Azerbaijan expands green energy projects in Aghdara

In line with instructions from President Ilham Aliyev, Azerbaijan’s AzerEnerji is implementing major energy projects in the Aghdara district, further strengthening the region’s electricity infrastructure.

Two hydropower plants, the 8.2 MW Chardagli-1 and 6.8 MW Chardagli-2, are being constructed along the section of the Tartarchay River passing through Aghdara. As part of the projects, water intake facilities and powerhouse buildings are being constructed for both plants, while a total of 11.4 kilometers of diversion pipelines, each with a diameter of 2,400 millimeters, are being laid across challenging mountainous terrain.

According to AzerEnerji, the 10.4 MW Hasanriz Hydropower Plant in Aghdara is also being reconstructed in line with modern standards. At the same time, the existing 110/35/10 kV Hasanriz substation is being dismantled and fully rebuilt using the latest digital technologies.

The upgraded substation is expected to improve the reliability of electricity supplies to consumers, including industrial facilities, while ensuring the secure and uninterrupted transmission of electricity generated by the Sarsang and other hydropower plants in the region to Azerbaijan’s national power grid.

Earlier, as part of efforts to strengthen the region’s energy infrastructure, a 42-kilometer, 110 kV double-circuit Kalbajar-Hasanriz transmission line was constructed between Kalbajar and Aghdara. Its connection to the 110 kV transmission line coming from the direction of Shusha has created a reliable, stable and flexible circular power supply system for the Karabakh region.

In addition, a new 14.7 MW Gozlukorpu Hydropower Plant has been built in Aghdara. The facility was inaugurated in January this year in the presence of President Ilham Aliyev.

The ongoing projects are positioning Aghdara alongside Kalbajar and Lachin, which are emerging as green energy hubs in the East Zangazur economic region. The development of renewable energy capacity is strengthening the region’s energy security while supporting the reconstruction and economic development of Karabakh.

NDC welcomes new general manager

The National Development Co. (NDC) has welcomed Robert James Samson as its new general manager.

The announcement was made by the NDC following Samson’s formal oath-taking before Trade Secretary Cristina Roque.

Samson is stepping into the role with over a decade of international business development and investment management experience.

He has worked with major international companies, institutions, creators, innovators and investors across various fields.

Under Samson’s leadership, NDC aims to strengthen and diversify its investment portfolio.

As part of this goal, NDC will mobilize strategic partnerships.

It will also focus on emerging investment opportunities, as well as those providing long-term value to the economy.

Samson earned his degree from the University of California, Los Angeles.

NDC serves as the investment arm of the Department of Trade and Industry.

Under its Revised Charter, NDC, on its own or in partnership with the private sector, may undertake vital projects when necessary or when the private sector is not willing or unable to do so due to high risks or lack of funds.

The state-owned enterprise is investing in diverse industries to help achieve inclusive economic growth.

Over 100 gamblers arrested at two Chiang Mai dens

More than 100 people were arrested on Friday night when authorities raided two large gambling dens equipped with tight security measures.

Special task force units conducted simultaneous raids on the two locations at 8pm following complaints about illegal gambling in residential and commercial areas of the northern border province, according to the Department of Provincial Administration.

In tambon Chang Phueak, Muang district, officials found a gambling den on the first floor of Phattharawan Place in the Santitham area, a mixed residential and commercial neighbourhood north of Chiang Mai’s Old Town.

The premises, known as the ‘Phattharawan gambling den’, had been converted into a large hall offering several types of gambling, including hi-lo, fish-shooting games and baccarat.

Authorities said the den had tight security measures in place. Customers were searched and required to surrender their mobile phones before entering. Another venue, known as the ‘Sri Ping Muang den’, was in tambon Haiya at Kad Wiang Ping food centre. It occupied a single-storey building with only one entrance and exit.

Customers were likewise required to hand over their mobile phones before entering.

Gambling games involving animal pictures and a traditional Thai gambling dice game called nam tao pu pla were offered, with Thais and foreigners coming and going throughout the day, authorities said.

The dens were reportedly open around the clock.

The suspects and evidence will be handed over to investigators for legal proceedings, said the administration department.

During the raids, officials arrested more than 100 gamblers, 14 alleged gambling organisers, eight of them foreign nationals, and four alleged facilitators.

They also seized various items as evidence, including cash and gambling chips worth over 2 million baht, gambling equipment, transaction records and documents related to the rental of the premises.

