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Governor Ahmed Aliyu of Sokoto State has announced plans by his administration to construct new Islamiyya schools and renovate existing ones across the state beginning next year, as part of efforts to strengthen Islamic education and moral upbringing among children.

The Governor made the disclosure during the commissioning of the remodelled Kirare Jumu’at Mosque and a block of classrooms in Goronyo Local Government Area.

Aliyu said the initiative is aimed at deepening access to quality Islamic education and instilling sound moral values that would help young people become responsible members of society.

‘For us to correct the wrong perceptions some non-Muslims have about Islam, we must educate our people on the true teachings of the religion. Islamiyya schools are critical in raising a morally sound society,’ the Governor stated.

Governor Aliyu also announced that graveyard attendants across the state would soon be placed on the government payroll in recognition of their service to society.

On mosque renovation, he revealed that his administration has awarded contracts for the remodeling of 65 mosques, noting that the Kirare Jumu’at Mosque is the 16th to be commissioned under the ongoing programme.

The Governor urged benefiting communities to take ownership of the projects, maintain the facilities, and keep them clean at all times.

In his goodwill message, the Sultan of Sokoto, Muhammad Sa’ad Abubakar III, commended Governor Aliyu for his continued investment in religious and moral infrastructure. He also called on residents to maintain the mosques and pray for lasting peace and security in Sokoto State and across the country.

Also speaking, the Minister of State for Works, Barrister Bello Goronyo, praised the Governor’s focus on people-oriented projects, noting that the state is witnessing remarkable progress in key sectors such as infrastructure, water supply, agriculture, and security.

The commissioning ceremony drew several dignitaries, including Senator Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko, former Governor Malam Yahaya, Deputy Governor Idris Muhammed Gobir, Minister of Labour and Employment Muhammad Maigari Dingyadi, Speaker of the State House of Assembly Tukur Bala Bodinga, members of the National and State Assemblies, commissioners, and other senior government officials.

He prayed for divine wisdom and strength for Yilwatda to navigate the challenges ahead and lead the party to new heights.

In his October 1 broadcast to mark Nigeria’s 65th independence anniversary, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu was flush with good tidings. ‘The worst is over, I say,’ he gushed. ‘Yesterday’s pains are giving way to relief. I support your endurance, support and understanding.’

The alluring statistics, which he reeled out, simply walked that cheery talk.

In second quarter 2025, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 4.25%, well above the 3.4 % the International Monetary Fund (IMF) had projected. Inflation, another critical economic monitor, fell to 20.12% in August. Though still two-digit, which points that it’s not yet checkmate on the inflationary front, it’s the lowest in three years. That shows how far the administration’s economic reforms have gone.

Jarring inflation was the clearest sign of the harsh combination of oil subsidy removal and floating the Naira against foreign currencies. The Naira devalued, jacking up cross-sectoral costs. So, if inflation is moderating, even while these twin-triggers are still on, it logically reflects an economy structurally re-adjusting – and improving. That supports the president’s claim that the worst is over.

Still on cheering statistics. For a near-mono economy that relies on crude oil sales, non-oil exports have virtually torn through the roof. Latest numbers show that non-oil export revenue now accounts for 48% of the total, though oil and gas still dominate at 52%: with Nigeria now exporting refined products: diesel, petrol, aviation fuel, etc.

Despite that, non-oil exports have closed the gap to this almost 50:50 – and that from virtual nowhere! In just more than two years, non-oil revenue is boosting Nigeria’s trade surplus. Indeed, non-oil earnings for September – which was N3.65 trillion – towered above May earnings by 411%, a feat the president called ‘record-breaking’. Export of made-in-Nigeria manufactured goods soared by 173%!

On debt capital – crucial to accessing quality loans: borrowed cash to build critical physical and social infrastructure – the improvements are no less impressive. Debt service-to-revenue ratio has improved from 97% in 2023 to less than 50% now. That ways-and-means advances are now history underscore the booming fiscal health of the economy.

From more secure debt capital, to improved tax revenue. From less than 10% in 2023, tax-to-GDP ratio has crested at 13.5% in 2025. But that is still lower than the African average of 15%. By 2027, the government projects an 18% tax-to-GDP ratio, well past the African average. With the revamped tax laws debuting from January 2026, this target appears very much attainable.

Aside the fiscal and monetary plain, the numbers from infrastructure, the hard core economic driver, are no less heart-warming. Rail infrastructure, from the president’s statistics, has grown by 40%; water transportation, by 27%.

The 284-km Kano-Katsina-Maradi standard gauge rail is powering to completion. When it is completed, linking Ibadan to Abuja would complete the Lagos-Ibadan-Kano standard gauge rail. That African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCTA)-friendly rail, modelled after the old trans-Sahara trade route, should gift Nigeria huge coast freight business, heading into land-locked neighbours.

The Lagos-Ibadan corridor is already adding great value to mass passengers and freight. Work goes on, on the Port-Harcourt-Aba-Maiduguri narrow-gauge eastern rail network too, for which the Federal Executive Council (FEC) just released US$ 3 billion. This rail rebirth will truly rebirth and expand the Nigerian economy.

Expansion and repair of decayed road stock go on apace: the Lagos-Calabar Coastal Highway, the Sokoto-Badagry Highway, just to list two legacy road projects.

Indeed, this strong infrastructural push cannot be belittled. Unlike previous reforms under President Olusegun Obasanjo and President Goodluck Jonathan that delivered collapsed infrastructure, despite relatively higher crude oil earnings, the current reforms tick with infrastructural expansion. The Tinubu administration has earned due praise for continuing with the infrastructure reset of the Buhari years.

On infrastructure, the president was insistent: ‘We must build the roads we need, repair the ones that have become decrepit and construct the schools our children will attend, and the hospitals that will care for our people,’ he stressed. Reforms that deliver big on infrastructure, physical and social, should be lauded and encouraged.

Now, with all of these statistical glad tidings, does it mean the country has arrived that comfort zone? Not by a mile! The president himself admitted that much.

