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Sixty-five years after independence, Nigeria’s telecommunications sector reflects both the nation’s remarkable progress and its unfinished struggles.

From colonial telegraphs in the late 19th century to a digital ecosystem with more than 220 million active lines today, telecoms have become a powerful driver of economic inclusion and innovation.

Yet stubborn gaps, including vandalism, broadband shortfalls, power deficits, multiple taxation, and regulatory hurdles, amongst others, continue to dim the gains.

From telegraphs to 172m lines

Nigeria’s telecoms journey began in 1886 when Cable and Wireless established the first telegraphic link. At independence in 1960, just 18,724 fixed telephone lines served a population of 40 million. The department of Posts and Telecommunications oversaw the network, which remained limited and unreliable. Ambitious targets under the First National Development Plan (1962-1968) sought to expand coverage, but the civil war stunted progress, leaving results at less than half of projections. The 1970s and 1980s brought incremental growth, but service was still costly and inefficient.

A turning point came in 1985 with the merger of the Posts and Telecommunications Department and Nigerian External Telecommunications into Nigerian Telecommunications Limited (NITEL), a state monopoly. NITEL struggled to deliver efficient service, and by the late 1980s, reforms were overdue.

The 1988 Privatization and Commercialization Decree signaled change, but meaningful liberalisation only arrived in the 1990s. The creation of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) in 1992 opened the door to competition, while the 2000 National Telecommunications Policy under president Olusegun Obasanjo dismantled NITEL’s monopoly. GSM licensing in 2001 marked the dawn of a new era.

GSM era sparks growth

Operators like MTN and Globacom transformed Nigeria’s telecoms landscape almost overnight. In 2001, fewer than half a million lines existed. Today, subscriptions is about 172 million, according to NCC latest data. Telecoms now contribute roughly 14 percent of GDP, enabling e-commerce, fintech, and social connectivity on a scale unimaginable a generation ago.

Infrastructure milestones such as Glo-1, the first submarine cable fully owned by an African operator, showcased Nigeria’s ambition to connect globally.

The Nigerian Communications Act of 2003 cemented a strong regulatory framework, ensuring competition and attracting massive private investment.

Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda

Since May 2023, telecommunications has taken on greater prominence under President Bola Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda. Bosun Tijani, minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, has championed a 2023-2027 Strategic Blueprint anchored on five pillars: knowledge, policy, infrastructure, innovation, and trade.

The results are already visible. More than 117,000 Nigerians have been trained under the 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) program, exceeding early targets. Global partnerships have been struck with MTN, Airtel, the European Union, and UNDP, while Nigeria launched a National AI Strategy to position itself as a continental leader in emerging technologies.

Investor confidence has returned, buoyed by policy moves such as scrapping the controversial five percent telecom tax and approving tariff adjustments. Foreign direct investment in ICT surged nine-fold from $22 million to $191 million in the first quarter of 2024. Operators, too, are doubling down: MTN Nigeria has pledged N1 trillion in capital expenditure for 2025 alone. ‘Stable policies and regulatory clarity are enabling us to reinvest in quality of service. It is a testament to how far the sector has come and how much more it can deliver,’ said Karl Toriola, chief executive officer of MTN Nigeria.

Broadband, power gaps, vandalism persist

Despite progress, major gaps persist. Broadband penetration stood at 48.81 percent in August 2025, far short of the 70 percent target set in the National Broadband Plan. Rural communities remain underserved, hobbled by power shortages, multiple taxation, and right-of-way bottlenecks.

The World Bank estimates that Nigeria’s infrastructure gap costs the economy $29 billion annually. Power shortages alone erode quality of service, with telecom operators spending heavily on diesel to run approximately 40,000 sites nationwide.

