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Quoc Dat Tong, Senior Financial Markets Strategist at Exness, analyses how geopolitics, policy shifts, and trade disruptions are transforming oil markets and reshaping global economic stability.

When tensions in the Middle East began to escalate earlier this year, markets braced for the familiar chain reaction: fears of disrupted supply, speculative spikes in crude prices, and renewed volatility across global assets. In oil, these shifts are amplified. A targeted attack on infrastructure, a diplomatic breakdown, or a sudden production cut by an OPEC member can trigger price movements that ripple from regional economies to the world’s largest financial centres.

Today, those ripples are colliding with other fault lines, creating one of the most complex oil market environments seen in years. Understanding this landscape means understanding not just OPEC’s influence, but the geopolitical forces shaping its every move.

When Oil Supply Meets Geopolitical Turbulence

In oil markets, a ‘shock’ is less about surprise and more about scale. It’s an event sudden enough to jolt supply, demand, or both. Wars, sanctions, unrest, and infrastructure attacks can choke supply almost overnight. On the other side of the equation, shifts in economic policy, trade restrictions, or even sudden surges in industrial activity can upend demand patterns just as quickly.

In practice, these shocks rarely happen in isolation. A supply cut triggered by conflict can also spark speculative buying, amplifying price swings. This is why understanding the source, whether it’s pipeline sabotage, a tariff dispute, or a regional conflict, is crucial for anyone trying to navigate oil’s notoriously sensitive price dynamics.

Geopolitical Shocks and Knock-on Effects

The last few years have shown just how quickly a single geopolitical event can redraw the oil map. The Russia-Ukraine conflict is a prime example. Prior to the war, the EU sourced a quarter of its crude oil and 40% of its diesel from Russia. Within months, sanctions and outright bans from the US and EU cut those flows almost entirely.

In response, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) released 60 million barrels from strategic reserves to ease prices. But the real shift was structural. Gulf states increased imports of discounted Russian crude, rerouting refined products back to Europe. Prices briefly spiked above 110 USD per barrel before settling into a lower range as new trade patterns took hold.

Three years on, the EU has replaced much of its Russian fossil fuel imports with alternative suppliers and, crucially, ramped up renewable energy. Green energy’s share of EU production has more than doubled since 2021, and if that trajectory continues, it could further soften oil demand and prices in the years ahead.

Recent Events Affecting Oil Prices

When tensions flare in the Middle East, oil markets react. Prices shift on mere whispers of supply disruption, shipping routes are reassessed, and traders weigh the likelihood of escalation. In a commodity as globally integrated as oil, even localised conflict can send ripples across the globe, reshaping trade flows and market sentiment in real time.

Recent flare-ups involving Israel, Iran, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia have done just that, heightening supply fears. These developments come on top of unrest in Libya and Venezuela, both oil-producing countries, compounding uncertainty in a market already sensitive to political risk.

OPEC’s Balancing Act: Unity, Strategy, and Survival

The organisation’s ability to stabilise prices for members adhering to agreed production quotas. But compliance isn’t always guaranteed. Iraq, Kazakhstan, and Russia have all been frequent overproducers, sometimes driven by economic necessity or political pressure. Even Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s de facto leader, has exceeded agreed limits.

Managing this balance is even more complex when members are under sanctions or engaged in conflict. Russia’s current status-under heavy Western sanctions but also the world’s third-largest oil producer-complicates OPEC’s decision-making. The group must avoid alienating Western buyers while also protecting its members’ economic interests.

Adding to the challenge, major oil producers outside OPEC+, such as the US, Canada, and Brazil, collectively account for 40-50% of global production. This means OPEC’s ability to control prices is never absolute.

Oil Affects the Price of Everything

Oil’s political and economic weight comes from its role as the foundational input across industries. From transportation to manufacturing, agriculture to energy production, oil price movements ripple through nearly every supply chain. Even the process of extracting and transporting oil depends on oil itself.

