Counties owe Kenya Power Sh5.6bn in unpaid bills

County governments owe Kenya Power Sh5.67 billion in unpaid electricity bills amid unsuccessful efforts by the utility to recover part of the debt and shore up its bottom line.

Disclosures by the firm shows that the amount was outstanding as at June 30 this year, making up nearly 15 percent of the total unpaid bill of Sh39.03 billion.

The debt has been growing over the years, prompting the Auditor-General to flag counties for the defaults which continue to hurt the State-owned electricity distributor’s efforts of driving its revenues.

Kenya Power has faced stiff opposition from counties in efforts to collect the money with some like Nairobi County retaliating by demanding billions of shillings for wayleave.

‘The receivables balance includes an amount of Sh5,679,805,786 due from county governments in respect of unpaid electricity bills from the 47 county governments which continue to accumulate. Management efforts to recover the amounts have not yielded favourable results,’ Auditor-General Nancy Gathungu says in review of Kenya Power’s performance for the year ended June 2025.

Kenya Power’s electricity revenues fell five percent to Sh219.28 billion while net profit tumbled by 18.7 percent to Sh24.47 billion in the year under review.

Kenya Power attributed the drops to a combination of the fall in revenues and reduced forex recoveries in a year when the shilling remained largely unchanged against the dollar.

Unpaid bills remain one of Kenya Power’s biggest headaches with counties disputing the amounts and others using un-orthodox means to ward off efforts to collect the debt.

For example, Nairobi County has on several occasions dumped sewage at Kenya Power offices and clamped its vehicles in a bid to force the utility firm to reconnect electricity despite accumulation of bills.

The ugly tussles have forced Kenya Power to reconnect electricity supply to the county government.

A scrutiny of the debt owed by 10 counties revealed a disparity of Sh2.37 billion with Kenya Power’s records showing an unpaid bill of Sh3.94 billion while the devolved units put the figure at Sh1.57 billion.

Kenya Power has severally enlisted the services of debt collection firms in a bid to recover unpaid bills. The firm disclosed that it transferred Sh5.69 billion worth of unpaid electricity bills to debt collectors in the year ended June 2025.

Mounting struggles to recover the unpaid electricity bills forced Kenya Power to write off a total of Sh19.28 billion as at June 2024.

The company further wrote to the National Treasury in the year ended June 2025, seeking permission to write off a further Sh4.19 billion in unpaid power bills accrued by deceased sole proprietors and untraceable and dissolved companies.

Spam messaging, doxing: Tighter data privacy rules turn spotlight on digital lenders, CBK

Tighter privacy regulations have turned the spotlight on digital credit service providers who have for years topped the list of violations of the Data Protection Act 2019.

A review of recent determinations by courts and the Office of the Data Protection Commissioner (ODPC) showed that digital lenders dominated the non-compliance list, also putting their regulator, the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK), in the spotlight.

Violations by digital lenders and other corporates have, in recent months, attracted millions of shillings in fines from the ODPC, with some attempts to challenge the sanctions in court falling flat.

This year alone, authorities have awarded more than Sh13 million in fines and damages to consumers who raised complaints against unwarranted contact or spamming from companies without their consent.

In one case, the High Court last month ruled in favour of the ODPC, which had fined digital lending firm Ceres Tech Sh2.6 million after three Kenyans filed a complaint over unsolicited promotional messages and calls.

This came just three months after the court threw out a petition by Mulla Pride, another digital lending firm, that sought to challenge a Sh2.9 million penalty from the regulator over the same offense.

These violations come even as regulators, including the ODPC, the Communications Authority of Kenya(CA), and CBK, stayed silent on the implementation of crucial policies on data minimisation, which are enshrined in the law and aimed at safeguarding consumers’ personal information.

The legal disputes have further raised concerns over the liability burden facing companies that process consumers’ financial transactions on one hand, and the role of the different regulators in implementing safeguards enshrined in data protection laws on the other.

In 2024, digital financial services providers accounted for a third of determinations issued by the ODPC from more than 5,000 consumer complaints.

The complaints included improper consent management, unsolicited communication, harassment of third parties, and aggressive debt collection practices.

At the centre of many of the formal complaints is the violation of data minimisation principles as stipulated in the Data Protection Act 2019, which requires companies to collect only the data that is necessary for their service delivery.

Data privacy advocates have raised concerns that the amount of data collected by companies, which range widely from the manual registration required upon entry into many buildings to personal data provided when applying for a digital loan, is excessive.

‘The principle of data minimisation, requiring collection and sharing of the personal information necessary for a specific, lawful, and clearly defined purpose, is one of the most fundamental safeguards in data protection law. Yet, it remains one of the least observed in practice,’ Mugambi Laibuta, a data protection compliance expert, said in a commentary published in the Business Daily last week.

‘The consequences are no longer theoretical. They are tangible, personal, and dangerous. The failure to apply data minimisation has exposed Kenyans to heightened risks,’ he added.