Gbenga Adebayo, chairman of the Association of Licensed Telecommunications Operators of Nigeria (ALTON), warned that systemic barriers remain. ‘Multiple taxation, vandalism and high cost of Right of Way are still major problems that need to be addressed to encourage more investments,’ he said. Ambitious projects ahead

Government officials insist solutions are in the pipeline. Later this year, the administration plans to roll out Project BRIDGE, a $2 billion, 90,000-kilometre national fibre network, alongside 7,000 new towers, 80 percent of which will serve underserved areas.

Other initiatives include e-governance platforms, Talent City innovation hubs, and expansion of the 3MTT program to train more digital workers.

‘We believe we should build and are building a resilient global system to ensure Nigeria is not just keeping pace with digital infrastructure but also strengthening it,’ Tijani said.

NCC’s policy-to-law legacy

For the NCC, Nigeria’s telecoms story has always rested on strong policy foundations. Aminu Maida, the commission’s executive vice chairman, recalled that the National Telecommunications Policy (2000) paved the way for the Nigerian Communications Act (2003), which transformed connectivity.

‘We moved from about 500,000 fixed lines to almost 80 million active lines in under a decade. Competition drove innovation and affordability; even with recent tariff adjustments, the average price per minute remains below the N50 per minute level at the dawn of GSM,’ Maida said.

Newer policies, including the National Policy on 5G, the National Broadband Plan (2020-2025) and the National Cybersecurity Policy, are shaping today’s landscape. Meanwhile, indigenous content and online child protection frameworks are in early stages of implementation.

Looking ahead, Maida said the NCC’s focus will be on expanding fibre-to-buildings, ensuring affordable high-speed connectivity, and building resilience against vandalism and infrastructure disruptions. ‘Our goal is a robust, resilient, safe, and secure internet for all citizens, businesses, and government,’ he stated.

As Nigeria reflects on its independence milestone, the telecoms sector stands as both a symbol of progress and a reminder of unfinished business. From 18,724 lines in 1960 to 172 million active subscriptions today, the sector’s trajectory underscores the transformative power of connectivity.

But broadband gaps, power shortages, and policy hurdles still hold back its full potential. Closing those gaps and ensuring equitable access may well define how completely telecoms can deliver on the promise of inclusion in Africa’s largest economy.

Mainstream Energy Solutions Limited (MESL), in a bid to advance the Nigerian energy landscape has signed an agreement with Granville Energy (PTY) Limited to design, build, finance, and operate a 100MW floating solar power plant at the Kainji hydro power plant.

Speaking during the signing ceremony in Abuja on Tuesday, Sani Bello, Chairman, Board of Directors, Mainstream Energy Solutions, said that the project is a significant step forward in the company’s mission to transform Nigeria’s energy landscape.

He explained that when fully operational, the project would provide thousands of Nigerian homes and businesses with clean, reliable energy, supporting economic developmen while minimizing environmental impact. ‘We are proud to partner with Granville Energy (PTY) Limited, to design, build, finance, and operate a 100MW floating solar power plant at the Kainji hydro power plant. This pioneer project, embodies our unwavering commitment to increasing power generation in Nigeria while promoting sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions.

‘As an organisation. we have consistently demonstrated our commitment to renewable energy, aligning this with our mission statement and the focus areas of our Corporate Social Responsibility interventions. This MOU signing is a testament of our resolve to drive positive change and contribute to Nigeria’s economic growth. ‘This aligns perfectly with our core objective: powering Nigeria’s economic growth in an environmentally responsible manner,’ he said.

Abba Aliyu, Managing Director, Renewable Electrification Agency (REA) noted that Nigeria currently has a highest number of people without electricity, with most of these people located in the rural and urban areas of the country.

For him, the most economically viable means of providing them this electricity is through distributed renewable energy, through the deployment of renewable sources.

‘For us to have an opportunity where 100 megawatts of renewable energy can be injected into the grid, for us this is a huge and significant increase in the renewable mix of the country. I will say that apart from the Azura that was 450 megawatts that was added as a Greenfield, and Zungeru, which mainstream is very much active in managing that, there is not any significant renewable capacity that is added into the grid.