Higher prices increase costs across the board, while lower prices can ease inflationary pressures. Oil price shifts also influence currency markets, particularly commodity-linked currencies like the Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, and Norwegian krone. Because oil is priced in US dollars, a stronger dollar tends to push oil prices higher for non-dollar buyers, dampening demand and consequently prices.

Trading Oil in a Fractured Geopolitical Landscape

The interplay between OPEC policy, geopolitical risk, and macroeconomic forces makes oil one of the most challenging yet potentially rewarding commodities to trade. Price movements can be swift, driven by factors far beyond supply and demand fundamentals.

For traders, sustainability and growth in this market require more than following production reports or price charts. They demand an understanding of political risk, economic policy shifts, and global trade flows. In today’s environment, where regional conflicts, sanctions, and shifting alliances are redefining supply chains, oil can be seen as a geopolitical barometer.

Opposition leader Natthaphong Ruengpanyawut is urging the government to withdraw its plan to hold a referendum on the controversial memorandums of understanding (MoUs) with Cambodia signed in 2000 and 2001, saying such complex international issues fall squarely within the government’s remit — not the public’s.

Mr Natthaphong, who heads both the opposition and the People’s Party (PP), voiced strong reservations about Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul’s proposal to let the public decide on whether Thailand should retain or revoke the two MoUs — known as MoU 43 and MoU 44 — which define frameworks for resolving land and maritime boundary disputes with Cambodia.

Citing a recent Nida Poll, he said around 70% of respondents admitted they had little or no understanding of the MoUs’ content, with 44% saying they did not understand them at all.

This, he said, raises serious doubts about whether a referendum could genuinely reflect the people’s will.

“A referendum can only represent the people’s voice when voters are well-informed,” he said. “Educating and engaging the public is far more important than the act of voting itself.”

He noted that the MoUs are filled with technical and diplomatic details that cannot be explained in short public forums or campaign-style communication. Some sections are so sensitive that parliamentary discussions have had to be held behind closed doors.

Without full, balanced information, he warned, the results would be superficial and misleading.

Mr Natthaphong added that responsibility for the MoUs lies with the executive branch.

“The people have already entrusted the management of international relations and national security to the government. Passing the decision to the public is an abdication of responsibility,” he said.

He also voiced concern that holding the referendum alongside the next general election would confuse voters, who must already cast two ballots for constituency and party-list MPs.

“The public would be overwhelmed by multiple complex issues at once,” he said. “We must question whether this serves national interests or political agendas, especially when parliament will be dissolved in four months.”

The PP leader reaffirmed that his party would oppose the government’s referendum plan if it proceeds without ensuring the public receives accurate and comprehensive information from all sides.

However, he said, the party respects democratic principles and will accept the outcome if the process is transparent.

“If the process is flawed, we risk getting results which are meaningless and damaging,” he said, urging Prime Minister Anutin to allow qualified personnel and institutions — such as diplomats, security agencies, and relevant ministries — to handle the issue professionally.

Echoing these concerns, PP party-list MP Rangsiman Rome said holding a referendum without adequate public understanding would be dangerous.

He noted that the House of Representatives has already formed a special committee, chaired by Chaichanok Chidchob, Minister of Digital Economy and Society and Bhumjaithai Party Secretary-General, to study the potential consequences of cancelling the MoUs and compile expert opinions.

“Even many MPs do not fully understand the details,” Mr Rangsiman said. “For a referendum to be meaningful, people must know exactly what they’re voting for. Otherwise, it’s just symbolic.”

Senator Pisit Apiwattanapong said the government should first explain whether the MoUs benefit or harm national security. “If you ask those who know versus those who don’t, the answers will differ,” he said. “It’s the government’s duty to educate the public.”

Pheu Thai will nominate three quality candidates for the prime ministership at the promised general election next year, party leader Paetongtarn Shinawatra said on Tuesday.

Ms Paetongtarn said the three nominees would be presented “when the time comes”, and they would not let the voters down.

“I am confident that the names will give people hope for the future,” the former prime minister said at an event to revamp the party in prepration for the coming polls.

“I would like to be a candidate. Sadly, I cannot,” she added.