Mobile phone subscribers have also raised concerns over spamming from companies in sales and marketing promotions, and in some cases, doxing once their information is leaked to the public.

Data Protection Commissioner Immaculate Kassait last year flagged the rising cases of doxing following the Finance Bill protests, where some politicians saw private details, including their home addresses, spouses’ names, and children’s schools, leaked to the public.

Doxing refers to collecting and disseminating someone’s personal information to shame, embarrass, expose, or intimidate them. This information can come from private sources, but is often obtained from public records.

‘Is there any difference between a digital lender who bombards you with unsolicited messages and a Gen Z who bombards a private citizen with messages?’ Asked Ms Kassait during an address on the State of Data Protection in Kenya at the Strathmore Business School. ‘The principle is, it is still unsolicited, and it is still my private number.’

Financial services providers and fintechs have pushed regulators, including the CBK, ODPC, and CA, to allow them free hand to deploy technological features such as masking of mobile numbers during financial transactions to limit cases of data leakage and privacy infringement.

According to the 2024 banking sector innovation survey by the CBK, a substantial 34 percent of banks and 64 percent of microfinance institutions cited growing data protection and privacy risks as impediments to innovating new products and services.

According to the survey, one out of three institutions emphasised the critical need for robust regulations that would address cybersecurity threats and data privacy concerns.

‘This includes standards for data encryption, authentication, and protocols for handling sensitive information,’ states the CBK in its report in part.

Commercial banks have instituted data minimization in handling of consumer data in credit and debit card transactions as part of requirements by the CBK. Mobile service providers are also beefing up their digital security infrastructure to ensure consumers share as little personal data as possible when making payments.

Safaricom, which counts more than 30 million daily active users on M-Pesa, developed a tool in 2021 that masks users’ mobile phone numbers when making purchases through Till and PayBill numbers, but has been unable to deploy the feature due to regulatory restrictions.

In a change of tune, however, the CA, last week clarified that it welcomes such initiatives from service providers and signalled a willingness to okay its deployment.

‘With the rise of digital services, including e-commerce, privacy features such as number masking on mobile payment platforms are important for digital trust and consumer protection,’ stated the CA in a press statement.

‘The Authority reiterates its support for innovations that uphold privacy and undertakes to roll out privacy-enhancing features consistent with the law in partnership with industry stakeholders.’ It added.

This leaves the CBK as the State regulator that is yet to give a green light for the deployment of new technologies to enforce stricter standards for the protection of subscribers’ personal data, even as the regulator issues new guidelines for the financial services sector.

In August this year, CBK released new guidelines for non-deposit-taking Credit Providers that, among other things, stipulate adherence to the Data Protection Act, 2019, and that they obtain clearance certificates from the ODPC.

‘A non-deposit-taking provider shall, where applicable, develop an information and technology policy which shall at a minimum cover data encryption standards and guidelines, information security guidelines and application security,’ explains the regulations in part.

Other checklists for service providers when developing their IT systems include network access, password security for mobile applications and web platforms, and a backup policy.

As consumers turn to the legal system to address cases of personal data infringement and as service providers grapple with the cost of compliance, the ball is in the court of the CBK, which spans both fintech and banking sectors, to implement its own policies to safeguard consumers’ rights.

Kevin Mutiso, the chairperson of the Digital Financial Services Association of Kenya, told the Business Daily that the organisation is deploying a complaints portal to enhance internal oversight of the violations.

‘The portal will interlink the regulator and the businesses such that everyone has visibility of the complaints being lodged. We’re gearing up for rollout by June next year,’ he said in a phone interview.

Strengthen cyber laws to safeguard citizens’ data

In a more digitalised world, our personal data has become a valuable asset. Kenyans and people across the globe depend on digital platforms for almost all facets of everyday life, including mobile money transactions, internet banking, social networking, and e-commerce.

However, this digital transformation has significant risks. Cybercrime, identity theft, and data breaches are increasing, jeopardising both individual privacy and national security.

To protect everyone in the digital age, Kenya must urgently strengthen its cyber legislation and ensure its efficient implementation.

Kenya has achieved considerable progress in digital transformation. With about 40 million smartphone users and the majority of government services being available online, digital platforms have revolutionised service delivery.

Mobile money services, including M-Pesa, internet banking, e-commerce, and governmental platforms such as the E-Citizen, have streamlined daily life for millions.

However, this ease entails a vulnerability: extensive quantities of personal data are collected and kept digitally, sometimes without adequate protection. Cybercriminals exploit vulnerabilities in inadequate legal frameworks, attacking both people and organisations.

At present, Kenya has many legislative frameworks pertaining to cybercrime and data protection. The Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act (2018) and the Data Protection Act (2019), including the Computer Misuse and Cybercrime (Amendment) Act, 2024, which was recently signed by President William Ruto, provide a legal framework for addressing cybercrime and safeguarding personal data.