‘Initially Rural Electrification Agency currently is working on injecting about 188.4 megawatts through interconnected mini-grids, one of which we intend to be the first that will do the floating solar in the University of Lagos, where we will put the panels by the side of the lagoon to power the University of Lagos.

‘But definitely, the commitment of mainstream and the partners Granville Energy, is something that the federal government will always have pleasure and will always key into it’, he added.

The Federal High Court in Abuja has adjourned the arraignment of Omoyele Sowore, publisher of Sahara Reporters, to October 27.

Justice Mohammed Umar granted the adjournment on Tuesday to allow Sowore time to prepare his defence.

Sowore, who contested the presidency under the African Action Congress (AAC) in the 2019 and 2023 elections, is facing a five-count charge.

The Department of State Services (DSS), acting on behalf of the Federal Government, filed the case against Sowore, X Inc. (formerly Twitter), and Meta Platforms Inc. (owners of Facebook), naming them as the first, second, and third defendants.

The case, numbered FHC/ABJ/CR/484/2025, was filed on September 16.

Sowore is alleged to have made a defamatory statement about President Bola Tinubu, referring to him as ‘a criminal’ in posts shared on his Facebook and X accounts. When the case was called on Tuesday, Sowore and Meta’s legal representative were present in court, but no counsel appeared for X.

DSS counsel, Mohammed Abubakar, requested that the charges be read to the defendants to enable them to enter their pleas. However, Sowore’s lawyer, Marshall Abubakar, objected.

He argued that the charge had not been formally served on his client and noted that all defendants must be represented in court, especially in a case involving multiple parties.

He added that the second defendant, X, must be represented to confirm proper service. The judge noted that court records showed both Meta and X had been served electronically via email.

The DSS counsel then sought permission to serve the charge on Sowore in open court. Justice Umar granted the request, as there was no objection from either Abubakar or Meta’s counsel, Mofesomo Tayo-Oyetibo, SAN.

Abubakar also requested an adjournment to give Sowore time to prepare his defence in accordance with Section 282(6) of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA), 2015.

The court granted the request and adjourned the arraignment to October 27.

The charge was filed shortly after the DSS asked Sowore to remove the alleged defamatory posts from his Facebook and X accounts.

Sowore is accused of violating the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, etc.) Amendment Act, 2024.

In the first count, the prosecution alleges that on or about August 25, Sowore used his X account, @YeleSowore, to post the following message:

‘THIS CRIMINAL @ OFFICIAL PBAT ACTUALLY WENT TO BRAZIL TO STATE THAT THERE IS NO MORE CORRUPTION UNDER HIS REGIME IN NIGERIA. WHAT AUDACITY TO LIE SHAMELESSLY!’

The message is alleged to be false and intended to incite public disorder, particularly among individuals with differing views about the president.

The alleged offence contravenes Section 24(1)(b) of the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, etc.) Amendment Act, 2024, among other provisions.

The National Working Committee (NWC) of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) has at its meeting held on Tuesday, pursuant to its powers under the Constitution approved the dissolution of the Akwa State Executive of the party.

Consequently, the NWC approved the composition of a 31-member caretaker committee to run the affairs of the Akwa Ibom State Chapter from Tuesday, September 30th, 2025 for a period not exceeding three months, or until such a time a new State Executive Committee would be elected in the State.

BusinessDay reports that the members of the Akwa Ibom State PDP Caretaker Committee, including Igwat Umoren, Chairman; Harrison Ekpo, Deputy Chairman; Borono Bassey, Secretary; and Ewa Okpo, a Lawyer, as the Publicity Secretary. Others include Emman Mbong, Organising Secretary; Aniekan Asuquo, Youth Leader; Mary Silvia Abara, Woman Leader; Enoch Enoch, a Lawyer as Legal Adviser.