Shanakiyan raises alarm over Ministry’s handling of Saudi death sentence case

ITAK MP Shanakiyan Rasamanickam has raised grave concerns over the reported death sentence handed down to Sri Lankan national Anojan Sivarasa in Saudi Arabia, urging the Government to act immediately to save his life.

In a statement posted on X, Rasamanickam said he intends to raise the matter in Parliament next week, questioning the Foreign Ministry’s handling of the case and the consular accountability surrounding the appeal process.

Sivarasa was initially sentenced to five years’ imprisonment and a fine of three million Saudi Riyals over allegations of defamatory remarks against Islam, but has reportedly received a death sentence following his appeal.

Rasamanickam said the family proceeded with the appeal on the advice of Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Arun Hemachandra, despite the Embassy’s own legal assessment describing the chances of success as ‘extremely low.’

According to Rasamanickam, the family paid nearly Rs. 2 million in legal fees into an account identified with the Foreign Affairs Ministry Secretary, after being instructed to do so.

Documents from the Consular Division show the appeal was filed on 24 August, 2026, but the Ministry’s letter forwarding the appeal to the family was dated 16 September, 2026, despite repeated requests for earlier access.

The appeal, submitted to the Court of Appeal in the Eastern Region, identifies Attorney Adlan Abdullah Al Subaie as counsel. However, the family claims a different lawyer appeared in court and that they were never informed of his identity or contact details.

‘Who selected and instructed the lawyer who actually appeared? How was the money disbursed? Why was the appeal not provided to the family at the relevant time?’ Rasamanickam asked, adding that these circumstances raise serious questions about possible failures in the consular and diplomatic handling of the case, which he will pursue in Parliament.

Rasamanickam stressed that accountability must not delay immediate action. ‘The Government must urgently secure experienced independent legal representation, pursue every remaining legal remedy and clemency process, and make diplomatic representations at the highest level in Saudi Arabia,’ he said, adding that every legal, consular, diplomatic and humanitarian avenue must now be used to save Sivarasa’s life, as ‘a Sri Lankan citizen’s life is at stake.’

The Foreign Affairs Ministry has said it remains engaged in the matter through its diplomatic network and bilateral channels with Saudi authorities, and is awaiting the formal written judgment from the competent Saudi judicial authorities, which will set out the official details and legal basis of the decision.

Philippines chicken imports seen rising next year

The Philippines is expected to import more chicken meat next year due to higher demand from the manufacturing and food service sectors, according to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).

In a report, the USDA’s Foreign Agricultural Service said that Philippine chicken imports are estimated to reach 780,000 metric tons (MT) in ready-to-cook equivalent in 2027.

‘Imports are forecast to trend upward as demand from the food manufacturing and food service industries continues to rise, driven by population growth and better economic performance projected for 2027,’ it said.

The recent estimate is 14.7-percent higher than the revised 680,000 MT in ready-to-cook equivalent seen for 2026.

According to the international agency, Brazilian chicken would continue to dominate the chicken market next year due to its price advantage relative to other suppliers to the Philippines.

Imports from Brazil are expected to capture the majority of the market in total Philippine chicken meat imports.

Citing industry contacts, the USDA said that prices for Brazilian chicken meat remain competitive compared to other trading partners, particularly the United States, the European Union and Canada.

Imports of mechanically deboned meat (MDM) of chicken from Brazil made up about 66 percent of all imports as of July, according to the Bureau of Animal Industry.

MDM chicken is a typical ingredient in manufactured products, including hotdogs and luncheon meat.

The USDA noted that regionalization agreements for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, or bird flu, with several countries could also allow the eased entry of foreign chicken meat to the Philippines.

Under the scheme, the government will no longer impose a country-wide ban on poultry imports during bird flu outbreaks; instead, the importation of poultry products will be allowed in case-free areas.

Meanwhile, the USDA said that local chicken meat production is forecast to reach 1.92 million MT next year, a 5.8-percent increase from the 1.82 million MT estimate this year.

‘This growth is supported by expanding operations among poultry integrators and other commercial farms, alongside efficiency gains from labor- and time-saving technologies, improved genetics and continuing training for farm personnel,’ it said.

The international agency noted that the local swine sector’s incomplete recovery from African swine fever continues to support poultry output, as raisers have veered away from hog production to poultry.