The Data Protection Act mandates that organisations manage people’s personal information with due diligence, get permission before data collection, and alert authorities of any breaches.

Although these pieces of legislation represent progress, enforcement continues to be a challenge. Many instances of data abuse and cybercrime remain unreported owing to insufficient knowledge, protracted legal procedures, or inadequate technological capabilities.

A significant issue is the vulnerability of sensitive information maintained by both private and governmental entities. Prominent examples in Kenya and elsewhere have shown that personal data, such as bank records, health information, and identifying details, may be compromised, disclosed, or exploited.

The consequences for people include financial loss, reputational harm, and even physical threat.

Widespread cyber vulnerability may erode confidence in digital services, hinder the adoption of e-governance projects, and weaken Kenya’s appeal to investors in the digital economy.

To tackle these challenges, numerous measures are essential. First, Kenya must enhance its cyber legislation to align with advancing technologies.

This includes explicit protocols for data collection, storage, and dissemination, rigorous sanctions for violations, and reporting obligations for entities managing personal information. Legislation must also tackle new dangers, like artificial intelligence-driven cyberattacks, ransomware, and deep-fake fraud.

Secondly, enforcement measures need enhancement. Law enforcement organisations demand specific training and resources to investigate and prosecute cybercrime efficiently.

Collaboration among government entities, the commercial sector, and foreign partners is crucial for monitoring transnational cyber threats. Public organisations should exemplify leadership by implementing robust cybersecurity protocols and aggressively safeguarding people’s data.

Third, public awareness initiatives are essential. A significant number of Kenyans lack awareness about the collection, storage, and possible use of personal data. Educational campaigns may enable consumers to make educated choices about online interactions, use robust passwords, evade phishing schemes, and report dubious behaviour.

Ultimately, cultivating a culture of responsibility in both government and industry is essential. Organisations must see data protection as a fundamental obligation, rather than a mere bureaucratic need. Proactive regulatory supervision, periodic audits, and stringent sanctions for non-compliance may bolster this culture.

In conclusion, Kenya is at a pivotal moment in its digital development. The prospects for innovation, financial inclusion, and service provision are substantial.

However, in the absence of robust cyber legislation and efficient enforcement, these prospects are compromised by escalating cyber dangers. Improving legislative frameworks, bolstering enforcement, fostering public awareness, and guaranteeing institutional responsibility are not only regulatory actions but also investments in trust, security, and the future of Kenya’s digital economy.

Safeguarding people’s data is essential; it is a moral and economic obligation that necessitates immediate intervention.

Kenyan banks nearly double loans to Mauritian developer Grit to Sh12bn

Mauritius’ real estate developer Grit Real Estate Income Group nearly doubled its borrowings from Kenyan banks to $94.9 million (Sh12.3 billion) in the year to June 2025, to fund its projects in the local market where it is expanding.

The dollar-denominated borrowings rose from $48.7 million (Sh6.3 billion) a year earlier, with Absa Bank Kenya, NCBA Bank Kenya and Stanbic Bank Kenya emerging as its top lenders in Kenya.

The multinational also has substantial borrowings in other markets to fund its capital-intensive construction and acquisition of commercial properties. Grit has disclosed that a $35 million (Sh4.5 billion) loan from Absa helped to develop Nairobi’s Rosslyn Grove Diplomatic Apartment and Townhouse Complex that is leased to the American embassy.

‘Absa Bank originally provided the $35 million loan to finance the development of the Rosslyn Grove . diplomatic housing complex in Nairobi, Kenya,’ Grit said in a written response to the Business Daily.

‘The loan was part of a broader financing package to support the project, which primarily serves the US embassy in Nairobi.’

The Absa loan has been disclosed after Grit took control of diplomatic housing in multiple countries which it had co-developed with Verdant Ventures.

The 90-unit gated estate in Nairobi comprising apartments and townhouses was completed in 2022 at a cost of $48.5 million (Sh5.52 billion using the exchange rates at the time).

The American government signed an eight-year lease on the property, with the first year’s rent set at $4.724 million (Sh534 million at the time).

Stanbic saw its loans to Gateway CCI Limited, a subsidiary of Grit which developed a call centre in Tatu City, rise to $25.6 million (Sh3.3 billion) in the year to June 2025 from $13.9 million (Sh1.8 billion) a year earlier.

The funds were used to construct the property dubbed Eneo at Tatu Central which is leased to Call Centre International (CCI) Global, a major business process outsourcing firm.

NCBA’s loans to Grit Services Limited, another subsidiary of the real estate developer, declined to $30.4 million (Sh3.93 billion) from $30.5 million (Sh3.94 billion).

NCBA was one of the earliest financiers of the multinational’s projects in Kenya and has issued a series of loans to the subsidiary.

In the review period, Housing Finance Corporation had an outstanding loanThe loan balance had declined from $4.1 million (Sh534 million) a year earlier.