Also appointed are Aniebiet Cornelius, Member; Udim Peters, Member; Ayanime Obot, Member; Ofon Michael, Member; Esther Bassey Effiong, Member; David Umanah, Member; Usenmfon Ibanga, Member; and Unwana Assam, Member; among others.

Debo Ologunagba, the National Publicity Secretary of the party, who made the announcement in a statement made available to the media, called ‘on all leaders, critical stakeholders and teeming members of our Party in Akwa Ibom State to remain united and continue to work together for the progress of the Party.’

BusinessDay fruther reports that since Governor Umo Eno defected from PDP to the All Progressives Congress (APC) in June, 2025 the party has been unable to assert itself as an opposition party in Akwa Ibom State.

Bassey Otu, Cross River State governor, has felicitated former Governor Donald Duke on the occasion of his 64th birthday, describing him as a statesman of rare distinction whose legacy continues to inspire the state and the nation.

In a statement conveyed through his Chief Press Secretary and Special Adviser on Media and Publicity, Mr Linus Obogo, Governor Otu extolled Duke as a leader whose name sparkles in the annals of Cross River’s political history. He noted that his tenure as governor remains a shining testament to courage, compassion and progress.

According to Governor Otu, ‘Former Governor Duke’s time in office was not merely about governance but a renaissance of vision, service and passion. It was a season when hope blossomed, and Cross River’s pride was rekindled. His leadership lit a path that continues to guide our collective aspirations.’

The governor stressed that Duke’s legacy is not measured only in physical structures or projects, but in the intangible yet enduring values he championed-innovation, creativity, and a bold belief in the ability of Cross River to lead where others hesitated. These, he said, remain living testaments to the power of vision-driven leadership.

He recalled that the Duke years saw Cross River reimagined as a hub of culture, tourism, and enterprise, where the Carnival Calabar gained global acclaim and the state became a reference point for creative governance. ‘Those were years when Cross River’s name was etched on the national and international map in colours too bold to fade,’ Otu remarked. Otu added that the former governor’s contributions went beyond infrastructure, capturing the very soul of the people through policies that touched lives, ignited dreams and rekindled faith in the boundless possibilities of purposeful leadership. ‘Such footprints,’ he declared, ‘cannot be erased from the sands of time.’

The governor further observed that even beyond office, Duke has remained a beacon of wisdom, radiating the qualities of an elder statesman whose words carry weight and whose life is a wellspring of inspiration for the younger generation. His enduring relevance, Otu said, speaks to a life anchored on service and vision.

‘As you celebrate sixty-four glorious years, I rejoice in your new chapter as a statesman and fountain of inspiration,’ Governor Otu said, while praying that God grants him renewed strength, abiding joy and enduring fulfilment in the years ahead.

‘On behalf of the Government and the good people of Cross River State, I heartily felicitate with you, Your Excellency, and wish you a happy 64th birthday. May your light never dim, and may your days be crowned with peace, laughter and divine favour,’ the governor added.

The Federal Government has announced plans to expand the annual enrollment of medical students to 20,000 in order to expand access to medical education and retain critical health manpower in the face of the rising japa trend, which has seen many professionals leave the country in search of better opportunities abroad.

Maruf Tunji Alausa, the minister of education, made this known on Monday in Abuja while delivering a keynote address at the launch of the Federal Ministry of Education’s Communication Strategy (2025-2027).

According to him, the reforms are part of the Nigeria Education Sector Renewal Initiative (NESRI), inspired by President Bola Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda, which positions education as a catalyst for national renewal.

Alausa disclosed that enrollment in Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy has doubled in recent years, with medical student intake rising from about 5,000 to a projected 20,000 in the 2025/2026 academic session. Nursing admissions have also grown exponentially, from 28,000 to 115,000 nationwide.

‘We have doubled the intake of students in Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmacy in our health educational institutions. For medical students for example, from an enrollment of 5,000 students a couple of years back, we are well on our way to achieving 20,000 this new academic year. These are all aimed at addressing the critical manpower shortages in the health sector.