The sweet-sour oil subsidy removal may have opened the spigot for far more cash into Nigeria’s three governmental tiers. But it hasn’t quite translated into a welfare boom for most. Indeed, the masses that received ‘little or nothing’ – in the president’s exact words – from oil subsidy have not exactly enjoyed a boom from the new non-subsidy regime.

Therein then lies the gravest challenge for the government – with its foes ever ready to weaponise the pains in the land; and demonise its gains with unending shrieks and anguish. While the opposition must play its politics – the government itself would have acted same in their shoes – President Tinubu must buckle down to further taming inflation, at least on food items and transport costs.

In fairness, food inflation is climbing down. But in many areas, it’s still higher than wages. That means the wage of many – if not most workers – can’t really take them home. Whoever listens to tales – no matter how sweet! – on rumbling tummy!

That grim reality may have prompted a N330 billion safety net conditional cash transfer to eight million poorest Nigerian households – very laudable! But until the cash ease is felt by those at the top of the poverty scale and the vanishing middle class, the government will still stay condemned to serenading its glorious statistics, with not a few looking askance.

Other areas the government can do far better are electricity – and security. But first, this presidential admission: ‘We do not have enough electricity to power our industries and homes today’ – candid!

Yet, it must be admitted: power appears generally more stable but not at that level that should sustainably power an economy to heights never seen. President Tinubu should take power as a personal challenge. The economy can’t hit US$ 1 trillion by 2031 with shambolic electricity.

On security, there have also been significant improvements. But such is the asymmetrical warfare of terror that it takes one terror hit, in one month, to rubbish the security progress of the last three years. The government should therefore keep pressing hard to root out these mindless felons.

Federalising the Police is critical to the new security beginning. The president, to be sure, has shown doughty commitment to state police. But he should use his bully pulpit to push state houses of assembly beyond the finishing line.

Across the board, the fundamentals are changing for the better. So, organised Labour, instead of ‘Aluta’ fixation with wage increases, should closely follow the numbers, galvanise their members to mega-productivity, in concert with the emerging better fundamentals. If, for instance, the economy expands four-fold, no government can dispute doubling wages as of right, citing the bogey of inflation. If they do, Labour can butt them down with clinical numbers. Now, is the time to start tracking and acting. As it is now, sans the political aristocrats, about everyone is underpaid in this economy.

As the president said, Nigeria since 1960 has gone through good and bad times. But for once, from these reform pains, a promising window appears opening to get it right. We – the government and the people – must ensure we don’t clap that window shut.

Eight more bodies have been recovered from last Tuesday’s boat accident at Ibaji, Kogi State.

The recovery followed the ongoing search and rescue mounted by personnel of the Kogi State Emergency Management Agency.

Its Executive Secretary, Alhaji Muktar Atima, confirmed the recovery of the eight bodies, adding that further search was ongoing at the scene of the mishap.

The State government had in a condolence message to the people of the state on Wednesday revealed that no fewer than 26 lives were lost in the mishap.

The incident, which occurred at about 4.30 pm on Tuesday, involved mainly traders travelling from Ibaji Local Government Area of Kogi State to Ilushi Market in Edo State.

The state Commissioner of Information and Communications, Kingsley Fanwoon, confirmed the incident in a condolence message on behalf of Governor Ahmed Ododo.

The statement reads in part: ‘The Government and people of Kogi State received with deep sadness the news of the boat mishap which occurred on the River Niger, involving traders travelling from Ibaji Local Government Area of Kogi State to Ilushi Market in Edo State.

‘Reports indicate that the unfortunate incident has allegedly claimed the lives of no fewer than 26 passengers.

‘This is a heartbreaking loss, and our thoughts and prayers are with the families of the deceased, as well as the entire Ibaji Local Government Area, in this moment of grief.

‘His Excellency, Alhaji Ahmed Usman Ododo, the Executive Governor of Kogi State, has expressed deep condolences to the bereaved families and has directed relevant agencies, including the State Emergency Management Agency, to work with local authorities to provide immediate support and relief to those affected.

‘The Governor further assured that the state government will intensify ongoing efforts in collaboration with federal agencies to improve safety measures on our waterways in order to prevent a reoccurrence of such a tragedy.

‘We call on our people, especially in the riverine communities, to always prioritise safety by avoiding overloading and by using life jackets and other precautionary measures whenever they travel by water.’

Mishap raises concerns about safety of passengers on inland water ways

The state has been in mourning mood since the Tuesday accident, which claimed no fewer than 32 lives. According to the state government, the mishap involved mainly traders who were travelling from Ibaji Local Government Area of Kogi State to Ilushi Market in Edo State.

Some residents said that the accident occurred on the River Niger between Onugwa Village in Ibaji Local Government Area of Kogi State and Ilushi (Ojigono) in Edo State.

The state Emergency Management Agency (SEMA), through its Executive Secretary, Alhaji Mouktar Atimah, also disclosed that 80 passengers boarded the boat while 68 were rescued.

Search and rescue were still on as at press time.

Of particular concern was the report of a family in Onugwa community losing eight members in the accident.

While the result of the investigation into the cause of the mishap is being awaited, it is apparent that it has once again brought up the need to secure the lives of passengers on inland waterways in Nigeria.

To be sure, the National Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) has in recent times taken several steps to ensure the safety of waterways travellers. For instance, in August, NIWA commenced the enforcement of the law anyone travelling on Nigeria’s waterways must wear life jackets.

NIWA had launched the enforcement at Niger-Kwara Area Office, insisting that any passenger boarding a commercial canoe or boat across its waterways must wear a life jacket. The Area Manager, Mr Akapo Adeboye, flagged off the 2025 sensitization campaign on safety of lives and property in line with inland waterways regulations at Gabgibo community.

The campaign was tagged ‘Safety and Safe Trip: Zero Tolerance to Boat Mishap – No Life Jacket, No Boarding.’ The enforcement, which began at the Gabgibo waterfront in Mokwa Local Government Area of Niger State, is part of the authority’s efforts to reduce boat accidents and ensure safety on waterways.