Major borrowers like Grit are attractive to banks keen on disbursing large, hard currency loans.

The multinational’s borrowings show that Pan African banks have an advantage in terms of serving major clients across multiple markets, teaming up with their subsidiaries to structure loans for related entities.

South Africa’s Standard Bank, which owns Stanbic Bank Kenya, is the single largest financier of Grit on a consolidated basis. The bank and its subsidiaries have lent to Grit entities in South Africa, Ghana and Uganda among other markets.

South Africa’s Absa Group, the parent firm of Absa Bank Kenya, has a similar lending structure with Grit that had borrowed a total of $540.6 million (Sh70 billion) as of June.

Unit trust clients double, lifting assets to Sh679bn

The number of Kenyans investing though unit trusts more than doubled to 2.96 million in the 12 months to September, highlighting the surge in awareness and demand for the collective investment products. This was a growth from 1.29 million investors a year earlier.

Latest Capital Markets Authority (CMA) data shows that growth of investor numbers in unit trusts has accelerated this year, partly driven by the rising investment in special funds, which have offered investors an opportunity to diversify their portfolios in a period of falling interest rates.

As investor numbers grow, the collective investment schemes saw their assets under management jump by 115 percent to a record high of Sh679.6 billion at the end of September 2025, from Sh316.4 billion a year earlier. The CMA also attributed the sharp growth in assets under management and investor numbers to concerted marketing efforts through various digital channels by unit trust providers, whose numbers have also gone up as the regulator continues to license more players in the industry.

By the end of September, there were 55 approved collective investment schemes-41 of which were active- offering 234 funds.

‘The number of investors in the various collective investment scheme funds has continued to grow steadily over time, buoyed by increasing awareness in the market to save and invest especially, post-Covid era,’ said the CMA in the report.

‘The industry has seen heightened visibility through aggressive marketing and investor education.’

Unit trusts are a form of collective investment in which investor funds are pooled together and used to purchase a portfolio of financial assets such as bonds, equities, cash deposits, with the beneficial interest in the assets of the trust divided into units.

They have grown in popularity in part due to the fact that they offer investors access to complex local and offshore financial assets, leaning on the expertise of investment professionals employed by the fund operators.

The unit trusts are also fairly liquid assets in terms of entry and exit.

The number of retail investors in the unit trusts is larger than the 1.25 million in the local equities market, despite the asset class only existing for little more than two decades compared to over 60 years for the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE).

Money market funds, which primarily invest in short term government securities and fixed deposits in banks, remain the most popular unit trust products in the market.

At the end of September, the money market funds had Sh400 billion in assets under management, accounting for 59 percent of the industry total.

Their dominance has however been eroded by fixed income funds and special funds since the beginning of the year, when the money market funds accounted for 63 percent of the industry’s Sh389.2 billion assets under management.

The share of special funds and fixed income funds has grown to 20.3 percent and 20.1 percent from 18 percent and 17 percent respectively in the year to date, eating into the value of investments put into money market funds.

A growing number of unit trust providers have been offering offshore and foreign currency denominated products on their portfolios to meet investor demands for diversification of assets and hedges against future economic shocks.

Also read: Value of assets under unit trusts crosses Sh500 billion mark

The assets under special funds climbed to Sh137.8 billion in September, up from Sh70.4 billion in December 2024, while fixed income funds have seen their assets rise from Sh66.8 billion to Sh136.8 billion in the period.

Since the beginning of the year, equity funds’ assets rose to Sh3.3 billion from Sh2.5 billion, while balanced funds contracted from Sh2.22 billion to Sh1.7 billion.

Meet the women who are trading softer curves for a leaner, stronger look

If you walk into any gym today, chances are you’ll see a woman sweating away on the treadmill or lifting considerably more than her own body weight.

These women aren’t shy about showing off their toned muscles; many willingly trade traditional soft curves for a leaner, stronger shape.

They display their hard-earned progress in sleeveless tops, short skirts, and open-back dresses that reveal hours of discipline and pure grit.

‘She’ is reclaiming her body not for validation, but for longevity. One such woman is Abigail Ajuma who says that her fitness journey has never been about looks.

‘When people think about fitness, they think about strength and gym, but I think of it as a holistic wellness of a human being,’ she says.

Still, her gym routine has given her an impressive form, especially her quads.

‘I always start with mobility for warm-up. Currently I’m on a high intensity training program where I do little weights to start and then build up until my legs can’t take it anymore.’

Growing up in the US, her high school required participation in sports to graduate.

She was placed on the track team courtesy of the stereotype that ‘all Kenyans are athletes’.

‘They signed me up to start running. My introduction to fitness happened sort of by force. I was running cross country, running track and I was doing dance.’

While some people catch the fitness bug to lose weight, Ms Ajuma’s struggle was quite the opposite.