Electoral Act: Disband INEC over Appeal Court judgment -Gbenga Hashim

Accord Party Presidential candidate and co-Chairman of Movement for Democratic Renewal, Dr. Gbenga Hashim, has called for the disbandment and reconstitution of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) over its blatant disregard of a Court of Appeal judgment on the Electoral Act.

The Court of Appeal had voided Sections 77(5), 77(6), 77(7) and 84(2) of the Electoral Act 2026, and held that the provisions were inconsistent with Sections 221 and 222 of the 1999 Constitution, as amended.

Hashim said the implication of the July 16, 2026 judgment of the Court of Appeal in Abuja instituted by the Zenith Labour Party (ZLP) is far-reaching, arguing that actions taken by INEC under provisions subsequently declared inconsistent with the 1999 Constitution (as amended) could no longer stand.

The judgment followed an appeal by the Zenith Labour Party challenging provisions dealing with political party membership registers and candidate nomination including the timetable and schedule of INEC activities.

The Court of Appeal held that ordinary legislation cannot impose restrictions on political parties that conflict with powers already guaranteed by the Nigerian Constitution (as amended).

The Court of Appeal also stated that, ‘no other condition contained in a subsidiary law could disqualify an individual already qualified by the Constitution.’

Dr. Hashim insisted that reconstitution of the electoral body is germane to a transparent and credible 2027 general election.

Furthermore, he described ‘everything INEC has done’ under the disputed legal framework as a nullity; pending the final determination of the matter by the Supreme Court.

Hashim questioned why the electoral commission would seek to sustain statutory provisions which the Court of Appeal had declared inconsistent with the Constitution.

‘The Constitution is supreme. The National Assembly makes laws. INEC administers elections. INEC is not the Parliament and INEC did not make the Constitution.

‘So when a competent Court of Appeal declares specific provisions of an Electoral Act inconsistent with the Constitution, why is INEC fighting in court to restore those provisions rather than working with relevant political parties to address previous infractions?’

INEC has appealed the judgment to the Supreme Court.

On Wednesday, September 16, 2026, the Supreme Court heard arguments in the appeal and reserved judgment.

A seven-member panel, led by Justice Adamu Jauro, said the date for judgment would be communicated to the parties.

Regardless, Hashim stressed that his objection was not against INEC’s legal right to appeal.

‘Of course, INEC can appeal. The issue is not whether it has the right to appeal. The question Nigerians should ask is; ‘what institutional interest does the electoral umpire have in sustaining provisions which a competent appellate court has declared inconsistent with the Constitution?’

‘Does this not raise questions about INEC’s complicity in the very process that Nigerians are asking it to be an umpire over?’

Hashim warned that the commission’s action could be described as going against Nigeria’s democracy.

‘INEC is fighting in all courts, including the Supreme Court, wasting public resources to hire big lawyers to sustain provisions of the Electoral Act that contradicts the Constitution. INEC is complicit in the perfidy to rape Nigeria’s democracy.

‘INEC, as presently constituted, is a threat to Nigeria’s democratic order.’

According to Hashim, an electoral commission should be the first institution to insist on constitutional compliance rather than defend statutory provisions that have been judicially declared inconsistent with the Constitution.

‘An electoral commission should be the first institution to insist on constitutional compliance.

‘It should not be seen as defending a statutory arrangement that has been judicially declared unconstitutional designed primarily by the ruling party legislators to constrict the democratic space’

Hashim said the development reinforces warnings he had made before now that the 2027 electoral process could become a ‘coronation’ rather than a genuine democratic contest.

‘We warned ever before now that what INEC seeks to do in 2027 is a coronation, not an election.’

He said the danger was not limited to election day, arguing that democracy also depends on whether citizens and political party members are allowed to genuinely participate in selecting candidates.

‘An election means that citizens and members of political parties genuinely participate in choosing their candidates and ultimately their leaders.

‘A coronation is the presentation of a predetermined choice for public endorsement through a process that constricts rather than widens the political space,’ and added that, ‘from all indications, INEC is supervising coronation, not conducting election.’

Hashim also criticised what he described as the silence of some opposition candidates who, according to him, had become less vocal after securing party tickets.

‘Some opposition candidates are deceived because they have been given gate-pass to attend the coronation ceremony and so, have lost their voices.

‘We shall continue to speak because we are not just politicians. We are democrats.’

Hashim also questioned what he described as the ‘conspiracy of silence’ of major media organisations over the Court of Appeal judgment and subsequent Supreme Court proceedings.

