The Universal Basic Education Commission (UBEC) has warned that poor access to early childhood education is worsening learning outcomes, with about 10 million Nigerian children excluded from the programme.
UBEC’s Executive Secretary, Dr. Aisha Garba, said this in Abuja at a three-day capacity-building workshop for state actors on early childhood care, development and education.
Across the country, students of Federal Unity Schools have returned to classrooms after their management suspended the industrial action.
This comes on the heels of the Federal Government’s fresh discussions with stakeholders over the controversial concession of King’s College, Lagos.
Former Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) President and King’s College alumnus, Mr. Olumide Akpata, announced this yesterday in an interview on a national television station.
During the capacity-building workshop in Abuja, UBEC’s boss, Garba, represented by the commission’s Deputy Executive Secretary (Technical), Rasaq Olajuwon Akinyemi, said only 35.6 per cent of Nigerian children aged 36 to 59 months attended any form of early childhood education.
The executive secretary said the 2021 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey also showed that about 46 per cent of children aged 24 to 59 months were developmentally off track.
According to her, the consequences of inadequate early childhood education become more pronounced as children progress through the school system.
‘Only 35.6 per cent of Nigerian children aged 36 to 59 months attend any form of early childhood education. That leaves roughly 10 million of our youngest children outside ECCDE altogether,’ she said.
Garba added that about 70 per cent of Nigerian 10-year-olds could not read and understand a simple text, while only about 2.4 million of the 5.9 million children who enter primary school each year remain in the education system at the end of junior secondary school.
The executive secretary stressed that early childhood development must be treated as an integrated national priority involving education, health, nutrition, water and sanitation, women’s affairs, social welfare and Local Government Education Authorities.
‘There is no cheaper place in the education system to buy results,’ she said, citing Nobel Laureate James Heckman’s estimate of about 13 per cent annual return per child on high-quality birth-to-five programmes.
The UBEC boss urged states to include ECCDE interventions in their State Matching Grant Action Plans, warning that programmes omitted from the plans would not receive funding, procurement or monitoring attention.
‘I must be blunt: what is not in the Action Plan will not be funded, will not be procured and will not be monitored,’ she said.
Garba announced that the deadline for states to submit their ECCDE Action Plans for the next intervention year had been extended from September 30 to October 5.
The executive secretary cautioned that the extension should not be used to delay submission, adding that plans received after the new deadline would not be considered for the intervention year.
‘I expect every State to leave Abuja with a costed, integrated and inclusive draft plan, to present it to your Executive Chairman on your return, and to submit the final plan through the digital planning template within the extended period. Plans received after that date will not be considered for this intervention year,’ she said.
Garba also urged states to ensure that children with disabilities and those in hard-to-reach, nomadic, riverine and conflict-affected communities were included in ECCDE programmes.
The UBEC boss called for stronger engagement with parents, caregivers, School-Based Management Committees, traditional institutions and religious bodies, noting that communities could provide important platforms for reaching children outside conventional classrooms.
She said the 2023-24 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey put stunting among children under five at 40 per cent nationally, ranging from 12 per cent in Rivers State to 65 per cent in Katsina State.
Garba also directed ECCDE centres to comply with standards covering child safety, supervision, safeguarding, food and water safety, structural safety and emergency exits.
UBEC’s Acting Director of the Department of Special Programmes and Early Childhood, Dr. Chijioke Onwuzurike, said Nigeria has more than 45 early childhood development delivery channels across the health, nutrition, education, agriculture and social protection sectors.
She said the multiplicity of channels had created fragmentation, with some platforms duplicating one another, failing to share data and providing inconsistent services across communities.
Onwuzurike said the commission expected every state, within the next 18 months, to map and streamline existing early childhood development platforms, establish functional multi-sectoral coordination mechanisms and strengthen frontline workers’ capacity for screening and follow-up.
‘School readiness is not something that begins at the primary school gate; by the time a child reaches that gate, it is largely decided,’ she said.
The acting director urged state actors to use the National ECCDE Minimum Standard and Implementation Guidelines as working tools rather than documents to be filed away.
Also, UNICEF Nigeria Education Specialist, Yetunde Oluwatosin, said early childhood development was critical to addressing the country’s out-of-school challenge.
Oluwatosin likened early childhood development to laying the foundation of a building, stressing that getting the foundation right would help children enter school at the appropriate age, remain in school and transition through the education system.
‘So, it’s really important for us to get the foundation right, because it helps the child to continue learning,’ she said.
The education specialist said UNICEF had supported the Federal Government in developing the ECCD policy, minimum standards and curriculum, adding that the documents were benchmarked against global standards.
The three-day workshop, organised by UBEC’s Department of Special Programmes and Early Childhood, in collaboration with UNICEF, brought together state and relevant education actors, including SUBEB Directors of Special Programmes, ECCDE Desk Officers and UBEC officials.
The workshop aimed at strengthening state-level capacity for ECCDE planning, financing, implementation, monitoring, data management and community engagement, while enabling participating states to develop or strengthen state-specific ECCDE and early childhood development work plans.
In the television interview, Akpata announced that the Ministry of Education had constituted a high-powered committee to examine concerns surrounding King’s College concession.
The former NBA president said the committee started discussions with the Association of Senior Civil Servants of Nigeria (ASCSN) yesterday, allowing the union to present its objections and concerns.
He said the development would help address what he called misconceptions arising from ‘misunderstanding, misinterpretation, and lack of communication’ surrounding the concession arrangement.
‘Students were back to school yesterday, September 28, after the industrial action. The Ministry of Education has set up a high-powered committee to look into the concession, with the Association of Senior Civil Servants Union of Nigeria in the room,’ Akpata said.
The lawyer noted that the engagement would allow all parties to understand the details of the arrangement and put their concerns on the table.
According to him, the concession currently under discussion is specifically for King’s College and should not be interpreted as covering other Federal Unity Schools.
‘At the moment, this is strictly about King’s College, not about other Unity Schools,’ he said.
Akpata also defended the financial arrangement behind the proposed concession, dismissing concerns that the old boys’ community stood to gain financially from the deal.
The former NBA president said there would be ‘zero pecuniary benefits’ for the old boys, insisting that the objective was to restore the 117-year-old institution to its former standard.
According to him, the proposed N100 billion investment will come from King’s College old boys’ community and will be used to develop the school.
‘The N100 billion will come from the old boys’ community. For us, that amount is not a problem,’ he said.
Akpata cited concession models adopted by some colleges in Umuahia (Abia State) and Ibadan (Oyo) as examples of arrangements he said had delivered positive results.
The lawyer maintained that the model offered an opportunity to improve infrastructure and reposition King’s College.
He described the school’s concession as ‘the best thing that can happen to King’s College at this moment’.
The latest development comes against the backdrop of disagreements between stakeholders over the proposed concession, which had contributed to the industrial action which affected Federal Unity Schools.
With students now back in school, attention is expected to shift to the outcome of the Federal Government’s stakeholder engagement and whether or not the committee would be able to address the concerns raised by the workers and other stakeholders while clarifying the scope and terms of the King’s College concession.