NIWA has also introduced various other initiatives including recruitment of personnel who patrol the various Inland waterways across Nigeria to ensure that commercial boats and canoes do not embark on night trips on the waterways.

It will be recalled that NIWA also arraigned two boat operators, namely Alhaji Musa Dangana and Yakubu Dangana before a Lokoja Chief Magistrate Court over a November 2024 boat disaster on Niger River, which claimed no fewer than 19 lives.

The Kogi State Police Command, through its wing of the National Inland Waterways Authority ( NIWA), arraigned the errant men. The duo were the owner and the operator of the wooden boat loaded with 60 passengers from Cupa area of Lokoja to Kacha Market in Niger State.

The two men were arraigned over three count charge of criminal conspiracy, negligent conduct and ‘failure to observe general obligation to exercise vigilance contrary to sections 97(2),196 of Kogi State penal code and section 7 of Inland Waterways transportation regulation.’

The duo however pleaded not guilty to the three charges.

NIWA has also been imploring boat operators not to take hard drugs while operating the boats and shun overloading. The boat operators have also been advised to ensure that canoes and boats being used for operation are in good shape and properly maintained.

The lesson from last Tuesday’s boat incident was that no matter the extent of safety measures put in place by the NIWA, passengers patronising commercial canoes and boats themselves need to accord priority to the safety of their lives and be ready to embrace measures put in place to achieve this by authorities.

Kogi State Governor, Ahmed Ododo, has however assured of his government’s continuous support for whatever safety measures are put in place by the Federal Government and its agencies to ensure safety on the waterways.

In the same vein, Kogi State former Deputy Governor, Simon Achuba, in his condolences over the mishap, enjoined engine boat owners to always put safety measures first in their day-to-day running of their engine boats.

Achuba also implored the state government ‘to listen to the cry of Ibaji people and construct their road for easy access to neighbouring communities, and for commercial activities.’

From all indications and more than ever before, there is still a need for intensive and continuous enlightenment on the various measures being put in place by government to ensure the safety of passengers patronising Nigeria’s waterways.

Sixty-five years ago, on October 1, 1960, the green-white-green flag was hoisted in Lagos amidst jubilation and boundless hope. With pride Nigeria stood at the threshold of greatness, a giant awakening from its colonial bonds. The air was thick with promise-promises of prosperity, unity, and continental leadership. Recently, as we marked another independence anniversary, those promises still ring hollow, echoing through the years a collective disappointment, like a dirge for dreams deferred.

The indices tell a story our patriotic songs and anthems cannot drown out. A nation blessed with abundant crude oil reserves remains trapped in fuel queues. A country with some of Africa’s most fertile lands cannot feed its people. A populace that produces some of the world’s brightest minds watches helplessly as millions of its youth flee in waves of desperation, seeking dignity in foreign lands. This is not the Nigeria our founding fathers envisioned. This is not the beacon of black excellence that Kwame Nkrumah, Jomo Kenyatta, Nelson Mandela and millions across the African diaspora looked toward with anticipation.

The most painful indictment of post-independence Nigeria lies squarely at the feet of our political elite and leadership class-a brotherhood that has consistently chosen self-enrichment over nation-building. From military dictators to civilian kleptocrats, Nigeria’s leadership has exhibited a breathtaking capacity for plunder and an equally stunning deficit of vision.

Our leaders inherited institutions, infrastructure, and an economy that, while nascent, held promise. What have they bequeathed to succeeding generations? An educational system in ruins, where universities are shuttered for months due to strikes while politicians’ children study abroad. A healthcare sector so decrepit that those who govern it flee to foreign hospitals at the first sign of illness. An infrastructure deficit so profound that businesses generate their own electricity, build their own roads, and provide their own security-essentially paying taxes for services never rendered.

The political elite have perfected the art of primitive accumulation. They loot treasuries with impunity, stash billions in foreign accounts, and when caught, receive mere slaps on the wrist. They weaponize ethnicity and religion to divide the populace, ensuring that Nigerians fight each other rather than demand accountability from those who govern. They have transformed public service into private enterprise, viewing political office not as a call to duty but as an opportunity for wealth extraction.

Sixty-five years ago, on October 1, 1960, the green-white-green flag was hoisted in Lagos amidst jubilation and boundless hope. With pride Nigeria stood at the threshold of greatness, a giant awakening from its colonial bonds. The air was thick with promise-promises of prosperity, unity, and continental leadership. Recently, as we marked another independence anniversary, those promises still ring hollow, echoing through the years a collective disappointment, like a dirge for dreams deferred.

The indices tell a story our patriotic songs and anthems cannot drown out. A nation blessed with abundant crude oil reserves remains trapped in fuel queues. A country with some of Africa’s most fertile lands cannot feed its people. A populace that produces some of the world’s brightest minds watches helplessly as millions of its youth flee in waves of desperation, seeking dignity in foreign lands. This is not the Nigeria our founding fathers envisioned. This is not the beacon of black excellence that Kwame Nkrumah, Jomo Kenyatta, Nelson Mandela and millions across the African diaspora looked toward with anticipation.

The most painful indictment of post-independence Nigeria lies squarely at the feet of our political elite and leadership class-a brotherhood that has consistently chosen self-enrichment over nation-building. From military dictators to civilian kleptocrats, Nigeria’s leadership has exhibited a breathtaking capacity for plunder and an equally stunning deficit of vision.

Our leaders inherited institutions, infrastructure, and an economy that, while nascent, held promise. What have they bequeathed to succeeding generations? An educational system in ruins, where universities are shuttered for months due to strikes while politicians’ children study abroad. A healthcare sector so decrepit that those who govern it flee to foreign hospitals at the first sign of illness. An infrastructure deficit so profound that businesses generate their own electricity, build their own roads, and provide their own security-essentially paying taxes for services never rendered.

The political elite have perfected the art of primitive accumulation. They loot treasuries with impunity, stash billions in foreign accounts, and when caught, receive mere slaps on the wrist. They weaponize ethnicity and religion to divide the populace, ensuring that Nigerians fight each other rather than demand accountability from those who govern. They have transformed public service into private enterprise, viewing political office not as a call to duty but as an opportunity for wealth extraction.