‘How can a Court of Appeal judgment declaring portions of the Electoral Act unconstitutional, followed by an appeal by INEC to the Supreme Court, not be one of the biggest stories in Nigeria?

‘How can a matter with direct implications for the rules governing political parties and candidates nomination ahead of 2027 election receive so little sustained national attention?’

He said Nigerians deserve to understand the constitutional questions before the Supreme Court without any attempt to interfere with judicial independence.

‘I am asking Nigerians to understand what is before the Court. Judicial independence does not mean public silence,’ Hashim insisted.

He questioned why major media organisations had not made the case a sustained National story.

‘Where are the front-page investigations? Where are the prime-time constitutional debates? Where are the legal experts explaining to Nigerians what the Court of Appeal actually declared and what the Supreme Court has been asked to determine?

‘Why are we discussing the politics of 2027 without sufficiently discussing the legal architecture under which the 2027 election will be conducted?’

Hashim said the fact that judgment had been reserved made sustained public attention even more important.

‘The case is now before the Supreme Court. The parties have argued their positions. Judgment has been reserved.’

He warned against a situation where Nigerians would only begin to understand the significance of the legal dispute after the 2027 election.

Hashim said his intervention should not be viewed merely through the prism of his political ambition.

‘I am not just a politician. I am first and foremost a crusader for the establishment and sustenance of the democratic order.

‘My commitment to democratic governance predates this particular contest. I will continue to defend the Constitution and Nigeria’s democratic order; whether the issue concerns me personally or another Nigerian.’

Hashim reiterated that he would continue to pursue the matter through lawful and constitutional channels and collaborate with individuals, political parties and organisations committed to true democracy.

‘I will pursue every lawful avenue available to defend democratic choice. I will challenge, through constitutional means, any action by public institutions which I believe compromises the democratic rights of Nigerians.’

Hashim consequently called for the disbandment and reconstitution of INEC, describing the move as necessary to restore confidence in the electoral process.

‘I believe INEC should be disbanded and reconstituted.

‘This is not a call to abolish elections or destroy electoral administration. It is a call to rebuild the institution responsible for conducting our elections.’

He said Nigeria needs an electoral commission that is institutionally independent and whose actions and activities are firmly anchored in the Constitution.

‘We need an electoral commission that is constitutionally grounded, professionally competent, transparent and genuinely independent of the political interests of the government of the day.

‘INEC must be stronger than individual politicians. It must be stronger than the government.

‘It must be stronger than the opposition. And, its first loyalty must be to the Constitution and the democratic choice of Nigerians.’

Hashim said Nigeria could not afford an electoral system in which citizens were invited to vote after critical political choices had already been determined through processes beyond their control.

‘The 2027 election must not become a ceremony for endorsing decisions already made elsewhere.

‘It must be an authentic democratic contest in which the constitutional rights of political parties, candidates and voters are upheld.’

Hashim said the central issue was ultimately whether Nigerians would be allowed to genuinely choose their leaders through a process in which constitutional rights and democratic choices were respected.

‘Nigeria needs an election, not a coronation; constitutional supremacy, not administrative complicity with evil and impunity; and democratic choice, not institutional capture.’

A seven-member panel, led by Justice Adamu Jauro, said the date for judgment would be communicated to the parties.

Regardless, Hashim stressed that his objection was not against INEC’s legal right to appeal.

‘Of course, INEC can appeal. The issue is not whether it has the right to appeal. The question Nigerians should ask is; ‘what institutional interest does the electoral umpire have in sustaining provisions which a competent appellate court has declared inconsistent with the Constitution?’

‘Does this not raise questions about INEC’s complicity in the very process that Nigerians are asking it to be an umpire over?’

Hashim warned that the commission’s action could be described as going against Nigeria’s democracy.

‘INEC is fighting in all courts, including the Supreme Court, wasting public resources to hire big lawyers to sustain provisions of the Electoral Act that contradicts the Constitution. INEC is complicit in the perfidy to rape Nigeria’s democracy.

‘INEC, as presently constituted, is a threat to Nigeria’s democratic order.’

According to Hashim, an electoral commission should be the first institution to insist on constitutional compliance rather than defend statutory provisions that have been judicially declared inconsistent with the Constitution.

‘An electoral commission should be the first institution to insist on constitutional compliance.

‘It should not be seen as defending a statutory arrangement that has been judicially declared unconstitutional designed primarily by the ruling party legislators to constrict the democratic space’

Hashim said the development reinforces warnings he had made before now that the 2027 electoral process could become a ‘coronation’ rather than a genuine democratic contest.