‘These interventions are deliberate steps to address critical manpower shortages in the health sector and ensure that Nigerians are not denied access to quality healthcare because of the japa syndrome,’ the minister said.

He further disclosed that 18 medical schools are being equipped with modern facilities, while 1,000 laboratories are being upgraded in senior secondary schools in partnership with the Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF).

‘We are partnering with the Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF) to equip 1000 Laboratories in our senior secondary schools nationwide. ‘Nursing student intake has risen to 115,000 nationwide, from an initial figure of 28,000 which we met on ground. This would greatly increase the number of Nurses that would serve the nation despite the JAPA syndrome we are currently facing now,’

Beyond medical education, the minister highlighted other NESRI achievements, including the government’s foundational education strategy, which has expanded access to basic education in underserved and rural communities.

The minister noted that in just six months, 4,900 classrooms were constructed, 3,000 renovated, 34 model and smart schools established, and 353,000 furniture supplied, impacting more than 2.3 million learners nationwide. On tackling out-of-school children, Alausa disclosed that the Almajiri Commission has mapped nearly one million children, while 35,000 learners have been reintegrated into formal education through TVET centres. He added that 1,400 Tsangaya teachers have been trained and policies on Almajiri and non-state schools strengthened.

Other initiatives outlined by the minister include: The launch of a TVET digital platform that has attracted over 1.3 million applicants.

Free education in federal and selected state technical schools from the 2025/26 academic year, covering tuition, boarding, feeding, and a ?22,500 monthly stipend.

Nigeria’s membership of WorldSkills International, giving artisans global certification opportunities.

The training of 6,000 teachers in Artificial Intelligence (AI) to prepare learners for the digital future.

The introduction of the Tertiary Institutions Staff Support Fund (TISSF), a ?10 million interest-free revolving loan scheme for staff of public tertiary institutions.

The minister reiterated that education remains central to national renewal, assuring that the government will continue to implement reforms that bridge gaps in access, quality, and relevance while tackling brain drain across key sectors.

Speaking on the Communications Strategy (2025-2027), Alausa said it is designed to strengthen transparency, accountability, and public trust through unified and data-driven communication.

According to him, the strategy provides a coordinated framework for the Ministry, its agencies, and parastatals to communicate reforms effectively. Its key objectives include: establishing clear priorities and target audiences, standardising processes and branding, enhancing public awareness of policies, and improving interdepartmental alignment using evidence-based planning.

The plan rests on five strategic pillars: Unified Messaging and Branding, Stakeholder Engagement and Public Trust, Crisis Communication and Reputation Management, Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning and Capacity Building and Professionalisation of Communication.

To achieve these, the strategy outlines measures such as appointing departmental communication focal points, activating a shared content calendar, developing a knowledge hub, and training communication officers in media relations, digital engagement, and crisis response.

System-strengthening measures include integrating communication into departmental budgets, institutionalising stakeholder feedback loops, and applying real-time monitoring to adjust messaging and channels.

Expected outcomes, according to the ministry, include consistent and credible messaging across the education sector, stronger alignment between communication and policy delivery, improved public awareness, and an institutionalised culture of proactive, data-driven communication.

Alausa reaffirmed that education remains central to Nigeria’s national renewal, adding that the twin goals of expanding human capital and building public trust will drive the sector forward under the Renewed Hope Agenda.

Two weeks ago in this column, I argued that Africa must look beyond aid if we are to build sustainable futures. That argument was not theoretical. At last week’s United Nations General Assembly (UNGA80), I saw it in practice; African innovators, governments, and communities demonstrating that we are not waiting for permission, we are already shaping the solutions the world urgently needs.

‘The thread running through all of this is clear: innovation is not a product to be bought; it is a system to be nurtured.’