Ms Paetongtarn was ousted from Government House by the Constitutional Court in August for serious ethical breaches in a leaked phone conversation with Cambodian Senate President Hun Sen in June, when tensions rose at the border.

The ruling effectively ended any chance of her returning to the premiership, but she remains Pheu Thai leader.

The party has given former transport minister Suriya Jungrungreangkit the responsibility of taking the party into the election.

With the passage of the Genius Act, the United States will allow all manner of companies to issue their own money in the form of crypto assets known as “stablecoins”.

With a single piece of legislation, Congress has made the US financial system more vulnerable to crises, increased the chances of government bailouts for tech platforms and further entrenched Silicon Valley’s already substantial political power.

Nor do the risks end there. By blessing a less regulated alternative to bank deposits, Congress may have created conditions that will choke off the flow of credit to productive enterprises, as well as circumscribing the US Federal Reserve’s ability to conduct monetary policy through open market operations.

Moreover, the House of Representatives recently passed the Clarity Act, which would upend securities laws by creating gaping loopholes for assets whose ownership is recorded on a blockchain. The bill is not guaranteed to pass, now that other financial market players seem to be waking up to the dangers that could be unleashed by destroying the integrity of US capital markets. Yet the risk of it becoming law cannot be ignored. If it does, we will effectively be reverting to the “buyer beware” markets of the 1920s.

Making matters worse, these laws will inevitably create pressure for other countries to follow suit. Special interests and various constituents will pepper foreign lawmakers with arguments about not wanting to be left behind on innovation, and with concerns about local currencies being supplanted by US dollar-denominated stablecoins.

But it would be wrong to view America’s new crypto laws as examples of shrewd innovation measures or wise geopolitical policies. On the contrary, these bills are advancing at a time when the US is gutting public funding for scientific and technological research, raising serious doubts about the country’s commitment to innovation. Moreover, the dollar’s dominance rests on political and economic foundations, not the currency’s technological plumbing, and the administration’s trade policy and attacks on central-bank independence may end up threatening those foundations.

Even the crypto industry could come to rue these laws’ passage. It has prospered, so far, from playing by a more lenient set of rules than its regulated counterparts in the traditional financial sector. Will it lose that edge as these laws unleash broader financial deregulation? In financial markets where no one can trust anything, why should we expect crypto, which already has a bad reputation among the vast majority of Americans, to boom?

If these laws are not in the long-term interest of the American people or even the crypto industry, what is motivating their passage? No doubt the crypto industry desires this legislation because it sees an opportunity for short-term profits and does not care about the legislation’s likely long-term effects.

But we also should factor in some of the unusual ideologies that hold sway in Silicon Valley. Consider the “Network State” movement. Championed by some key figures in the crypto industry, such as Brian Armstrong, the CEO of the crypto firm Coinbase, it aims to build social networks linked by cryptocurrencies that would opt out of the jurisdiction of national governments and eventually gain diplomatic recognition from real nation-states.

True adherents of this movement have no interest in making nation-states work better, and they would surely see the chaos following a financial crisis as an opportunity to advance their vision.

There is also an eschatological dimension to many Silicon Valley elites’ worldview. As the philosopher Émile Torres points out, Silicon Valley types increasingly subscribe to the belief that true AI will end the world as we know it. In this context, a global financial crisis would seem like a non-event. If you are convinced that our current way of life is ending, it makes sense that you would fixate instead on ensuring that our cyborg descendants can prosper in other galaxies.

In addition to the obvious consumer-protection and financial-stability risks posed by embracing deregulated crypto markets, these ideological motivations should concern foreign lawmakers who are contemplating their own crypto legislation.

For many, the point of US-style crypto laws is to construct monetary and financial systems that lie beyond the boundaries of democratic accountability.

Anyone concerned about their own democracy and sovereignty would do well not to follow America down this path.

October has long been recognised globally as Breast Cancer Awareness Month-a time dedicated to raising awareness and encouraging prevention of one of the most prevalent health threats faced by women worldwide.