‘We warned ever before now that what INEC seeks to do in 2027 is a coronation, not an election.’

He said the danger was not limited to election day, arguing that democracy also depends on whether citizens and political party members are allowed to genuinely participate in selecting candidates.

‘An election means that citizens and members of political parties genuinely participate in choosing their candidates and ultimately their leaders.

‘A coronation is the presentation of a predetermined choice for public endorsement through a process that constricts rather than widens the political space,’ and added that, ‘from all indications, INEC is supervising coronation, not conducting election.’

Hashim also criticised what he described as the silence of some opposition candidates who, according to him, had become less vocal after securing party tickets.

‘Some opposition candidates are deceived because they have been given gate-pass to attend the coronation ceremony and so, have lost their voices.

‘We shall continue to speak because we are not just politicians. We are democrats.’

Hashim also questioned what he described as the ‘conspiracy of silence’ of major media organisations over the Court of Appeal judgment and subsequent Supreme Court proceedings.

‘How can a Court of Appeal judgment declaring portions of the Electoral Act unconstitutional, followed by an appeal by INEC to the Supreme Court, not be one of the biggest stories in Nigeria?

‘How can a matter with direct implications for the rules governing political parties and candidates nomination ahead of 2027 election receive so little sustained national attention?’

He said Nigerians deserve to understand the constitutional questions before the Supreme Court without any attempt to interfere with judicial independence.

‘I am asking Nigerians to understand what is before the Court. Judicial independence does not mean public silence,’ Hashim insisted.

He questioned why major media organisations had not made the case a sustained National story.

‘Where are the front-page investigations? Where are the prime-time constitutional debates? Where are the legal experts explaining to Nigerians what the Court of Appeal actually declared and what the Supreme Court has been asked to determine?

‘Why are we discussing the politics of 2027 without sufficiently discussing the legal architecture under which the 2027 election will be conducted?’

Hashim said the fact that judgment had been reserved made sustained public attention even more important.

‘The case is now before the Supreme Court. The parties have argued their positions. Judgment has been reserved.’

He warned against a situation where Nigerians would only begin to understand the significance of the legal dispute after the 2027 election.

Hashim said his intervention should not be viewed merely through the prism of his political ambition.

‘I am not just a politician. I am first and foremost a crusader for the establishment and sustenance of the democratic order.

‘My commitment to democratic governance predates this particular contest. I will continue to defend the Constitution and Nigeria’s democratic order; whether the issue concerns me personally or another Nigerian.’

Hashim reiterated that he would continue to pursue the matter through lawful and constitutional channels and collaborate with individuals, political parties and organisations committed to true democracy.

‘I will pursue every lawful avenue available to defend democratic choice. I will challenge, through constitutional means, any action by public institutions which I believe compromises the democratic rights of Nigerians.’

Hashim consequently called for the disbandment and reconstitution of INEC, describing the move as necessary to restore confidence in the electoral process.

‘I believe INEC should be disbanded and reconstituted.

‘This is not a call to abolish elections or destroy electoral administration. It is a call to rebuild the institution responsible for conducting our elections.’

He said Nigeria needs an electoral commission that is institutionally independent and whose actions and activities are firmly anchored in the Constitution.

‘We need an electoral commission that is constitutionally grounded, professionally competent, transparent and genuinely independent of the political interests of the government of the day.

‘INEC must be stronger than individual politicians. It must be stronger than the government.

‘It must be stronger than the opposition. And, its first loyalty must be to the Constitution and the democratic choice of Nigerians.’

Hashim said Nigeria could not afford an electoral system in which citizens were invited to vote after critical political choices had already been determined through processes beyond their control.

‘The 2027 election must not become a ceremony for endorsing decisions already made elsewhere.

‘It must be an authentic democratic contest in which the constitutional rights of political parties, candidates and voters are upheld.’

Hashim said the central issue was ultimately whether Nigerians would be allowed to genuinely choose their leaders through a process in which constitutional rights and democratic choices were respected.

‘Nigeria needs an election, not a coronation; constitutional supremacy, not administrative complicity with evil and impunity; and democratic choice, not institutional capture.’

DTI chief cites MSME gains as PSE clears GCash IPO

THE TRADE and Industry Department said the initial public offering of GCash parent company Mynt Inc., which has now been cleared by the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE), could further help micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) expand their market reach and advance their entrepreneurial journey.