Our tolerance for dysfunction has become legendary. We have normalized the abnormal. We celebrate citizens who provide basic amenities in their communities-water, roads, electricity-things that governments should provide as a matter of course. We have become so accustomed to failure that we praise minimal competence as extraordinary achievement. We have set the bar so low that it now lies buried underground.

Furthermore, too many Nigerians have become complicit in the system of exploitation. From the civil servant who demands bribes to process legitimate documents, to the police officer who extorts motorists at checkpoints, to the lecturer who demands gratification for grades-corruption has metastasized from the political class into the social fabric. We have created a society where cutting corners is celebrated as smartness, and integrity is dismissed as foolishness.

But Nigeria need not remain trapped in this cycle of mediocrity and failure. The dreams of our founding fathers-Nnamdi Azikiwe, Obafemi Awolowo, Ahmadu Bello, and others-were not foolish fantasies, nor were they tales of Sugar Candy land. They were achievable visions grounded in Nigeria’s enormous potential. What we lack is not resources or capability, but the political will and moral courage to build the nation we deserve.

The founding fathers believed in Nigeria. Marcus Garvey dreamed of it. W.E.B. Du Bois anticipated its greatness. Millions of black people worldwide once looked to Nigeria as proof that black self-governance could succeed, that we could build nations rivaling any in the world. That faith, though battered, is not dead. But it requires resurrection through action.

This resurrection demands transformative leadership that prioritizes education, healthcare, infrastructure, and security. It requires leaders who understand that development is not about white-elephant projects but about creating systems that work for ordinary citizens. It demands an end to impunity and the establishment of true accountability. Most fundamentally, it requires a commitment to building a genuine nation where every citizen, regardless of ethnicity or religion, feels valued and protected.

Sixty-five years of failure is enough. Nigerians deserve better. Africa deserves a Nigeria that fulfills its promise. The world deserves a black nation that will raise it’s brows at the maltreatment of any black man in any part of the world. The question is whether those in positions of power and influence-political leaders, business elites, traditional rulers, religious leaders, and every citizen-have the courage to make it happen.

The independence blues need not be our permanent state. But changing the tune requires each Nigerian to demand more from our leaders and from ourselves. The giant of Africa must finally awaken, not to rhetoric and empty promises, but to purposeful action and genuine transformation. Our founding fathers lit a torch sixty-five years ago. It is time we stopped letting it flicker and instead let it blaze, illuminating a path to the Nigeria that was promised, the Nigeria that is possible, the Nigeria that must be.

The Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nyesom Wike, on Saturday reassured residents that Abuja is a safe and secure city, while also highlighting significant progress on key infrastructure projects in the Wuye District and Kuje Area Council.

The Minister said this following a routine inspection of ongoing work on the Wuye District Infrastructure and the Federal Highway 105 from the Umar Musa Yar’Adua Expressway to Kuje township.

Responding to a question about security concerns in the nation’s capital, Wike, emphasised that there is improved security in the FCT, compared to what obtained in the past, stressing that isolated incidents of insecurity do not define the city’s overall safety.

‘If there is one safe city in this country, I think Abuja is that city,’ the Minister stated, noting that the ‘Light Up Abuja’ program, which involves installing solar streetlights across districts and expressways, is also a strategic initiative to further enhance security.

He said: ‘The problem we have here is that when one incident happens, we forget that three months ago, nothing happened. You should give us and the security agencies credit that we are doing quite a lot to make Abuja safe, and Abuja has been safe.

‘We do agree that something may happen but that does not mean that Abuja is not safe.I don’t want us to take that to mean that the city is not safe. If there is one safe city in this country, I think Abuja is that city’, Wike added.

The Minister expressed satisfaction with the pace and progress of ongoing projects, noting that Arab Contractors, the firm handling the Wuye District infrastructure, has assured that the project is nearing completion, with the road expected to be finished within 10 days.

Wike also praised the work on the Airport Road to Kuje dual carriageway, which he had visited multiple times.

The Minister noted that the 8-lane road will significantly reduce travel time, allowing Kuje residents to reach the city center in just 15 to 20 minutes.

He assured that the road will be inaugurated during President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s third anniversary celebration.

He said: ‘For a regular passerby who knows this area very well, if you come here now, you will give it to them; Arab Contractor has done a good job. You can see how beautiful the landscape is. We believe that, God willing, just as they have promised, with our support, and we will continue to support. Latest, during the third anniversary of Mr. President, we believe that this road will be one of the roads that will be inaugurated to the delight of residents of Kuje and the entire people of Abuja, and of course to the happiness of all Nigerians.

‘The level of infrastructure is such that we have not seen before, and everybody will attest to the fact that if you are living in Kuje, you don’t need to go and find a house in the city to live. By the time this road is commissioned, which is not less than 8-lane dual carriageway, in about 15 or 20 minutes, you are already in the city centre and that’s what development is all about. That’s what the Renewed Hope Agenda is all about. So, we are happy’, the Minister stated.

Addressing sanitation challenges, Wike also confirmed that the FCT Administration is actively removing indiscriminately dumped refuse, particularly along Airport Road and in the Nyanya/Karshi area. He revealed plans to award new contracts for refuse disposal within the next two weeks, promising to select only competent contractors with the capacity to ensure that the city remains clean.

‘We believe that in the next two weeks, the contract will be formally awarded for refuse disposal. That, I can tell you, will help us quite a lot,’ he said.

In Nigeria, both domestic and international airfares are significantly higher compared to other countries due to a variety of internal and external economic and operational challenges.

Unlike in many other parts of the world, these elevated costs are driven by factors like currency depreciation, high operational costs, taxes, and limited competition.

Investigation by The Nation revealed the disparity around price in Nigeria compared to elsewhere.

Passengers flying out of Nigeria often pay substantially more for international routes than those departing from neighboring West African countries like Ghana or Benin Republic.