This year, the Thanyarak Foundation under the Royal Patronage of Her Royal Highness Princess Srinagarindra, led by Mrs Bussadee Chearavanont, Committee and Secretary of the Foundation, once again joins hands with PAUL Thailand, represented by Ms Atchara Sottipattanapong, Chief Executive Officer of the Food Chain and Coffee House Group, to blend the exquisite sweetness of authentic French pastries with the profound power of giving.

Through the ‘Pink October’ campaign-now in its third consecutive year-the collaboration aims not only to inspire Thai women to embrace self-care by performing regular breast self-examinations and undergoing annual screenings, under the belief that ‘the best protection is early detection,’ but also to create a meaningful opportunity for everyone to contribute to women’s health.

Every purchase of PAUL’s Grand Macarons-delicate on the outside, soft within, and available in five indulgent flavours: Vanilla, Raspberry, Chocolate, Pistachio, and Coffee-or a Mini Macarons Box (six flavours: Coconut, Raspberry, Chocolate, Pistachio, Lemon, and Caramel) helps make a difference. For every piece sold, 30 baht will be donated to the Thanyarak Foundation to support the procurement of essential medical equipment and expand access to early breast cancer screening for underprivileged women at the Thanyarak Breast Centre, Siriraj Hospital.

PAUL Thailand Extends ‘Pink October’ to Empower Women

Customers can support the ‘Pink October’ campaign from 1-31 October 2025 at all PAUL Thailand branches, including Central Embassy, CentralWorld, The Emporium, Tops Chidlom, Thonglor, ICONSIAM, Suvarnabhumi Airport, and Bangkok Hospital. The campaign is also available via Grab and LINE MAN delivery platforms. For more details, please visit www.paulthailand.com or contact 0-2411-5657-9

The death toll from floods in Thailand has risen to 22, authorities said on Tuesday, as they rushed to deliver relief to an estimated 370,000 people affected by heavy rainfall and overflowing rivers.

More than 369,000 people in 19 provinces, excluding Bangkok, were affected, the Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Department reported, with Uttaradit and Ayutthaya among the worst-hit areas.

Authorities said emergency teams were distributing food and supplies and closely monitoring water levels as the monsoon season brings widespread rainfall.

Of the 19 provinces, six were in the North, namely Uttaradit, Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, Sukhothai, Phichit and Nakhon Sawan. Flood levels were unchanged in Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, Phichit and Nakhon Sawan and were receding in Uttaradit and Sukhothai.

In the Central Plains, inundation occurred in eight provinces: Uthai Thani, Chai Nat, Sing Buri, Ang Thong, Suphan Buri, Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani and Nakhon Pathom. Flood levels remained mostly unchanged, except in Pathum Thani and Uthai Thani where water was lower.

Four northeastern provinces – Chaiyaphum, Ubon Ratchathani, Udon Thani and Yasothon – also experienced flooding, with stable flood levels.

The only eastern province affected was Chachoengsao, where flood levels were rising in Bang Nam Prieo district.

Bangkok governor Chadchart Sittipunt said on Tuesday that the city would not face severe flooding like in 2011, citing current water flow of the Chao Phraya River.

In 2011, the flow was 3,930 cubic metres per second in Sam Khok district, Pathum Thani, but it was now at 2,421 cubic metres per second, below the 3,600 cubic metres per second capacity that could cause overflow.

Existing embankments along the Chao Phraya River could prevent flooding in Bangkok, and city workers are laying sandbags to protect 320 households in 11 communities without embankments, Mr Chadchart added.

Meteorological Department director-general Sugunyanee Yavinchan said Tropical Storm Matmo became an active low-pressure cell in the upper part of Vietnam at 1am on Tuesday and will cause isolated heavy rains in the North, the Northeast and the East of Thailand.

In Hanoi, torrential rains triggered by Typhoon Matmo flooded parts of the Vietnamese capital, as a run of storms has swept across the country’s northern regions.

According to Vietnam’s weather agency, up to three more storm systems were expected to hit the country before the end of 2025.