It was a privilege for eHealth Africa to co-host Africa-led Innovation: Shaping Sustainable Futures With or Without Aid, alongside PSI, Population Council, and Reach Digital Health. The title was deliberate. For too long, aid has dominated the development conversation. But in the packed room of leaders, practitioners, and funders, the energy was different. The focus was on Africa’s leadership and on the kinds of partnerships that can make our innovations last.

The global stage, the African voice

Our session was just one of many at UNGA80 grappling with the reality that the development landscape is undergoing a shift. A long-anticipated declaration on noncommunicable diseases stalled in last-minute controversy, yet what stood out to me was not the discord but the clear momentum from governments and civil society pushing for accelerated action. Similarly, bold replenishment calls in global education reminded us of the urgency; nearly 900 million children could leave school by 2040 without decisive investment.

These global debates underscore why Africa’s voice matters. We cannot afford to be mere recipients of frameworks negotiated elsewhere. We must co-create the solutions and ensure they are rooted in our realities.

Innovation as identity

Hon. Minister Chernor Bah opened our dialogue with the simple truth that ‘innovation is who we are as Africans.’ This is not new. From community systems that bridged gaps in the absence of state capacity to the digital health platforms now connecting workers across borders, our history is one of innovating out of necessity and resilience.

But as Minister Salima Bah reminded us, innovation must be sector-specific. Different challenges require tailored responses. A one-size-fits-all model of aid or investment will not deliver sustainable futures.

From shiny objects to systems

Too often, innovation is confused with technology alone. Yet as Michael Holscher observed, ‘innovation is rarely about a single shiny object.’ Policy, partnerships, and business models are just as important. Without them, even the most brilliant app or device risks fading after a promising pilot.

Fara Ndiaye underscored that accountability only works when governments, funders, the private sector, and communities move side by side. Dr Kemi DaSilva-Ibru reminded us that solutions must be designed with the most marginalised in mind. Judith Bruce made a compelling call for investment in ‘female infrastructure’ as a foundation for sustainable growth.

The thread running through all of this is clear: innovation is not a product to be bought; it is a system to be nurtured.

Health as an economic driver

Another theme at UNGA80 resonated deeply: health is not a drain on economies; it is a driver of prosperity. Vanessa Kerry, WHO’s Special Envoy on Climate and Health, captured it well when she said, ‘Health workers are the very versatile front line of responding to all the crises we see today.’ Strong health systems stabilise communities, support economic growth, and provide the resilience needed to withstand climate shocks.

The capital question

But if innovation is who we are, financing remains the test of whether it can endure. Too much capital in global health and development is rigid, short-term, and donor-driven. What Africa’s innovators need, what the world needs, is flexible, trust-based capital.

Trust-based does not mean unchecked. It means financing that respects local expertise, allows for adaptation, and creates room for growth. It is the kind of capital that recognises that those closest to the problems are often closest to the solutions. This approach is gaining traction globally, but it must become the norm, not the exception.

Building forward together

Leaving UNGA80, I felt both urgency and optimism. Urgency, because the scale of global challenges, from climate change to noncommunicable diseases to education gaps, is staggering. Optimism, because I saw first-hand the brilliance and resilience of African leaders, innovators, and communities who are already shaping solutions.

The lesson for all of us is clear. Health, education, climate, and finance cannot be siloed. Partnerships must be cross-sectoral, inclusive, and long-term. Women, girls, and marginalised communities must be at the centre. And innovation must be nurtured not as a series of pilots, but as systems built to last.

If we do this, Africa will not only shape its own sustainable future, but it will also help shape the world’s sustainable future.

Nigeria is seeing an increasing cases of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with a treatment cost that is deepening household poverty, health experts and multiple studies show.

As Nigerians join the rest of the world to mark World Heart Day today, experts warn that CVDs are becoming a major casue of mortality and also impoverishing households. They stress that poor awareness of risk factors, a shortage of specialists, and the country’s weak health insurance coverage are compounding the crisis, leaving millions of citizens to pay out-of-pocket for expensive treatments.