For instance, a flight from Lagos to London can cost over three times more than a flight on the same airline from Cotonou to London.

In 2019, a study noted that the average fare per passenger flight hour on a popular Lagos-Abuja route was about $83.3, whereas similar flights on a Boeing 737-700 in Western countries averaged just $33.33.

The significant and rapid depreciation of the Nigerian Naira against major foreign currencies, particularly the US dollar, is a primary driver.

This devaluation makes it prohibitively expensive for Nigerian airlines to cover costs that are priced in foreign currency, including aircraft maintenance, spare parts, and lease payments.

Airlines also face difficulties repatriating revenue earned in Nigeria in foreign currency, further limiting their operational cash flow.

Nigeria’s airlines spend a significant portion of their operational budget on aviation fuel, which is imported. Global oil price volatility and the poor state of domestic refineries make this a major and unstable cost.

The combined effect of these challenges is a volatile and expensive air travel market in Nigeria. While an airline’s price planning is influenced by multiple factors, including distance, time, and demand, the overriding structural issues in Nigeria make air travel far more expensive and prone to sharp, sudden price increases compared to other regions.

For example, between November 2021 and November 2022, the average domestic airfare in Nigeria surged by over 97%. Similarly, between September 2023 and September 2024, the fare jumped by 57.81%. These rapid escalations highlight the profound impact of exchange rate fluctuations and fuel costs on the industry.

Nigerian airfare affordability is currently challenged by several factors, including currency volatility, high operational costs (especially for aviation fuel and maintenance), taxes, and infrastructure limitations. This situation has led to declining air passenger travel and reduced spending on foreign travel.

Aviation fuel, which is largely imported, can account for 40-50% of an airline’s operating costs in Nigeria, compared to a global average of 25%. Maintenance, insurance, and capital costs are also higher than global averages.

Airlines face numerous government charges, levies, and high airport fees, which contribute to higher ticket prices. There is currently a debate over NAMA’s N11,000 per-flight charge, which remains unchanged since 2008 despite ticket prices soaring from N16,000 to between N150,000 and N200,000.

Limited airport operating hours due to a lack of airfield lighting restrict aircraft utilisation and can increase operational costs.

Increased competition on some international routes, such as the Lagos-London route following Air Peace’s entry, has led to price reductions by other airlines. However, domestic routes still show signs of ‘shadow pricing’ where airlines tend to match fares rather than undercut competitors, indicating limited price competition.

In Nigeria, both domestic and international airfares are significantly higher compared to other countries due to a variety of internal and external economic and operational challenges. Unlike in many other parts of the world, these elevated costs are driven by factors like currency depreciation, high operational costs, taxes, and limited competition.

The Nigerian aviation industry lacks sufficient local capacity for major aircraft maintenance (C-checks), forcing airlines to perform maintenance abroad at a high foreign exchange cost.

Both domestic and international airlines operating in Nigeria face a multitude of government-related charges, levies, and high airport fees. These costs are often passed on to the customer, inflating ticket prices.

In some instances, major airlines have formed cartels to determine pricing, limiting competition and driving up ticket prices.

On key international routes, high demand is not met by sufficient capacity, particularly from domestic carriers. This allows foreign airlines to charge a premium for tickets.

While airfares are high, the average disposable income of many Nigerians is relatively low.

Despite high costs, the demand for air travel on some routes remains relatively inelastic, particularly for business travelers or those with limited alternatives.

The combined effect of these challenges is a volatile and expensive air travel market in Nigeria. While an airline’s price planning is influenced by multiple factors, including distance, time, and demand, the overriding structural issues in Nigeria make air travel far more expensive and prone to sharp, sudden price increases compared to other regions.

This increase has been attributed to fluctuations in aviation fuel prices and exchange rate volatility, leading to rising operational costs.

Higher airfares in Nigeria have several implications: elevated travel costs for consumers, decreased demand for air travel, adverse effects on tourism, increased operational costs for businesses that depend on air transport and inflationary pressures on related sectors such as hospitality and logistics.

Across Africa, a similar trend is evident in the demand and aeroplane seat availability data. Overall, the number of aeroplane seats in Africa decreased by 3.58%, suggesting a reduction in available flights.

Demand for aeroplane seats varies across Africa, with significant drops reported in Eastern and North Africa, while Southern Africa saw an increase in seat capacity.

The ‘Seats by Region’ metric represents the number of seats available to, from, and within each African subregion for the specified period.

Uneven seat distribution could be due to factors like demand elasticity, operational challenges, and regional economic conditions, which airlines are addressing by strategically adjusting capacities to align with market demand.

Data between September 2023 and March 2024 indicate a 71% correlation between airfare charges and aviation fuel costs.

This shows that there is a moderate to strong positive connection between the two variables, indicating that domestic flight costs tend to climb in tandem with increases in aviation fuel prices, as airlines likely pass some of these increased expenses onto consumers.

The depreciation of the Naira against major foreign currencies was another reason stated to have led to the increase in airfares in Nigeria.

However, data shows that Nigeria’s exchange rate volatility is moderately linked to changes in airfares.

The Naira to Dollar exchange rate is 69% correlated to airfare charges for a single journey between September 2023 to September 2024.

The World Bank emphasises that countries that rely significantly on imported items, such as aviation fuel and aircraft parts, which are valued in foreign currency, are significantly impacted by exchange rate depreciation.

According to an analysis by the Centre for the Promotion of Private Enterprise (CPPE), three sectors underperformed in the rebased GDP.

The CPPE said, ‘Top-performing sectors included financial services [15.3%], oil refining [11.51%], transportation [14.08], ICT [7.4%], and metal ores [25%].

‘The following sectors contracted: Livestock [-16.7%], fishing [-0.21%], Textiles [-1.63], Coal Mining [-22.3%], Quarry and Minerals [-21.55%], Plastics and Rubber [-3.2%], Iron and Steel [-0.35%], Air Transport [-0.81%].’

Sectors in recession include air transport, textiles, and coal mining. This follows their consistent contraction over the past few quarters.