Proactive health management is taking centre stage as Bangkok Dusit Medical Services Public Company Limited (BDMS), a leading international private hospital network, introduces the ‘BDMS SPOT-MAS’ cancer screening package. This innovative test detects early-stage cancer cells through a single blood sample, under the concept ‘Early Detection, Better Outcomes – Comprehensive Screening for 10 Cancers.’ The initiative aims to improve treatment opportunities and disease control from the earliest stages.

Cancer often develops silently, showing no symptoms until it has advanced. Early detection, therefore, plays a vital role in improving survival rates and treatment effectiveness. The BDMS SPOT-MAS package is designed to screen and assess the risk of ten major cancer types – breast, lung, liver, oesophageal, colorectal, endometrial, pancreatic, ovarian, gastric, and head and neck cancers.

Cancer remains one of the world’s most pressing public-health challenges. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 19.9 million people were diagnosed with cancer globally in 2022, a number expected to climb to 35 million by 2050 due to an ageing population and lifestyle-related risk factors.

In Thailand, data from the National Cancer Institute show around 140,000 new cancer cases annually, with approximately 83,000 deaths – averaging more than 227 fatalities per day. The leading causes of cancer-related deaths among Thais include liver and bile duct cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and leukaemia, highlighting the urgent need for preventive measures.

The BDMS SPOT-MAS package targets the most prevalent and high-risk cancers using advanced genetic biomarker testing technology, enabling early identification of cancer risk and cellular abnormalities under the supervision of specialised physicians. Screening items may vary by hospital. The package is recommended for individuals aged 40 and above, or those at high risk, serving as a crucial first step in prevention, ongoing monitoring, and personalised treatment planning based on medical advice.

BDMS continues to advance medical innovation for modern healthcare, ensuring greater access to effective screening and early intervention. The BDMS SPOT-MAS package is available from 1 October to 15 November 2025 at BDMS-affiliated hospitals, including Bangkok Hospital, Samitivej Hospital, BNH Hospital, Phyathai Hospital, Paolo Hospital, and BDMS Wellness Clinic.

The Bangkok Bar Show returns from Oct 10-12 at the Anantara Siam Bangkok Hotel, marking its biggest edition yet.

The show will gather more than 50 international bar experts, 40 bar brands, 30 headline events and seven panel discussions and seminars featuring some of the industry’s most influential voices. This year, bartenders from North and South America, Europe, and across Asia Pacific will join Thailand’s vibrant community of bar leaders, brands and cocktail enthusiasts to present their innovations and flair

Highlights below:

? Opening Party: Oct 10 at Aqua Bar, where leading names in cocktail culture will set the tone for an unforgettable week.? Bangkok Bar Show Awards and Thailand’s 20 Best Bars 2025: Oct 13. This year’s ceremony introduces a brand-new category, Best Wine Bar, alongside established awards such as Best New Bar and Best Bartender.? Closing Party: Oct 13 at Bar Sathorn, with international stars behind the stick.

Discussions and seminars at Anantara Siam Bangkok:

Oct 10

“Are We Truly Sustainable?”: Speakers are Giacomo Giannotti of Paradiso Barcelona, Ronnaporn Kanivichaporn of Mahaniyom Bangkok, Agung Prabowo of Penicillin and Sorrel Moseley-Williams, South America academy chair for The World’s 50 Best Bars. The discussion will be moderated by Nick Coldicott, Japan academy chair for The World’s 50 Best Bars.

“The Anatomy Of A Well Built Bar”: Speakers are Taln of Bar Us and Messenger Service Bar, Frank Kurt Maldonado of Employees Only New York, Hayden Lambert of Above Board Melbourne and Patrick Pistolesi of Drink Kong Rome. The discussion will be moderated by Emma Janzen, USA Midwest academy chair for The World’s 50 Best Bars.

Oct 11

“The Importance Of Good Bar Branding”: Speakers are Stefanie Wijono of Union Group Jakarta, Takuma Watanabe of Martiny’s New York, Juliane Reichart, Germany/Austria/Switzerland academy chair for The World’s 50 Best Bars and Lorenzo Querci of Moebius Milan. The discussion will be moderated by Andrew Ho, co-founder Hope and Sesame Group.