Also, several studies reviewed by BusinessDay found that the cost of care doubles the poverty headcount among households.

Akin Osibogun, chairman of the Nigeria Heart Foundation, noted that the prevalence of CVDs had risen from 10% in 1990 to 28% today, and globally, about 20 million people die annually from CVDs.

Osibogun decried Nigeria’s low health insurance coverage, stressing that the cost of care remains unaffordable for many. According to the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA), barely 10% of Nigeria’s estimated 220 million people are insured, while the rest are forced to pay out-of-pocket.

A study published in the Public Library of Science in 2021, based on a survey of patients who accessed healthcare in public and specialised heart hospitals, revealed that patients paying out-of-pocket faces catastrophic health expenditure (CHE).

The study found that 54.6% of CVD patient households incurred CHE, with the poorest households facing a 60-fold higher chance of incurring CHE relative to wealthier households.

The study also concluded that health expenditures doubled household poverty headcount, from 8.13% to 16.4%.

Private hospitals also report prohibitive costs. Lagoon Hospitals noted that cardiology care in Nigeria remains out of reach for most families. At Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), a valve replacement procedure costs about ?3.2 million, while a hole-in-the-heart surgery ranges between ?2.5 million and ?2.7 million. With average monthly incomes ranging between ?85,700 and ?1.5 million and with 63 per cent of Nigerians living below the poverty line, experts say life-saving procedures are priced as luxuries for the majority.

It found that heart failure, cardiomyopathies, rheumatic heart disease, and coronary artery disease-are increasingly prevalent in Nigeria, adding that Hypertension remains the leading risk factor, yet one-third of hypertensive Nigerians receive no treatment, while another third fail to maintain controlled blood pressure.

On addressing treatment cost, Osibogun, emphasised the need to strengthen local manufacturing to reduce the cost of healthcare and make treatments more accessible to Nigerians.

The expert expressed concerns that ‘Ignorance is the greatest challenge,’ in addressing CVDs as many Nigerians are no aware of risk factor such as excessive salt intake.

He also warned that air pollution is an emerging driver of heart disease. ‘Due to air pollution, the concentration of oxygen is reduced by pollutants, so the heart has to work harder, almost in overdrive,’ Osibogun said.

He also urged citizens to adopt healthier lifestyles, highlighting the benefits of eating well and engaging in regular physical activity. ‘We need to move more,’ he said, stressing that exercise is a key preventive measure against cardiovascular diseases.

He recommended that primary healthcare centres (PHCs) provide cardiovascular healthcare services, as they are the closest point of care for most Nigerians.

Furthermore on prevalence, a 2022 study published in the National Library of Science found that CVD-related admissions are rising in Nigeria and across Africa. Conducted in a Lagos tertiary hospital, the study reviewed CVD admissions over a 16-year period and revealed exponential increases.

Between 2002 and 2005, cumulative CVD admissions stood at 468. By 2009, the figure had risen to 1,490, a 201.1% increase. By 2013, it had climbed to 2,883 – representing a 516% increase. By 2017, total admissions stood at 4,436, an 847.9% increase from the 2002 baseline. The study noted that both admissions and death rates were rising sharply, reflecting Nigeria’s ongoing epidemiological transition.

A 2024 study, ‘The Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Attributable to Hypertension in Nigeria: A Modelling Study Using Summary-Level Data’, published in Global Heart, confirmed hypertension as the primary driver of CVDs. The findings showed hypertension contributes to 13.2% of myocardial infarctions, 24.6 percent of all stroke cases, and 21.6 percent of ischaemic stroke cases. Its role is even greater in intracerebral haemorrhagic strokes, accounting for 33.1 percent.

Kayode Egbetokun, Inspector-General of Police (IGP), on Monday urged newly called-to-Bar police officers to uphold integrity, professionalism, and discipline as they assume dual responsibilities as law enforcement officers and legal practitioners.