With increasing prices of tickets, the passenger numbers have dropped significantly according to airline operators.

Also the acting Managing Director of Ibom Air, George Uriesi recently raised an alarm over depleting passenger figures, saying this is a major cause for concern.

The Ibom Air boss confirmed that traffic has been dwindling since 2022, saying the situation is getting worse and efforts must be made to attract more passengers to fly.

‘We are down by 27% from 2024. We are in trouble, we have to find a way to get people flying again,’ he said.

The Airline operator said airports must work with airlines to survive, saying, ‘In Aviation ecosystem, the driver is the airline. Nobody will earn kobo if airlines do not fly. Everybody talks about money because airlines are flying.’

While commenting on the troubling phenomenon, the Chief Executive Officer of Aero Contractors, Capt. Ado Sanusi in a chat with newsmen said, ‘The passenger traffic has been declining in Nigeria. It’s been declining and we know the reason for the decline of the passenger traffic. I have mentioned it in several interviews. There are factors affecting the decline in passenger traffic. The movement of passengers reflects the economic activities of any country. If the economic activities of the country have slowed down, the movement will slow down.’

Sanusi however believes the economy is picking up gradually and said the federal government must work with the airlines to streamline the taxes.

‘The economy is going in the right direction. But the problem, or the challenge that we are faced with is the taxations that are a bit high and so for the tickets. That makes the tickets a bit high in so many ways, meaning that the people that are buying tickets are very few in Nigeria.’

Stanley Opubeh, another aviation stakeholder, blamed the underperformance of the sector on the depletion of disposable income of Nigerians.

‘There is no disposable income again. People are really tightening their belts now. To travel by air is now a luxury more or less,’ he said.

However, President of the National Association of Nigerian Travel Agencies (NANTA), Yinka Folami however disagreed that the aviation sector is in a recession.

‘From my experience and what I observe, there is nothing that points to that significant drop so much as classified as a recession. Nothing points that to me. IATA figures are bouncing back. Load factor is reasonably high,’ he said.

Aviation analyst and General Secretary of Aviation Roundtable and Safety Initiative, Mr. Olumide Ohunayo said the sector was recovering well from the shutdown occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic until the progress was slowed by naira devaluation.

Ohunayo said, ‘Air Transport was the sector that was most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. It was predicted that it would take three years for air transport to get back to the pre-COVID era. I think that prediction has only been reverted by two or three countries that have got back to the 2019 era.

‘In our own case as we are about recovering, there came the paucity of funds most especially the dollar which is the main currency of operation in the industry. That affected the capacity and because it affected the capacity, the airlines did not post a lot, they cancelled some routes and passengers were looking at options.

‘The dollar-to-naira ticket fare skyrocketed. And due to the skyrocketing, passengers also abandoned air transportation. The airlines do not have the kind of capacity they had in the beginning, that reduced and this affected frequency and routes and also affected available capacity in the market.

‘The rate of dollar to naira that skyrocketed along with the inflation that followed it also made tickets a bit high for passengers.

‘Again, the disposable income that was there for Nigerians before was lowered considerably by inflation. So people are not travelling for things that are not important anymore. So it must be extremely important for people to travel.

‘With all these conditions, it was the air transport that suffered the most because it is a luxurious travel and it is very expensive.

‘Again remember they also clamped down on private jets. Remember as of 2019, we had more private jets than even scheduled flights. With the clamp down on private jet operations and asking them to regularise their papers, that also took some aircraft out of the country while some were grounded and that also affected aviation contribution to the economy.’

Experts have divided opinions on the outlook for 2025 and 2026. Some are optimistic about potential improvements due to relative stability in the foreign exchange market and local production of aviation fuel. Others predict a continued decline unless the underlying issues of currency instability and economic hardship are addressed.

However, the government is exploring ways to address high airfares, including potentially enhancing airport security and addressing challenges related to aircraft leasing and trapped funds.

Recent tax law changes have removed waivers for airline tickets, aircraft, engines, and spare parts, which industry stakeholders warn could further increase costs. However, a recent suspension of a 4% FOB levy on imports was lauded by airline operators as a positive intervention.

In the view of experts, overall, the outlook for airfare affordability in Nigeria remains challenging due to persistent economic and structural issues. While some government interventions and private sector initiatives offer glimmers of hope, significant improvements are likely dependent on greater currency stability, reduced operational costs, and supportive government policies.

The striking members of the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko (AAUA) Chapter in Ondo State have decried what they described as the deplorable state of infrastructure and gross underfunding of the state-owned institution under the Governor Lucky Aiyedatiwa-led administration.

The union members, currently on strike over alleged non-payment of salaries and arrears, said the continued neglect of the university had severely affected the welfare of academic staff and crippled the institution’s growth

Addressing journalists in Akure, the AAUA-ASUU Chairperson, Comrade Boluwaji Oshodi, lamented that the university had suffered ‘serious neglect’ from successive governments in the past six years, especially, in terms of funding, which has resulted in a huge backlog of salary arrears and allowances running into billions of naira.

Oshodi explained that several meetings were held with the university management to resolve the issues until it became clear that the root problem was ‘inadequate funding,’ citing low monthly subventions and the non-release of capital grants by the state government.

He noted that ASUU had written several letters dated May 3 and June 10, 2025, requesting a meeting with Governor Aiyedatiwa but received no positive response.

According to Oshodi, classrooms, laboratories, libraries, and lecturers’ offices have become inhabitable, with leaking roofs and collapsed structures worsening the learning environment.

‘The neglect of the university has greatly affected the welfare of the academic staff of this great university. The following are currently being experienced by the University: Bad access road to the university – There are two roads linking the University to the Owo-Ikare major highway. The two roads are in deplorable conditions such that it is difficult to believe that they actually lead to a university.

‘Poor infrastructure in the university: Lecture rooms, laboratories, and library need some urgent face lift. Lecturers’ offices are the worst hit. The faculty of Arts, a two-storey building, for example, has been abandoned by staff accommodated on the second floor because the inner roofs of most offices have collapsed and are usually flooded anytime it rains. The same thing is happening to the Faculty of Education. The roof is leaking, making the offices on the last floor become inhabitable anytime it rains,’ he said.