‘My issue has always been adding weight, my metabolism is quite high. I have always been small, but I desired to be stronger than what I was,’ she says

Strength training became her turning point.

‘It’s through strength training that I was able to change my body composition. I added a bit more muscle and I felt stronger, and in response, the scale went up as well.’

Currently, Ms Ajuma is preparing for a bodybuilding competition in December, a season, she says requires her to reduce her body fat.

‘I am at 55kgs right now but before I started prep for this, I was at 61kgs.’

Besides working out, she is keen on her diet.

‘Most times, the secret is nutrition. It’s really being mindful about what you eat, what your body needs, what are your desires. I changed my plate significantly,’ she says.

‘Proteins are really good for muscle building and muscle repair. Carbs are there to give you energy and I still take a measured amount of fat because as women, we need the fat to balance our hormones,’ she adds.

Sometimes women are shamed for being ‘too muscular’ or ‘too strong’.

‘I have encountered women who say, I don’t want to train so hard because I will look like a man. I am someone who trains that hard, yet I don’t look like a man.’

She goes on to remind women of the science.

‘As a woman your hormone is not testosterone, you will never look like a man. It’s important that women understand the importance of building lean muscle. Muscle is the organ of longevity.’

Not aesthetics, longevity..

‘When you can bend down and get up, you are engaging your core. You need to be able to build the lean muscle so you can have a really full life.chase around your grandchildren.’

When asked how powerful she really is, ‘Deadlift, I can go to 100kg without support. With squats I can do 120kgs but that’s when I have support.’

‘I wanted a banging body’

For Belinda Aura, her gym routine started with a desire to improve her looks.

‘I’ve always wanted to have a banging body. When I started working out I was not consistent with it. I would work out maybe two weeks then stop,’ Ms Aura says.

Looks aside, she had a second motivation.

‘I have never wanted to pay a therapist, so I knew going to the gym would help my mental health as well.’

Fitness became her therapy and in that consistency, she also found confidence.

‘I like my back because it is the first body part that I toned,’ she says.

She explains that many beginners overlook the back, yet to her, she believes it is the foundation of feminine body structure.

‘ Once you have a big back, you will definitely have a smaller waist,’ Ms Aura says.

Her commitment has also brought significant change to her weight, from 67kgs starting weight to her current 82kgs. The mother of one carries the weight gracefully. She has a disciplined routine especially around cardio.

‘Cardio helps with the fat burning, if I go and do legs today, after I’m done, I have to do cardio. I have to maybe walk on the treadmill. I used to avoid cardio when I started but now that is the one thing that I have to do,’ she says.

Cardio naturally burns a lot of calories so people think it makes you loose weight and muscle, but cardio does not destroy muscle on its own. Muscle loss happens when you don’t have enough food, protein or strength training to maintain it.

Like many women who lift weights, Ms Aura is familiar with the negative comments.

‘I get that a lot, people assume that when you lift heavy weights, you will look like a man. Everything is just associated with men.’

Even her food choices are criticised.

‘For breakfast, I eat like six eggs, sweet potatoes and milk. For me to add weight and muscles, I have to eat. Fitness is not just about lifting weights. It’s what you eat, and for me I still want to add weight so I have to eat.’

And what’s on her plate the rest of the day?

‘For lunch I can have something like omena, ugali and vegetables. Then for dinner I will go for rice, chicken breast and vegetables. I try most of the time to avoid ugali but I eat a lot of chicken and eggs.’

When asked what transformed her body, Ms Aura says,

‘I’m disciplined and consistent. Even when I don’t feel like going to the gym, I just find a reason to because for me to achieve whatever I want, I have to be disciplined.’

While toned bodies are at the centre of attention on social media, Ms Aura believes the motivation is shifting from image to intention.

‘I would say 80 per ent of women are working out for themselves.’

What advice would you give to women who want to be confident with their body?

‘Every woman is beautiful in their bodies, whether you’re plump or skinny. You start by, accepting yourself the way you are. Then if gym doesn’t work for you, you can do home workouts. I would always advise the fitness way because apart from you just getting a good body, it helps with mental health.’

‘I love walking’

Walking is not just an activity for Marion Benta; it is her therapy.

‘Walking gives me clarity and peace of mind. Sometimes, when I’m not able to make it to the gym, but walking ensures I move my body. It has boosted how I look. I was a little bit smaller. So I decided, let me bulk a little bit, and I love it here.’

She has noticed that women are showing up in fitness activities outside the gym, including walking.

‘If I’m statistically guessing correctly, the number of women who have been in my walks is more than men. What really amazes me is we have women of all different ages, because most of them want to lose weight.’

She echoes the sentiments shared on watching what goes on the plate. In her house, a crate of eggs barely makes it to three days.

‘I eat high-protein meals, at least 10 eggs a day,’ she says.

Tad Motors unveils its first electric cars assembled in Kenya

Electric vehicle (EV) company Tad Motors has unveiled its first five locally assembled cars made from parts sourced from multiple manufacturers in China, officially launching sales since it opened shop in Kenya last year.