“True Hospitality”: Speakers are Supawit “Palm” Muttarattana of Dry Wave Cocktail Studio, Alonso Palomino of Lady Bee Lima, Keith Motsi of Virtù Tokyo and Chris Beaney, Africa West academy chair for The World’s 50 Best Bars. The discussion will be moderated by Vivian Pei.

Oct 12

“Rising Above: Women Redefining Hospitality Leadership”: Speakers are Margarita Sagar of Paradiso Barcelona, Amanda Wan of Three X Co Kuala Lumpur and Chanel Adams of Bamboo Bar Bangkok. The discussion will be moderated by Priyanka Blah, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives academy chair for The World’s 50 Best Bars.

“Approaching The Sober-Curious Generation”: Speakers are Sasha Jiliane of Fura Singapore, Demie Kim of Zest Seoul, Elon Soddu of Bar Amaro London and Harrison Ginsberg of Overstory New York. The discussion will be moderated by Esther Tseng, USA West academy chair for The World’s 50 Best Bars.

“The New Pour: Becoming The Next Generation Of Bartenders”: Speakers are Jean Trinh of Alquimico Cartagena, Ellen Su of Chimney Hangzhou, Demie Kim of Zest Seoul, and Atsuhi Suzuki of Bellwood Tokyo. The discussion will be moderated by Colin Chia, co-founder of Bangkok Bar Show and CEO of Nutmeg Collective Singapore.

Guest shifts:

Oct 10

Drink Kong featuring Riccardo Rossi and Freni Frizioni featuring Patrick Pistolesi at Zuma Bangkok.

Cat Bite Club featuring Jessie Vida and Gabriel Lowe at The St. Regis Bar.

Penicillin featuring Agung Prabowo, Moebius Milano featuring Lorenzo Querci and Giovanni Allario, Tokyo Confidential featuring Holly Graham, and Limantour featuring José Luis León at Aqua Bar.

Oct 11

Paradiso Barcelona featuring Giacomo Giannotti, Margarita Sader and Gabriele Armani at Mahaniyom.

Bar Libre featuring Yujiro Kiyosaki at F*nkytown.

Moonrock featuring Yi Che Liao at Messenger Service.

Liao Jien Ming and Punch Room Tokyo featuring Yasuhiro Kawakubo at Aqua Bar.

Obsidian Bar featuringP aul Hsu, Bar Mood featuring Nick Wu and MO Bar Shenzhen featuring Tiger Chang at Firefly Bar.

Bar Amaro featuring Elon Soddu, Martiny’s featuring Takuma Watanabe, Public House featuring William Wu, Overstory featuring Harrison Ginsber, Hope and Sesame featuring Andrew Ho and Alquimico featuring Jean Trinh at Four Seasons Hotel Bangkok.

Infinity and Beyond featuring Mars Chang at Independence.

Lab Taipei featuring Takafumi Makita at Tax.

Under Lab featuring Pei Liu at Asia Today.

Simone Rossi, Giancarlo Mancino and Elena Urbani at Stella.

Three X Co featuring Amanda Wan, Workshop 14 featuring Linh Winnie and Bae’s Cocktail Club featuring Boo Jin Heng at #FindThePhotoBooth.

Oct 12

Hats featuring Demitria Dana Paramita, St. Regis Bar featuring Paulo Naranjo, Carrots featuring Alvin Sung Jaya at F*nkytown.

Maybe Sammy featuring Hunter Gregory and Bar Mauro featuring Ricardo Nava and Yayo Nava at The St. Regis Bar.

Above Board featuring Hayden Lambert at Sugar Ray You’ve Just Been Poisoned.

Lady Bee featuring Alonso Palomino at Bar Us.

Mamba Negra featuringJ uan David and Bijou featuring Daniel Ortega at Opium.

Red Frog featuring Paulo Gomes and Emanuel Minez at Firefly.