He further revealed that the state government had not released any capital grants to the university in the past seven years, despite yearly budgetary appropriations by the State House of Assembly.

The ASUU chair also revealed that since the withdrawal of TETfund intervention by the immediate past administration, the institution had witnessed a severe infrastructural decline.

He noted that the current monthly subvention of N223,125,000 was far below the N555-N600 million required for salaries and overheads.

Oshodi added that although the government once invited the university management led by Vice-Chancellor Prof. Olugbenga Ige for a meeting where it was agreed that a verification team from the Ministry of Finance would visit the school by July 2025.

However, he noted that no such visit had taken place.

‘After over two months of waiting, the state government has neither sent the verification team nor invited the union for any further talks. As of today, October 3, 2025, our members are being owed two months’ salary (August and September 2025), in addition to huge outstanding arrears,’ he said.

He listed the outstanding liabilities as Excess workload arrears (2009-2013: 70%, 2014-2020: 100%) – Over ?4.5bn, promotion/annual increment arrears (2021/2022)- N65m, promotion/annual increment arrears (2022/2023)-N200m outstanding minimum wage arrears (2014)-N276,664,779.96, Outstanding minimum wage arrears (2019)- N1,939,346,017.32, third-party deductions (March-August 2025)- over N24m, cooperative deductions-NOver N102,142,742.10

Oshodi, therefore, called on Governor Aiyedatiwa to urgently intervene and salvage the institution from what he described as ‘looming total collapse.’

Meanwhile, the state Commissioner for Education in the state, Prof Igbekele Ajibefun, told The Nation that the issues raised by the striking lecturers were being addressed.

Ajibefun, who pleaded with the ASUU members to exercise patience with the government, added that the Governor Aiyedatiwa led administration has been investing much in education in the state.

‘We shall be meeting the lecturers and union leaders soon to address these issues. One thing is that the governor is a lover of education and he is not relenting in investing in the sector. So, all their grievances would be resolved soon,’ he said.

The Managing Director/CEO of the Delta State Oil Producing Areas Development Commission (DESOPADEC), Chief Festus Ochonogor, has emphasised the importance of youth development in oil-producing communities of the state.

He spoke at the Delta State Oil Producing Areas Youth Summit.

The event took place yesterday at the Governor’s Office Annex in Edjeba, Warri, and was represented by Olorogun (Dr.) Ebenezer Okorodudu, the Executive Director of Projects.

Ochonogor highlighted that the future of society, particularly in oil-producing areas, relies heavily on the youth.

He outlined DESOPADEC’s significant investments in youth-oriented initiatives, including a programme aimed at equipping young individuals with essential skills for the job market.

He mentioned financial support for indigent students pursuing higher education.

Ochonogor said the theme of the summit, ‘Keying the Youth of Oil-Producing Areas of Delta State into the Renewed Hope and M.O.R.E Agenda for Sustainable Development’, was highlighted as particularly relevant.

He said it aligned with the initiatives of Governor Sheriff Oborevwori and the Renewed Hope Agenda of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, focusing on uplifting youth and providing them with modern, market-driven vocational skills in various sectors.

According to the DESOPADEC’s boss, other sectors comprised oil servicing, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Agribusiness, Renewable energy and Construction.

He said the commitment aimed to foster sustainable development and growth within the communities served by the commission.

Also speaking at the summit, Hon. Francis Ejiro Waive, representing Ughelli North, Ughelli South, and Udu Federal Constituency, urged youths in oil-producing areas to embrace peace, particularly in the Warri Federal Constituency.

Earlier, the Summit Convener, Comrade Owen Oghenero Edafe, highlighted the importance of uniting youths across the region to change the narrative and position themselves as key drivers of development.

Other speakers included Comrade Milton Ediri Sangboje (National Youth Council of Nigeria, Delta State Chapter), Comrade Isaac Garry (Ijaw Youth Council), Comrade Joel Emani (Isoko Development Union Youth Wing), and representatives from the Urhobo, Itsekiri, and Ndokwa youth bodies. They all echoed the need for unity and peace in Warri and surrounding communities.

Also present were Hon. Stella Okotete (Executive Director, Nexim Bank), Barr. Latimore Oghenesivwe (DG, Communication Bureau), Hon. Ejiro Tommy Jammany (Commissioner for Environment), and Chief Peter Oviejitebor Okagbare (Commissioner for Oil and Gas), among others.

Stakeholders in Africa’s modern retail sector have been urged to prioritise digitisation, capacity building, skills exchange, and policy advocacy as critical levers for driving sustainable growth across the continent.

This charge was made by Ade Sun-Basorun, Chief Executive Officer of FoodCo Nigeria – a top-five retailer and operator of the largest supermarket chain brand in South-West Nigeria – during a courtesy visit by a delegation from the Africa Retail Academy (ARA), Africa’s largest community of retail experts and practitioners, to FoodCo’s head office in Ibadan.

Represented by Funmi Aiyepeku, Chief Commercial Officer, Sun-Basorun expressed optimism about the prospects of formal retail in Africa and commended ARA for galvanising stakeholders to advance the sector’s growth.

He said: ‘While modern retail is undergoing different stages of evolution across Africa, what we can all agree on is that there are huge opportunities to scale the sector. If critical players can leverage technology, innovation, and local intelligence to bridge existing gaps, we will begin to see the formal retail sector unlock its full potential and make meaningful contributions to the economy.’

Reaffirming FoodCo’s commitment to delivering world-class retail services across the value chain, Sun-Basorun pledged that the company would deepen collaboration with ARA, particularly in talent acquisition, development, and advocacy.

In his remarks, Prof. Nzegwu, Head of Marketing at the Lagos Business School and Chairman of the 2026 ARA Congress, applauded FoodCo for over four decades of contributions to modern retail in Nigeria.