The company, owned by the Ethiopian-born Dutch businessman Tadesse Tessema, has assembled two SUV models –Dhahabu and Amani– and three sedans branded Taji, Makena and Fahari.

The SUVs will sell for Sh2 million to Sh2.6 million, while the sedans range from Sh1.3 to Sh1.6 million.

‘We have worked with over 30 Chinese OEM (original equipment manufacturers). Most of the parts were made to specification by the different companies, apart from the bodies, which were made by one company,’ Eng. Tessem told the Business Daily.

The cars will go on sale from January 2026, and all have a range of 250 kilometres and a charging duration of up to 4 hours.

Tessem said the company does not plan to build charging infrastructure, and that the models will only have AC on-board chargers that are compatible with regular wall sockets.

“The range is extendable, if one wants more, we’ll be able to fit more batteries into the cars,” he added.

Tad Motors opened shop at the Naivasha Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in June last year, with a $10 million (Sh1.3 billion) at current exchange rates) investment.

It secured four acres at the SEZ and targets to boost production to 3000 cars annually, with targets of sourcing over 80 percent of the components locally sourced and manufactured at the Naivasha plant by September next year.

“Based on our assessment of the market, the EV demand and what we’ve seen our competitors offering, we’re going to control the market, especially when we begin local manufacturing. Our idea is to make EVs affordable to ‘normal’ people,’ Tessem said.

The company targets to sell 80 percent of the output across the East African market and 20 percent international export. Tessema previously established a now-defunct car assembly plant in Ethiopia in 2005.

‘Ethiopia is a large market of 140 million people, and the good thing is that only EVs are allowed to be imported there, so we expect to export a lot there,” he said.

Tad joins the few companies that are locally assembling electric cars, as much of the output has so far been in two-wheelers and buses.

Autopax, the assembler of the Sh1.7 million AirEv Yetu hatchback in partnership with China’s SGMW, is yet to mass-produce it with local components.

MojaEV has partnered with another Chinese manufacturer, Hozon Auto, to locally assemble the Sh4.5 million Neta V subcompact SUV and other models in Kenya.

Kenya has also lowered excise duty on EVs from 20 percent to 10 percent and exempted them from Value Added Tax (VAT) to boost their uptake and lower carbon emissions.

Beyond the EV sector, the government also exempts assemblers of all vehicles from the import duty of 35 percent levied on fully built vehicles.

Assemblers also pay a lower import declaration fee of 2.5 percent for their completely knocked down (CKD) parts headed to assembly plants, compared to the standard 3.5 percent.

The two percent Railway Development Levy (RDL) is also reduced to 1.5 percent for assemblers.

Still, a large chunk of the local vehicle production has been in commercial units such as pick-ups, trucks and buses. New vehicle sales have also been rising, buoyed by falling lending rates and stable foreign exchange rates.

New vehicle sales rose 24.56 percent in the first nine months of 2025 to 9,924 units from 7,967 in the same period last year, a six-year high, per Kenya Motor Industry Association data.

The majority were commercial vehicles like heavy-duty trucks, mini-buses and pick-up trucks assembled at Isuzu.

Luxury Maasai Mara camp, activist in legal battle

A legal dispute currently unfolding at the Environment and Lands Court over operations of the Ritz-Carlton Maasai Mara Safari Camp-a luxurious hotel charging guests $3,675 (Sh476,647) per night-has put Kenya’s delicate balance between conservation and economic development to the test.

The hotel, a multimillion-dollar tourism venture, now facing threats of closure following a petition filed by a local conservationist and rights activist Joel Meitamei Ole Dapash who is alleging unlawful construction and ecological harm.

The camp’s operator, Lazizi Mara Limited, has filed documents in court warning that the case risks derailing Kenya’s post-pandemic tourism recovery while endangering hundreds of livelihoods tied to the facility.

The documents reveal that the project secured over two dozen approvals from Kenyan authorities, between 2023 and 2025.

Affidavits filed by Lazizi Mara’s director Shivan Patel show that the camp obtained permits from the National Environment Management Authority (Nema), Narok County Government, Water Resources Authority, and even received presidential exemption allowing development during a freeze on new national park projects.

The county government issued multiple compliance certificates affirming adherence to Maasai Mara Management Plan guidelines and local bylaws, along with environmental impact assessment licenses, water permits, and fire safety certifications.

Patel states that the county also issued a Certificate of Compliance and Endorsement confirming full compliance with all applicable regulations.

However, the camp -which opened in August through Marriott International- now fights the legal threat as Mr Ole Dapash’s petition seeks its closure. The case is pending determination.

Lazizi Mara’s financial projections indicate the camp would contribute $25 million (Sh3.2 billion) to Kenya’s treasury over six years through VAT, tourism levies, and payroll taxes.