Fura featuring Sasha Wijidessa at Wasteland.

Modern Haus Jakarta featuring Mirwansyah Bule at Dry Wave Cocktail Studio.

Locale Firenze featuring Faramarz Poosty and Alessandro Mengoni at #FindTheLockerRoom.

Eximia featuring Márcio Silva at Rabbit Hole.

Sober Company featuring Winnie Wei, Papuwa featuringVivian Liu, Chimney featuring Ellen Xu and Tiger Liang at Black Cabin.

Oct 13

Virtù featuring Keith Motsi, Pony Up featuring Dre Yang, Employees Only featuring Frank Kurt and Maldonado at Bar Sathorn.

Thailand suffered a double blow ahead of their Asian Cup qualifiers against Taiwan as Buriram United duo Supachai Chaided and Sasalak Haiprakhon pulled out of the national team with injuries on Monday.

Both Supachai and Sasalak picked up injuries on Sunday night when Buriram dropped points for the first time in Thai League 1 this season.

The Thunder Castle were held to a 2-2 draw by BG Pathum United at home in a riveting battle that kept the hosts atop the Thai League table.

Thailand head coach Masatada Ishii has called up Channarong Promsrikaew of Chonburi to take Supachai’s place in the squad, while Sasalak has been replaced by Wanchai Jarunongkran of Bangkok United.

The War Elephants will host Taiwan at Bangkok’s Rajamangala Stadium on Thursday before facing the same opponents again on Oct 14 in Taipei.

Earlier on Sunday night, Pathum took the lead in the 25th minute when Kritsada Kaman set up Seydin Ndiaye for a thundering header.

Buriram levelled in the 31st minute through a long-range strike from Guilherme Bissoli.

At the 33rd minute, substitute Sanchai Nontasil fired a low shot past Buriram goalkeeper Neil Etheridge to restore Pathum’s lead at 2-1.

In first-half stoppage time, a dramatic VAR review changed the course of the match as the hosts were awarded a penalty, which Bissoli converted with ease.

Buriram head coach Osmar Loss Viera said after the game: “We are very disappointed with this result. We planned to take three points today.

“The first half did not go to plan, but at half-time we discussed our tactics and the players understood them, which made the team play better in the second half.

“If there had to be a winner, it should have been us, Buriram United, but that is football; when you have chances to finish, you must be sure.”

A selection of artworks created over the past 20 years by prominent Thai artist Natee Utarit are showcased during ’20+20′, which is staged across three locations of Richard Koh Fine Art (RKFA) in Bangkok, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur until Oct 25.

The exhibition aims to celebrate 20 years of the gallery’s journey and reflect its ongoing commitment to fostering long-term collaborations with artists, among which its two-decade relationship with Natee, one of Southeast Asia’s most significant contemporary painters, has been particularly meaningful.

Since its establishment in 2005, RKFA has remained dedicated to championing contemporary art from Southeast Asia and beyond.

The gallery has so far presented over 700 shows, including art fairs, international collaborations and gallery exhibitions worldwide.

These milestones underscore the breadth of the gallery’s activities and its sustained commitment to building cross-cultural dialogues. Over the years, the gallery has worked alongside a diverse roster of artists whose practices carry both artistic depth and cultural resonance.

Natee has been one of the gallery’s earliest and most consistent collaborators. His practice, known for interrogating classical Western painting traditions while engaging with the cultural, philosophical and sociopolitical realities of Southeast Asia, has made a vital contribution to critical conversations in the region.

The exhibition brings together a selection of works – drawn from past and recent series – that have passed through the gallery’s hands over the last two decades. Together, they offer a reflection on the evolution of Natee’s practice, the scope of his concerns and the enduring dialogue between the artist, the gallery and its collectors.

Through this gathering, viewers are invited to encounter his sustained exploration of history, religion, morality and humanism – themes that continue to resonate deeply today.

Richard Koh Fine Art Bangkok is located on the 9th floor of Peterson Building, Sukhumvit Road, and opens Tuesday to Saturday from 11am to 7pm.