He also praised the company’s commitment to gender inclusivity, innovation, and customer service excellence, while stressing the importance of sustainable stakeholder collaboration to deepen local penetration and make the African retail market globally competitive.

Founded in 1982, FoodCo is a diversified consumer goods company with interests in retail, restaurants, manufacturing, and entertainment.

With 23 outlets and over 1,200 employees across Ibadan, Lagos, and Abeokuta, the company is a major contributor to the South-West Nigerian economy and a critical access-to-market channel for SMEs in the region.

FoodCo has also been listed in the Financial Times ranking of Africa’s Fastest Growing Companies in 2021, 2023, and 2024.

The Africa Retail Academy, an initiative of the Lagos Business School, hosts the annual Africa Retail Congress – an event that attracts over 5,000 retail stakeholders, including operators, academics, and investors, to deliberate on topical issues shaping the retail landscape in Africa.

The festering crisis involving Dangote Petroleum Refinery and the Petroleum and Natural Gas Senior Staff Association of Nigeria (PENGASSAN) will have rippled negative effects on the economy, Evans Ufeli Esq, Legal Practitioner and expert in Energy Resources Law, has said.

Speaking in an exclusive interview with The Nation last night, Ufeli acknowledged the fact the law allows trade unions to take collective action.

‘Trade unions have the right to take collective action, including strikes, but that right is subject to statutory procedures, contract terms, and constitutional/International Labour Organisation (ILO) protections for freedom of association.’

Raising some posers, Ufeli asked, ‘Were the dismissed workers unlawfully dismissed for union activity? Did PENGASSAN follow statutory dispute-resolution steps (conciliation/notice requirements) before directing industrial action? Is the direction a primary industrial action against Dangote directly or a secondary action/sympathy strike against third-party suppliers?’

According to him, ‘Many legal systems (and Nigerian jurisprudence/practice) place tighter limits on secondary boycotts/secondary strikes and on inducing third parties to breach existing contracts. If PENGASSAN ordered members of other companies to breach their supply contracts, that may be vulnerable to court injunctions and civil liability (inducing breach, tortious interference). If PENGASSAN can show the sackings were unlawful unfair dismissals and complied with required procedures, its action is more defensible -but still risky if it causes third-party contractual breaches. There is a need to investigate unfair dismissal claims: ensure quick, impartial investigation of the sackings; if dismissals breach labour law or collective bargaining agreements, require remedial action.’

As to whether the union’s action could lead Dangote to claim force majeure, and what are the wider implications, he said the consequences are dire.

‘Yes, a prolonged cut-off of feedstock or utilities could be framed by Dangote as a force majeure event if the refinery cannot perform because of circumstances beyond its control. Whether a force majeure clause applies depends entirely on the contract wording: some clauses expressly include strikes/industrial action, others do not, and many require that the event be unavoidable despite mitigation.’

On the wider implications of a force majeure at a major refinery such Dangote Refinery can cascade through the economy -fuel/fertilizer/petrochemical shortages, price spikes, upstream and downstream contractual disputes, inventory depletion at buyers, job losses, supply chain disruptions for many industries, and potential fiscal/monetary impacts. Insurers may dispute coverage for industrial-action-related business interruption.

Specifically, he said the direct consequences could be loss of throughput and revenues while operating below capacity or shutting units, breach of supply contracts with customers; exposure to penalties, claims for damages, increased operating cost if forced to buy alternative feedstock or import products, disruption to refinery scheduling, maintenance plans, and safety procedures, legal costs (injunctions, litigation, potential enforcement actions).

Lamentably, Ufeli argued that the indirect consequences of the raging crisis could lead to reputational damage and investor concern, strained relations with other contractors and supply-chain partners, potential regulatory scrutiny and political fallout, just it could lead to workforce morale issues and difficulty recruiting with the even wider implications leading to macro effects such as impact on downstream companies and market perceptions of energy security.

On the way forward, the Dangote Refinery can secure temporary alternative feedstock (imports), adjust production schedules, ration allocations to key customers, and use inventories where possible.

‘In terms of legal measures, Dangote can apply to the National Industrial Court for injunctive relief (to stop unlawful secondary action), sue for inducing breach of contract and recover damages, seek contempt sanctions if court orders are flouted.

‘This is just as labour/legal settlement can help mitigate the crisis by engaging with the Ministry of Labour, offer interim remedies (suspension of contested dismissals, binding arbitration, expedited grievance hearings), or negotiate a settlement to de-escalate.’

He also did not rule out public/political strategy, which he said could be achieved through transparent public communication emphasising legality and steps to protect supply; seek government facilitation.

The oil giant, he stressed, must revisit its security architecture by ensuring security/continuity planning involving classifying critical assets, working with regulators to maintain operations and protect staff (while avoiding escalation).

He also reiterated the fact that the federal government can mediate by directing the Ministry of Labour and Employment to convene conciliation/mediation between parties immediately; refer unresolved dispute to the National Industrial Court if necessary.

‘There must be enforcement of law. The parties must enforce court orders and prohibit unlawful secondary boycotts; regulators (Department of Petroleum Resources, NNPC where relevant) can coordinate to maintain supplies.’

This is just as he urged the oil firm to expedite permits or logistics for alternative imports, release strategic stocks where applicable, and coordinate critical infrastructure protection.

In terms of policy/regulatory response, Ufeli said parties in dispute must consider short-term measures to protect consumers/businesses dependent on the refinery and longer-term review of laws governing secondary industrial action, critical infrastructure protections and dispute resolution timelines.

‘The government actions should balance enforcing law/order and protecting the constitutional right to strike and freedom of association, to avoid appearing partisan or escalating tensions.

‘Dangote should immediately seek urgent legal advice to assess remedies and the likelihood of a force majeure defence, preserve contemporaneous records, and initiate emergency operational contingency plans. PENGASSAN and Dangote should be pressed into expedited mediation/arbitration under governmental or industry auspices to avoid prolonged disruption. All affected commercial partners should review their contracts for force majeure, hardship, and mitigation obligations and prepare contingency sourcing plans.’