The proprietor says the facility directly employs 207 staff while supporting an estimated 1,000 dependents in a region with scarce formal employment. Court papers show local suppliers stand to gain $1 million from provisioning contracts spanning fresh produce to artisan crafts.

“These funds will not only benefit the county government but will also support various community programmes and wildlife protection initiatives,” state the court papers.

Mr Ole Dapash’s petition alleges that the camp obstructs wildlife migration corridors and violates constitutional ecosystem protections.

However, Lazizi’s affidavits counter this argument with Nema’s August inspection report geotagging the nearest migration path at 15 kilometres from the property.

“The camp is not situated in a migratory corridor as alleged. Nema confirmed it’s situated more than 15 kilometres from the nearest wildlife migration path,” says Mr Patel.

The camp’s sustainability features -100 percent solar power operation, greywater recycling systems, and anti-poaching conservancy partnerships- are presented as evidence of eco-sensitive design. Nema’s audit showed the facility operates entirely on solar power with “effectively zero electricity carbon footprint.”

Lazizi has accused the petitioner of conducting a “trial by social media,” citing Facebook posts branding the chains as “environmental destroyers” and calling for boycotts -claims the hotel says are “false and malicious.”

Mr Patel warns sustained negative publicity risks scaring away reputation-driven high-end tourists.

“There is a real threat of commercial injury,” he observes in his court documents. Directors allege the contested social media statements might trigger inquiries from international partners, threatening Kenya’s premium tourism rebound.

They have petitioned for injunctions compelling Mr Ole Dapash to retract statements and publish corrections in a national newspaper, plus pay unspecified damages.

Their filing argues his actions contravene constitutional limits on free expression regarding hatred, rights infringement, and reputation damage.

Lazizi’s lawyers contend Mr Ole Dapash bypassed statutory appeal mechanisms requiring administrative reviews before court interventions. They argue the petition abuses the judicial process, noting construction concluded months before filings with NEMA having validated compliance.

The case reflects previous perennial tension in Kenya between conservation and economic pragmatism. Wildlife tourism contributes nearly 10 percent of GDP, yet conflicts mount between developers and communities near protected areas.

Lazizi emphasizes its camp’s location on leased county land -not national reserve territory- while highlighting conservation partnerships funding ranger units and human-wildlife conflict mitigation.

Internationally, Marriott and Ritz-Carlton’s presence signals Kenya’s high-end tourism appeal, with the Mara camp competing against luxury lodges in neighboring countries.

Political undercurrents surface in the court proceedings, with Mr Ole Dapash’s unsuccessful bids for Narok North parliamentary seats and the 2022 Senate race featuring in Lazizi’s counterarguments.

Jimmy Cliff: The man who made reggae a global language hits final note at 81

‘I still haven’t written my best song I’m pursuing that all the time. If my music can uplift someone to make them want to live a better life and not give up, that is a big success for me.’ Jimmy Cliff

For 60 years, Jamaican singer-songwriter and actor Jimmy Cliff stood head and shoulders above other musicians from the Caribbean Island.

His death at the age of 81, announced by his family on Monday this week, closes the chapter on one of the most enduring musicians, not just of Jamaica’s trademark ska/reggae genres, but the wider world of pop music.

His signature anthems, You Can Get It If You Really Want, Wonderful World Beautiful People, The Harder They Come, Many Rivers to Cross and Hard Road to Travel, were fundamentally reggae but enriched with influences of pop, rock, and soul.

That distinctive, sweet, soaring voice delivered lyrics that resonated with social, political and economic realities, from the human cost of the Vietnam War to championing the anti- apartheid movement in the 1980s.

‘His music holds immense appeal to audiences all over the world because he spoke to the everyday struggles of the people,’ says David Katz, author of Jimmy Cliff: An Unauthorized Biography in an email response to the BDLife this week.

‘Drawing on his own experience he sang songs of hardship, struggle and determination in a way that everyone could identify with. He had a readily identifiable voice that once heard could never be forgotten,’ adds Katz, an American author/filmmaker who is a leading world authority on reggae.

Even though he was a torch bearer for reggae, Cliff collaborated with a host of artistes outside his genre, notably the Rolling Stones, Annie Lennox, Willie Nelson, Cher, and Kool and the Gang.

While on a visit to Kinshasa in 1986, he made a foray into rumba by recording Shout for Freedom with the iconic Congolese band, T.P. OK Jazz for his album War a Africa. He paired with South African vocalist Lebo M for a rendition of Hakuna Matata featured in 1994’s blockbuster film, The Lion King.

In 2010, Cliff became only the second reggae musician, after Bob Marley, to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. ‘When we saw Jimmy Cliff, we saw ourselves,’ said Wyclef Jean during the induction ceremony of the man who inspired millions throughout Africa and its diaspora.