The PSE on Friday, Sept 18, approved Mynt’s listing application, covering up to 8.03 billion primary and secondary common shares, with an overallotment option of up to 1.20 billion secondary common shares.

‘Of course, companies like GCash and digital payments will really help MSMEs grow, as it will become easy for them to sell their products, especially on e-commerce platforms. Magiging madali na for them ang ma-access or ma-penetrate ang far-flung areas. If they use these digital payments, it’s easier for MSMEs to transact,’ said Trade Secretary Cristina Roque.

‘We are really pushing for people to do digital payments, especially with the DEFA (Digital Economy Framework Agreement),’ she added.

The DEFA, set for signing at the 49th ASEAN Summit in November, will establish the world’s first region-wide digital trade agreement, streamlining cross-border payments, data flows, and intellectual property protection across all ASEAN Member States.

‘And with DEFA, we provide a single, streamlined set of rules to access regional markets, secure digital payments, and protect intellectual property,’ she said.

The scheduled offering has a maximum indicative price of P10 per share, with the IPO expected to involve up to P92.3 billion worth of shares, including primary shares issued by Mynt and secondary shares being sold by an existing shareholder.

The final IPO price, however, will be determined through the book-building process and may be lowered to P8.50 or P7.50 per share.

Under the PSE-approved terms, Mynt is set to offer up to 1.61 billion primary shares and 6.42 billion secondary shares, with the overallotment option covering up to 1.20 billion additional secondary shares. The shares will be listed on the PSE Main Board under the trading symbol GCASH.

The offer period is scheduled from October 6 to 12, with the final offer price to be determined on October 1 following the book-building exercise. The tentative listing date is October 20.

PSE president and chief executive officer Ramon S. Monzon said the listing is poised to become the largest public offering in PSE history, adding that the Exchange hopes the landmark transaction will encourage more fintech and digital economy companies to raise capital through the equities market.

The PSE also expects the offering to draw new retail investors, particularly because IPO subscriptions will be made available through GStocks in the GCash app. Local Small Investors, meanwhile, may subscribe through the PSE EASy website or mobile application.

Proceeds from the sale of Mynt’s primary shares will be used for digital financial services growth initiatives, product development and general corporate purposes, according to the PSE.

For ordinary Filipinos, the attraction of the offering is not simply the prospect of owning a stock.

The same mobile wallet app which is already being used to send money, pay bills, buy goods, receive salaries, save, borrow and invest could also become a means to buy a share of GCash stocks.

For higher-income and experienced investors, meanwhile, the investment story goes beyond GCash’s massive user base.

Mynt has reported P79.8 billion in revenue and P17.2 billion in profit in 2025, demonstrating that the company has developed a substantial commercial ecosystem around digital financial services.

Eating for reversal: How the right diet can turn back Sri Lanka’s diabetes surge

Sri Lanka is going through a major shift in public health. A nationwide study, the Sri Lanka Health and Ageing Study, found that nearly one in four adults now has diabetes, and close to one in three has prediabetes. That’s a higher rate than any other Asian country currently on record.

People are also being diagnosed much younger than before. Type 2 diabetes used to typically show up around age fifty. Now it’s increasingly common in people in their thirties, and prediabetes, the early-warning stage, can appear in people as young as twenty.

This matters because prediabetes is also the stage where the disease is most reliably reversible. To understand why this shift is happening, it helps to understand the biology behind it, which points clearly to diet and lifestyle as the main drivers.

How insulin resistance develops

Type 2 diabetes develops through a process called insulin resistance: the body still makes insulin, but its cells stop responding to it properly, so sugar (glucose) can’t get into the cells to be used as fuel. A few things drive this:

Too much fat in the body becomes toxic to tissue, a process called lipotoxicity.

The mitochondria, the cell’s energy-producing machinery, become less efficient with age and with too little antioxidant intake, which increases oxidative stress (cell damage from unstable molecules).

Excess fat tissue behaves like an active gland, releasing inflammatory substances, including interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and angiotensin II, which further blunt how well cells respond to insulin.

Everyone has their own ‘fat limit’

A useful way to think about this is the personalised fat threshold. Each person has a genetically set capacity for safely storing fat under the skin, and this varies a lot from person to person. Being lighter doesn’t automatically mean you have more safe storage capacity than someone heavier.