Addressing the officers at the Force Headquarters in Abuja, the IGP described their success as a milestone achievement that would add strategic value to the Nigeria Police Force (NPF) and strengthen the country’s justice system.

‘It gives me great pride to welcome you. Today, we are not only recognizing personal success; we are celebrating an achievement that strengthens the Nigeria Police Force and adds value to our country,’ he said.

He also congratulated the officers on their successful completion of the Nigerian Law School programme, noting with pride that one of them graduated with First Class Honours, which he described as a rare and outstanding feat that has brought honour to the Force.

The Police Chief emphasized that law enforcement cannot be effective without a strong legal foundation.

He stressed that the officers’ legal training positioned them to serve as defenders of the law in the field and as custodians of justice in the courtroom.

According to him, every action taken by the Police must be grounded in law, every power exercised must be backed by law, and every responsibility borne must be judged by law.

Egbetokun highlighted that their entry into the profession coincided with the recent elevation of the Police Legal Section to the Force Directorate of Legal Services, now headed by an Assistant Inspector-General of Police.

He explained that the upgrade was not symbolic but strategic, designed to provide sharper legal direction, ensure watertight prosecutions, safeguard the institution against legal vulnerabilities, and influence policy at the highest levels.

He told the officers that they were joining the Directorate at a defining moment and that its success would depend heavily on their contributions.

He further stressed that the Police did not need lawyers in uniform for decoration, but officers who would add tangible value to the institution.

He urged them to ensure that prosecutions are handled professionally, conduct themselves with integrity that is above reproach, and provide legal opinions that commanders can rely on with confidence.

He also encouraged them to help align the Force with constitutional standards, human rights obligations, and international best practices, while serving as role models to other officers who aspire to combine policing with legal practice.

The IGP reminded the officers that their call to the Bar had doubled their responsibilities, making them accountable to the Force, the legal profession, and the Nigerian people.

He cautioned them against misusing their legal knowledge for personal advantage, urging them instead to channel it into service that would strengthen the Directorate and uplift the Police Force.

‘Excellence will be recognized and rewarded. Mediocrity will not be tolerated,’ he said.

He added that the combination of their uniform and the lawyer’s gown placed them in a demanding yet privileged position, requiring humility, discipline, and loyalty to the Force.

Egbetokun charged the officers to justify the investment the Police had made in their legal education, insisting that their performance would not only shape their careers but also determine the credibility of the Nigeria Police as a professional law enforcement institution.

He declared that the achievement was not merely about the gown they would wear in court, but about the standards they would set while in uniform.

‘The Police at this time, more than ever before, need lawyers who will make the law work for justice, for discipline, and for Nigeria,’ he said.

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) will inaugurate the Governor’s Annual Lecture Series on Friday, October 3, 2025, at the Honeywell Auditorium, Lagos Business School, Pan-Atlantic University.

Themed ‘Next Generation Leadership in Monetary Policy and Nation Building,’ the lecture marks the launch of a flagship platform under the CBN Governor’s Knowledge Acceleration and Thought Leadership Initiative. The series is designed to strengthen dialogue between the Bank and thought leaders across academia, business, policy, and civil society.

This inaugural edition coincides with the second anniversary of Team Cardoso’s leadership at the CBN, a milestone reflecting reforms that have stabilised the naira, improved key economic indicators, and restored international investor confidence in Nigeria’s economy.

The platform will convene policymakers, industry leaders, academics, and students from leading tertiary institutions, highlighting the central role of monetary policy in driving stability, growth, and nation-building.

The choice of Lagos Business School as the inaugural host reflects its reputation as a hub for leadership and policy innovation, offering an environment that bridges theory and practice and encourages rigorous debate.

Through this initiative, the CBN underscores its commitment not only to safeguarding Nigeria’s macroeconomic stability but also to investing in the next generation of leaders who will sustain and build on today’s progress.