James Chambers was born July 30, 1944 and grew up in the village of Somerton, St. James, Jamaica. Just like the character he played in the classic film The Harder They Come, he left the countryside for Kingston as a teenager in 1962 and started recording songs with producer Leslie Kong. At the urging of Kong, he took on the name Cliff to signify the heights he aimed to attain in his career.

He relocated to London, UK and when his career failed to take off there, he returned to Jamaica. In 1969 Jimmy Cliff scored his first international hit with Wonderful World Beautiful People and Many Rivers to Cross. The latter, a gospel-imbued vocal and organ arrangement has since been widely covered by many artistes, from John Lennon to UB40.

In 1969 Jamaican film director-writer Perry Henzell offered Cliff his big screen debut in The Harder They Come, though the movie was not released, due to funding challenges, until 1972.

Cliff played the role of Ivan Martin, an aspiring young singer who leaves his rural village to pursue his dream of becoming a star in Kingston but in the process gets caught up in a world of crime and violence.

The soundtrack of the film, which contains songs by Cliff and host of other Jamaican stars like Desmond Dekker and Toots and the Maytals, is acknowledged as the first major introduction of Jamaican music culture to a global audience.

‘His naturalistic appearance as Ivan in the film was entirely believable in part because he again worked his own experiences into the story through improvised dialogue,’ says his biographer, Katz.

Jimmy Cliff released albums prolifically throughout the 1970s and 80s but his output slowed down in the 1990s even though he enjoyed some major hits such as his 1993 version of Johnny Nash’s I Can See Clearly Now. In 2022, his first album in a decade, Refugee, raised awareness on the plight of millions displaced from their homes around the world

Cliff’s legacy, according to his biographer, is a catalogue of music built up over more than 60 years and the individual vision that governed his life and work. David Katz recalls that Cliff faced criticism when he performed in South Africa in 1980 in defiance of the cultural boycott against the apartheid regime. In a rare show of unity, 55, 000 people of all races packed the Orlando Stadium, Soweto for the concert.

‘Jimmy Cliff did things on his own terms and his great conviction in using music for the betterment of mankind is another component of his legacy,’ says Katz. ‘He regularly refreshed his band with top musicians, known and unknown, to keep his music perpetually fresh. He was a humanitarian at heart, and that shone through in his music. Add to that an undeniable charisma and you have the essence of Jimmy Cliff.’

CBK tests investor appetite with Sh40bn long-term bonds

The Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) is set to test investor appetite for long-term government securities with a Sh40 billion reopening of two papers with 15 and 20 years to maturity for its December bond sale.

The sale, which runs between November 27 and December 3, sees the CBK reopening a 25-year bond that was first sold in May 2021, giving it 20.4 years to maturity, and a 30-year bond first sold in February 2011 that now has 15.2 years to maturity.

In the last two bond sales carried out earlier this month, investors signalled to the government that they are willing to lend long-term if they get favourable coupon rates in a period of falling interest rates. The November bond sales involved two separate issuances in which the CBK reopened four papers, comprising a pair of 15-year bonds that had 8.7 years and 11.4 years to maturity, a 20-year bond with seven years to maturity and a 25-year bond that had 21.9 years until it falls due.

These bonds pay investors interest at rates of between 12 and 14.2 percent, which is well above the rates of between 7.8 percent and 9.4 percent that are available on short term Treasury bills.

Investors offered the government a cumulative Sh208.75 billion in the two issuances, with the CBK taking up just over half of this amount at Sh107.6 billion.

The maturity profile of these bonds, according to analysts, would have appealed to buyers who normally have a long investment profile such as pension funds, but retail investors have also bought in as returns from other assets such as unit trusts and fixed bank deposits trend lower. The general decline in interest rates has tracked the easing actions of the CBK’s monetary policy committee, which has cut rates in its last eight meetings held since August 2024.

The Central Bank Rate (CBR) currently stands at 9.25 percent, having been cut by 0.25 percentage points in the latest meeting on October 7. The CBR stood at 13 percent before the current easing cycle started in August 2024.

Now, the CBK is hoping for a repeat of the demand in its December issuance, which is also being floated amid relatively high shilling liquidity in the money market.

The 25-year bond, which has a coupon of 13.92 percent, has an outstanding amount of Sh90.5 billion. It has been reopened on four other occasions since its issuance in May 2021, the most recent of which was in May 2022.

The 30-year bond, which was dubbed a Savings Development Bond (SDB) when it was floated in 2011, has a coupon of 12 percent. It was most recently reopened in September, when it raised a modest Sh2.4 billion against a target of Sh20 billion.

It was also reopened in June this year alongside a 15-year bond from 2020 that carried a coupon of 12.75 percent.

The SDB netted Sh13.8 billion from bids worth Sh16.6 billion in this sale, where it was outperformed significantly by the 15-year paper which raised Sh57.9 billion from bids of Sh84.7 billion. This points to a possible preference by investors for the 25-year bond in the December sale, on account of the superior coupon compared to that of the SDB.