Once that threshold is crossed, fat gets pushed into places where it does real harm: the liver (causing fatty liver disease), the abdomen (as visceral fat), and the pancreas, where it damages the cells that produce insulin, a process called beta-cell dedifferentiation, so they lose their ability to sense and respond to blood sugar properly.

Fatty liver disease then makes insulin resistance even worse. Poor sleep and chronic stress raise cortisol, which also worsens insulin resistance, while physical inactivity speeds up how quickly the threshold is reached.

Diet plays a major role too. Eating a lot of processed, energy-dense food, refined sugar and poor-quality fat speeds this whole process up considerably, which is a big part of why a threshold once reached at fifty is now commonly reached by thirty.

A dietary pattern specific to Sri Lanka

Prediabetes is diagnosed with a fasting blood sugar of 100-125 mg/dL or an HbA1c of 5.7-6.4 percent. Diabetes is diagnosed with a fasting blood sugar of 126 mg/dL or above, or an HbA1c of 6.5 percent or above.

The prediabetic stage matters enormously because at this point, the disease can often be stopped and blood sugar brought back to normal through diet and lifestyle changes alone, frequently without needing medication.

One eating pattern common in Sri Lanka deserves particular attention: combining several fat sources in a single meal, most often coconut oil, coconut milk and coconut sambol served together. None of these is a problem on its own in a reasonable amount. But eaten together and in excess, they push people over their personal fat threshold faster. What matters isn’t any one ingredient, but the total amount consumed in a meal and across the day.

Choosing a healthy soup for dinner instead of a carbohydrate-heavy meal, while staying well hydrated, can support a healthy, balanced diet. Where a nutritional gap is identified, nutritional supplements can also help meet the body’s needs and support overall wellbeing, including efforts to reduce the risk of insulin resistance.

Supplements are also commonly prescribed for older adults when clinically appropriate, and they’re widely used in more developed, wealthier markets. As diabetes-focused supplements become more available in Sri Lanka, they’re increasingly a realistic option here too.

Where diabetes-specific nutrition can help

Knowing what to eat is one thing; doing it consistently at every meal is another. Busy schedules, irregular mealtimes and a carbohydrate-heavy food culture make it hard for many people to keep each meal’s impact on blood sugar in check. This is where diabetes-specific nutritional supplements, usually taken as a measured drink, can be genuinely useful within an overall eating plan.

These are different from ordinary milk powders or meal-replacement drinks. Their carbohydrates are chosen to be digested and absorbed slowly, and are typically paired with dietary fibre and a favourable fat profile. Fat and fibre slow down how fast the stomach empties, so glucose enters the bloodstream gradually instead of in a sharp spike, giving the drink a low glycaemic-index profile.

Because each serving is pre-measured, it also delivers a fixed amount of energy along with vitamins and minerals, which takes much of the guesswork out of portion control for the meal or snack it replaces.

In practice, a diabetes-specific nutritional drink can stand in for a high-glycaemic breakfast or a sugary afternoon snack, the two points in the day when blood sugar is often poorly controlled. They work best as part of a structured eating plan rather than simply added on top of an unchanged diet, and anyone already on glucose-lowering medication should talk to their doctor before using them, so treatment can be adjusted if needed.

What the evidence recommends

The following measures are backed by current clinical guidance and are practical within a Sri Lankan context:

Eat meals at consistent times, and finish dinner early, ideally between 7:00 p.m. and 7:30 p.m.

Swap carbohydrate-heavy evening meals for a lighter, soup-based dinner with a good source of protein, and stay well hydrated throughout the day.

Match portion size to activity level, and keep body mass index or waist circumference within WHO-recommended ranges.

Replace refined grains with low-glycaemic-index rice, multi-seed bread and legumes such as chickpeas and cowpea.

Where a particular meal is hard to control, a diabetes-specific nutritional supplement offers a measured, low-glycaemic-index alternative.

Cut back on saturated fat and lean toward Mediterranean-diet style eating, which Sri Lankans can adopt easily using locally available foods.

Eat Omega-3-rich fish, such as salmon and tuna, at least twice a week, and treat meat as optional rather than central to the diet.

Choose nuts, seeds, fresh fruit or a diabetes-specific nutritional drink for snacks instead of sugary, processed alternatives, both to cut refined sugar intake and to support mitochondrial function.

Prioritise sleep hygiene, aiming for a sleep window of roughly 10 p.m. to between 4 a.m. and 5 a.m., to help regulate cortisol and, in turn, insulin sensitivity.

