receiving funds despite not being among those most in need.

To address gaps, the DOH said it had launched a ‘catch-up plan’ in the second half of 2025 by revising HFEP guidelines to expand implementation modes, and opening 55 Bagong Urgent Care and Ambulatory Service (BUCAS) centers nationwide to temporarily provide primary care while idle facilities await personnel. /cb