The bottom line

What ties all of this together is sustained attention to what you eat, when you eat it, and how much, applied consistently over time. Tools that make that consistency easier, from simple meal planning to specialised nutrition, can help people stay on course.

With timely recognition and sustained lifestyle change, prediabetes can be reversed before it progresses further. As the age of onset in Sri Lanka keeps falling, that window of opportunity matters more than ever. Clinicians increasingly stress that a prediabetic result should be seen not as a final verdict, but as an early, actionable warning, one that offers a real opportunity to intervene while the outcome remains largely in the patient’s own hands. Raising public awareness of the dietary, lifestyle and nutritional options available at this stage is therefore crucial to preventing diabetes and reducing the risk of progression.

CSE down 1.52% during week

The Colombo stock market ended a bearish week on the up yesterday, ending a four-day losing streak.

During the week, the ASPI fell 1.52% and the active S and P SL20 was down 1.22% on sustained selling pressure driven by rising oil prices due to escalating tensions in the Middle East and the yields uptick of Government Treasuries during the week.

Yesterday, ASPI closed Friday up 0.16% or 32.83 points at 21,056.26 and the S and P SL20 ended up 0.07% or 3.93 points at 5,928.89 after global oil prices eased. Market turnover was over Rs. 1.3 billion on over 39 million shares traded.

Foreign investors were net sellers on a net outflow of over Rs. 5.9 million. Top contributors to the ASPI were DIAL, MELS, HAYL, HAYC and CARS.

First Capital Research said the bourse edged higher supported by relatively low oil prices and positive movements in index-heavy counters, which helped the market recover from recent declines. However, market volatility was evident throughout the session before the market ultimately closed higher, reflecting mixed investor sentiment amid continued volatility in global oil prices.

The ASPI gained with HNW investors accounting for a significant share of activity, while retail investor participation continued to remain average. The capital goods sector led the daily turnover with a share of 27%, followed by the banking, and materials sectors collectively contributing 32%.

CDB supports University of Peradeniya respond to Ditwah challenge

Building and developing its platform for a tech-enabled nation, Citizens Development Business Finance PLC (CDB) inaugurated the CDB Elevate AI Zone at the University of Peradeniya, a fully equipped facility comprising a main server room, an IT lab, an AI lab with high-end computers, and a furnished seminar room.

Delivered through an investment of Rs. 40 million, the initiative restores and upgrades critical academic infrastructure damaged by Cyclone Ditwah, benefiting over 15,000 students at the university.

With the university’s existing IT lab having sustained significant damage in the aftermath of Cyclone Ditwah, leaving students with limited access to essential computing facilities at a critical point in their academic year, CDB stepped forward to rebuild and re-equip the facility. Recognising the impact Ditwah had on the student community, CDB restored access and upgraded the space with modern, AI-enabled learning infrastructure in the process.

CDB Managing Director/CEO CDB Mahesh Nanayakkara said: ‘At CDB, we believe that education is one of the most powerful investments we can make in Sri Lanka’s future. When Cyclone Ditwah disrupted the learning environment for thousands of students at the University of Peradeniya, we saw an opportunity to not just restore what was lost but to build something better. The CDB Elevate AI Zone reflects our commitment to standing by our communities in their moments of need and to equipping the next generation with the digital and AI-enabled tools they need to thrive.’

The CDB Elevate AI Zone forms part of the Company’s Socially Conscious strategic pillar, under its Community Impact focus area, specifically within Education and Literacy, reflecting CDB’s long-standing commitment to equitable access to education and digital learning infrastructure across Sri Lanka.

Now operational and accessible to students, giving them renewed access to modern IT infrastructure and AI-enabled learning tools as they continue their academic pursuits, the initiative reinforces CDB’s commitment to enabling inclusivity across the nation. It reiterates CDB’s role as a responsible corporate citizen, committed to investing in the nation’s future through meaningful, high-impact community support.

University of Peradeniya Vice-Chancellor Prof. Terrance Madhujith said: ‘The disruption caused by Cyclone Ditwah left a real gap in our students’ access to essential computing facilities, at a time when they could least afford it. CDB’s swift and generous response has not only restored what was damaged but has also given our students access to a far more advanced learning environment than before. Completed well ahead of the planned completion date, this stands as one of the single largest investments made by a corporate entity to the University of Peradeniya in recent history. It is a testament to the scale of CDB’s commitment. We are deeply grateful for this partnership and for CDB’s continued investment in our students’ futures.’